Koj puas tau mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum koj kub taub hau, hnoos, thiab mob caj pas thiab tau txais tshuaj zoo li "Amoxicillin"? Los yog koj puas tau raug sau tshuaj zoo li "Penicillin" rau qhov txhab? Peb coob tus tau hnov txog cov tshuaj no, tab sis peb tsis paub meej tias nws yog dab tsi, nws ua li cas rau lub cev, lossis nws ua haujlwm li cas, puas yog? Qhov no yog ib yam tshuaj zoo kawg nkaus uas tau hloov pauv kev kho mob thiab pab cawm ntau lab tus neeg txoj sia. Yog li hnub no, cia peb kawm txhua yam txog penicillin hauv txoj kev yooj yim heev, sib tham.
Penicillin yog dab tsi hauv cov lus yooj yim?
Hais yooj yim xwb, penicillin yog ib hom tshuaj hu ua tshuaj tua kab mob . Tshuaj tua kab mob yog ib yam tshuaj uas tua lossis tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob phem uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev. Xav txog cov kab mob phem uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev ua cov yeeb ncuab uas nkag mus rau hauv ib lub tebchaws. Ces penicillin zoo li ib tug tub rog uas tau kawm tshwj xeeb uas rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab ntawd.
Cov tshuaj penicillin no yog ib hom tshuaj tua kab mob loj hu ua "beta-lactams." Cov kws kho mob siv cov tshuaj no ua tshuaj ntsiav, kua, lossis txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (IV).
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias penicillin tsuas ua haujlwm rau cov kab mob bacterial xwb. Nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau mob khaub thuas thiab mob ntsws, uas yog los ntawm cov kab mob virus. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob siv cov no yam tsis tau kev qhia ntawm kws kho mob.
Cov kws kho mob siv penicillin rau cov kab mob dab tsi?
Penicillin yog ib hom tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj ntau yam tshuaj uas siv tau los kho ntau yam mob. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaiv hom penicillin raws li hom kab mob uas koj muaj. Nov yog qee qhov kev siv ntau tshaj plaws.
| Mob nkeeg | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Kab mob caj pas | Mob caj pas los ntawm cov kab mob. |
| Kab mob pob ntseg (Otitis media) | Kab mob pob ntseg feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus. |
| Cov kab mob tso zis (UTIs) | Cov kab mob bacterial ntawm txoj hlab zis. |
| Mob ntsws o | Cov kab mob bacterial uas cuam tshuam rau lub ntsws. |
| Kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij (kab mob Staph) | Cov mob xws li kev kis kab mob ntawm qhov txhab thiab kev tsim cov abscess. |
| Kab mob hlwb | Kev o ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas npog lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum. |
| Kab mob hniav | Kev kis kab mob ntawm cov hauv paus hniav lossis cov pos hniav. |
| Lwm yam kab mob | Nws kuj tseem siv rau ntau yam kab mob xws li syphilis, gonorrhea, thiab Lyme kab mob. |
Puas muaj hom tshuaj penicillin?
Yog, muaj ntau hom tshuaj penicillin sib txawv. Lawv muaj peev xwm muab faib ua ntau pawg loj raws li lawv ua li cas thiab hom kab mob uas lawv tua tau.
- Cov tshuaj penicillins ntuj: Cov no yog cov hom uas tshwm sim ntuj, zoo li hauv tsob ntoo. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntxuav lawv thiab ua rau lawv ua tshuaj. Piv txwv ntawm cov hom no yog Penicillin G thiab Penicillin V.
- Cov tshuaj penicillins semi-synthetic: Cov no yog cov uas peb pom ntau tshaj plaws. Cov kws tshawb fawb siv cov tshuaj penicillin ntuj thiab hloov kho me ntsis nws cov qauv hauv chav kuaj kom nws ua tau zoo dua thiab muaj zog dua. Cov tshuaj xws li Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, thiab Dicloxacillin yog cov tshuaj no.
- Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke:Qee zaum cov kab mob me me ntse heev. Lawv nrhiav lawv txoj kev kom dim ntawm penicillin. Lub sijhawm ntawd, kom ua rau penicillin muaj zog ntxiv, lawv ntxiv lwm yam tshuaj pab. Piv txwv li, tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov txog cov tshuaj "(Augmentin)". Nws muaj "(Amoxicillin)" thiab lwm yam tshuaj "(clavulanic acid)" ntxiv rau nws.
Cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm li cas hauv lub cev?
Qhov no yog ib qho txheej txheem nthuav heev. Xav txog tias txhua tus kab mob muaj phab ntsa cell muaj zog los tiv thaiv nws tus kheej. Ib yam li peb muaj phab ntsa ncig peb lub tsev. Yog tsis muaj phab ntsa no, cov kab mob yuav tsis muaj sia nyob.
Qhov uas penicillin ua yog nws mus ncaj qha rau kev tiv thaiv cov kab mob kom tsis txhob tsim phab ntsa . Zoo li tsis pub cov cement nkag thaum koj tab tom tsim phab ntsa. Thaum phab ntsa tsis tsim kom zoo, nws yuav qaug zog, nws muaj qhov, thiab tom qab ib pliag nws tawg thiab tawg ua tej daim. Thaum phab ntsa ploj mus, cov kab mob yuav tsis muaj sia nyob, nws tuag. Qhov ntawd yog qhov tshwm sim.
Yog li ntawd, 'kev tiv thaiv tshuaj' txhais li cas?
Thaum ntsib tib hom kev tawm tsam raws sijhawm, qee cov kab mob ua rau lawv ntse heev. Lawv kawm txoj hauv kev tshiab los khiav tawm ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam penicillin no. Piv txwv li:
- Lawv tsim cov enzymes (xws li beta-lactamase) uas rhuav tshem penicillin.
- Los yog lawv hloov qhov xwm txheej ntawm lawv phab ntsa tiv thaiv, yog li ntawd penicillin tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus.
Peb hu qhov no ua kev tiv thaiv tshuaj tua kab mob . Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no. MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) yog ib hom kab mob uas tiv taus ntau hom penicillin.
Kuv yuav tsum noj tshuaj penicillin ntev npaum li cas? Cov kev mob tshwm sim yog dab tsi?
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb koj yuav tsum noj tshuaj penicillin ntev npaum li cas. Nws yuav nyob ntawm hom kab mob thiab qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob uas koj muaj. Feem ntau nws yuav yog txij li 5 txog 7 hnub mus txog ob peb lub lis piam.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntawm no yog noj tshuaj kom tag nrho cov hnub uas tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg. Txawm tias koj xav tias zoo dua tom qab ob lossis peb hnub, tsis txhob tsum noj tshuaj. Yog tias koj tsum, cov kab mob muaj zog tshaj plaws uas tseem nyob hauv lub cev yuav siv tau cov tshuaj no thiab yuav tsis ua haujlwm rau lub sijhawm tom ntej uas koj muab nws. Qhov no ua rau muaj feem yuav tiv taus tshuaj tua kab mob ntau ntxiv.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau
Ib yam li txhua yam tshuaj, penicillin tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv me me. Txawm li cas los xij, cov no tsis tshwm sim rau feem ntau ntawm cov neeg, thiab yog tias lawv tshwm sim, feem ntau lawv tsis loj heev.
- Xeev siab
- Ntuav
- Mob plab (mob plab)
- Qee zaum yuav muaj pob khaus me me ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Tsis xav noj mov los yog hloov pauv saj/ntxhiab tsw
- Mob taub hau
Feem ntau, kev noj tshuaj tom qab noj mov tuaj yeem txo qhov mob plab xws li xeev siab.
Tej yam yuav tsum ceev faj thaum noj tshuaj penicillin
Txawm hais tias muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim me me los xij, qee zaum kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo loj heev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog qhov no.
1. Kev Ua Xua Penicillin
Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Tab sis qhov tseeb, muaj tsawg tus neeg uas ua xua rau penicillin. Muaj ntau tus neeg xav tias lawv ua xua, tab sis lawv yuav tsis ua. Tab sis rau ib tus neeg uas ua xua tiag tiag, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
- Cov tsos mob: tawv nqaij ua pob khaus, khaus, o, ntuav, kiv taub hau, thiab, qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws, ua pa nyuaj.
- Yuav ua li cas: Yog tias koj ua pa nyuaj, ntuav, o ntawm lub ntsej muag lossis caj pas tsis ntev tom qab noj tshuaj, nws yog qhov xwm txheej ceev. Mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ze tshaj plaws tam sim ntawd.
2. Kev kis kab mob C. diff
Qhov no nyuaj me ntsis. Peb muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kab mob zoo thiab cov kab mob phem hauv peb txoj hnyuv. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob xws li penicillin qee zaum tua qee cov kab mob zoo nrog rau cov kab mob phem. Qhov no tso cai rau cov kab mob phem, hu ua Clostridium difficile (C. diff), kom loj hlob tsis muaj kev tswj hwm. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau raws plab hnyav, raws plab dej, mob plab hnyav, thiab kub taub hau .
| Thaum twg yuav tsum nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham |
|---|
|
| Thaum twg yuav tsum mus rau Chav Kho Mob Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd |
|
Leej twg nrhiav tau cov tshuaj txuj ci tseem ceeb no?
Qhov no yog ib qho xav tsis thoob thiab tsis tau xav txog ua ntej. Xyoo 1928, ib tug kws tshawb fawb hu ua Alexander Fleming tau mus so haujlwm yam tsis tau ntxuav cov tais Petri hauv nws lub chaw kuaj mob kom huv. Thaum nws rov qab los, nws pom tias cov tais diav tau loj hlob tuaj pwm, tsis yog cov kab mob, tab sis cov tuag lawm. Nws paub tias cov pwm no tso tawm ib yam tshuaj uas tua cov kab mob.
Nws yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj heev los cais cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov pwm ntawd, ua kom huv, thiab ua rau nws ua tshuaj. Tab sis thaum kawg nws tau ua tiav, thiab nws tau siv rau pej xeem los ntawm xyoo 1946. Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawd yog qhov pib ntawm cov tshuaj penicillins uas peb siv niaj hnub no.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Penicillin yog ib hom tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsuas yog muab rau cov kab mob bacterial xwb . Lawv tsis ua haujlwm rau mob khaub thuas uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob viruses.
- Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj penicillin rau koj tus kheej yam tsis tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm kws kho mob .
- Noj tshuaj kom tag nrho raws li tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg. Tsis txhob tsum ib nrab hnub vim koj xav tias koj zoo dua.
- Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob hnyav xws li ua pa nyuaj thiab o ntsej muag thaum noj tshuaj, mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) tam sim ntawd.
- Yog tias koj noj tshuaj rau lwm yam kab mob, lossis yog tias koj cev xeeb tub lossis pub niam mis, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej noj penicillin.
💬 Comments (0)
Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus