Kev Tuag Sai Sai Sai (SAD)

Koj puas tau hnov ​​txog ib tug neeg uas thaum nws tseem hluas thiab noj qab nyob zoo ces nws tuag tam sim ntawd? Koj puas tau xav tias qhov ntawd yuav tshwm sim li cas? Qee zaum nws yuav yog vim muaj ib yam mob uas peb yuav tham txog hnub no hu ua Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome (SADS) . Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem loj heev, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub txog nws.

Kab mob plawv tuag tam sim ntawd (SADS) yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no yog ib yam mob plawv. Feem ntau, nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas koj tau txais los ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam. Qhov uas tshwm sim hauv qhov no yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv koj lub plawv. Xav txog nws, peb lub plawv ua haujlwm zoo li lub tshuab hluav taws xob me me. Nws yog cov teeb liab hluav taws xob uas ua rau lub plawv dhia kom raug. Yog li, thaum muaj teeb meem nrog lub tshuab no, lub plawv dhia tsis zoo . Yog tias qhov no tsis kho kom zoo, koj yuav tsum ntsib kev tuag tam sim ntawd. Yog vim li cas nws thiaj txaus ntshai.

Cov hom mob SADS tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau hom mob SADS. Txhua hom muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis. Cia peb saib qee hom tseem ceeb:

• Brugada syndrome: Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas cov chav qis dua ntawm lub plawv, hu ua atria, tsim lub plawv dhia ceev ceev, tsis xwm yeem (polymorphic ventricular tachycardia).
• Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT): Qhov no kuj yog ib qho mob uas cov hlwb plawv dhia sai thiab tsis xwm yeem. Qhov mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm lossis kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub hlwb.
• Kab mob QT ntev (LQTS): Qhov no yog thaum koj cov leeg nqaij plawv siv sijhawm ntev dua los npaj rau lub plawv dhia tom ntej, uas yog, rov them dua (repolarize lossis recharge). Nws zoo li lub roj teeb siv sijhawm ntev dua los them. Yog tias koj saib EKG, qhov sib txawv ntawm Q thiab T nthwv dej hu ua QT interval. Thaum lub sijhawm no ntev dhau, cov hlwb plawv tuaj yeem pib dhia ceev dhau (ventricular tachycardia) lossis tsis xwm yeem dhau (ventricular fibrillation).
• Kab mob QT luv (SQTS): Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm QT ntev. Nws txhais tau tias cov hlwb plawv siv sijhawm me ntsis los npaj rau lub plawv dhia tom ntej. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov chav sab saud ntawm lub plawv (atrial fibrillation) dhia tsis sib xws, lossis cov chav sab qis (ventricular tachycardia) dhia sai, lossis tshee tsis sib xws (ventricular fibrillation).
• Timothy syndrome: Qhov no yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj. Nws kuj yog ib hom mob QT ntev.
• Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW):Qhov no yog thaum muaj ib txoj kev ntxiv, tsis zoo li qub uas tsim los rau cov teeb liab hluav taws xob mus ncig ntawm cov chav sab saud (atria) thiab cov chav sab hauv qab (mitra). Qhov no yog ntxiv rau txoj kev ib txwm muaj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv dhia ceev dhau (tachycardia).

Cov mob SADS no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Cov no tsis tshua muaj, tab sis lawv kuj tsis yog tsis muaj. Piv txwv li, tus kab mob QT ntev (LQTS) uas tau hais ua ntej lawm kwv yees tias cuam tshuam rau kwv yees li ib ntawm 2,000 tus menyuam mos. Brugada syndrome tsis tshua muaj, cuam tshuam tsawg dua 1% ntawm cov pej xeem. Tus mob hu ua CPVT cuam tshuam rau kwv yees li ib ntawm kaum txhiab tus.

Tiam sis, feem ntau, muaj li ntawm 200,000 tus neeg tuag los ntawm kev mob plawv nres tam sim ntawd (SCA) txhua xyoo hauv Tebchaws Meskas xwb. Kuj tseem muaj kev tshaj tawm tias muaj li ntawm 4,000 tus menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas tuag los ntawm cov mob SADS no txhua xyoo. Yog li, qhov ntawd tsis yog ib qho me me, puas yog?

Cov tsos mob ntawm SADS yog dab tsi?

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau hom kab mob SADS sib txawv los, muaj qee cov tsos mob uas pom ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, qee tus neeg yuav tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li.

Cov tsos mob feem ntau:

• Tej zaum yuav muaj kev tsaus muag lossis qaug dab peg thaum lub sijhawm ua si, lossis thaum koj zoo siab lossis ntshai heev.
• Mob hauv siab yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua si.
• Tej zaum koj yuav ua tsis taus pa thaum lub sijhawm ua si.

Tam sim no cia peb saib cov tsos mob sib txawv uas cuam tshuam nrog txhua hom SADS.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Brugada syndrome

Txawm hais tias feem ntau cov neeg tsis muaj tsos mob, qee tus yuav muaj:

• Lub plawv nres tuaj yeem tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pw tsaug zog.
• Tsaus muag.
• Qaug dab peg.
• Ib qho qauv ua pa tsis zoo.

Cov tsos mob ntawm catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT)

Tej zaum yuav tsis muaj tsos mob kom txog thaum muaj mob plawv nres, tab sis qee tus neeg yuav xav tias tsaus muag thaum lub sijhawm ua si.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Long QT Syndrome (LQTS)

Kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg uas muaj LQTS tsis muaj tsos mob. Tab sis qee tus neeg:

• Ib qho mob arrhythmia tshwj xeeb hu ua Torsades de Pointes tuaj yeem ua rau mob plawv nres.
• Tsaus muag.
• Qaug dab peg.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Short QT Syndrome (SQTS)

Kwv yees li ntawm 40% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj tus mob no tsis muaj tsos mob. Tab sis lwm tus:

• Lub plawv dhia ceev .
• Tsaus muag.
• Mob plawv.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Timothy syndrome

Cov yam ntxwv uas tuaj yeem pom hauv qhov no yog:

• Tsaus muag.
• Mob plawv.
• Qee zaum muaj cov ntiv tes thiab/lossis cov ntiv taw uas muaj cov ntaub thaiv.
• Cov teeb meem kev loj hlob.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW)

Cov tsos mob ntawm WPW muaj xws li:

• Lub plawv dhia ceev.
• Hnov kiv taub hau (lightheadedness).
• Ua pa nyuaj.
• Tsaus muag.
• Qaug dab peg.

Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj lossis ib tus neeg koj paub muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob.

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj SADS?

Feem ntau, thaum ib tug tub hluas tuag tam sim ntawd, thiab lawv lub plawv zoo li qub thaum kuaj xyuas, cov kws kho mob xav tias lawv muaj lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem uas tsis tau kuaj pom, lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem. Cov mob SADS uas ua rau muaj cov mob arrhythmias no, uas peb tau tham txog ua ntej, feem ntau yog kis los ntawm niam txiv mus rau menyuam . Ntawd yog, lawv los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces. Qhov ua rau cov mob no kis mus rau menyuam yaus tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm cov noob caj noob ces thiab qhov ntawm lub plawv uas raug cuam tshuam.

Cov kws kho mob nrhiav tau SADS li cas?

Yog tias ib tug tub ntxhais hluas muaj cov tsos mob uas tau hais los saum toj no, thiab yog tias ib tug neeg hauv lawv tsev neeg tau muaj kev tuag tam sim ntawd uas tsis paub meej ua ntej hnub nyoog 40 xyoo, tus kws kho mob yuav xav tias muaj SADS. Cov txheej txheem kuaj mob sib txawv nyob ntawm hom SADS.

Feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem kuaj mob:

• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Qhov no kuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob ntawm lub plawv.
• Kev kuaj noob caj noob ces: Qhov no kuaj rau cov kev hloov pauv noob caj noob ces uas cuam tshuam nrog SADS.
• Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub tshuab khiav hauv lub tshuab khiav: Qhov no ntsuas seb lub plawv teb li cas rau kev tawm dag zog.
• Kev ntsuam xyuas catecholamine provocation: Ib qho tshuaj tshwj xeeb raug muab thiab lub plawv teb tau pom.
• Holter monitor: Ib lub cuab yeej uas sau cov plawv dhia tas li rau lub sijhawm li 24 teev.
• Echocardiogram: Qhov no yog kev ntsuas ultrasound uas saib cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv.
• Fetal ultrasound: Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau thaum tus menyuam tseem nyob hauv plab.
• Kev kuaj mob plawv los ntawm kev siv catheterization: Ib qho kev kuaj uas muab ib lub raj nyias nyias ntxig rau hauv lub plawv.
• Kev kawm txog hluav taws xob hauv lub cev: Hauv kev tshawb fawb no, cov xov hlau me me raug xa mus rau hauv lub plawv kom kuaj xyuas lub plawv lub zog hluav taws xob kom tob.

Cov kev kho mob rau SADS yog dab tsi?

Kev kho mob sib txawv nyob ntawm hom SADS, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub tseeb tias koj muaj hom twg.

Kev kho mob ntawm Brugada syndrome

• Lub tshuab ua kom lub plawv dhia ceev (ICD): Qhov no yog lub tshuab me me uas muab tso rau hauv qab daim tawv nqaij. Yog tias lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem, nws yuav siv hluav taws xob me me los pab kom lub plawv dhia rov qab zoo li qub.
• Cov tshuaj xws li Quinidine .
• Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj uas thaiv cov sodium hauv lub plawv.

Kev Kho Mob Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT)

• Cov neeg no tau muab ib hom tshuaj hu ua beta-blockers .
• Yog tias tsim nyog, yuav muaj ICD cog rau hauv.

Kev Kho Mob QT Syndrome Ntev (LQTS)

Qhov no ua tau nrog tej yam xws li tshuaj lossis phais:

• Cov tshuaj beta-blockers.
• Ib ICD .
• Kev phais mob sab laug ntawm lub plawv sympathetic denervation: Qhov no yog kev phais mob me me uas txiav thiab tshem tawm qee cov hlab ntsha autonomic uas mus rau lub plawv.
• Tsis txhob siv qee yam tshuaj uas ua rau lub sijhawm QT ntev dua ntawm koj lub EKG.

Kev Kho Mob QT Syndrome Luv (SQTS)

Muaj tshuaj thiab ib lub cuab yeej rau qhov no:

• Ib ICD .
• Quinidine.

Kev kho mob ntawm Timothy syndrome

Qhov no kuj siv tshuaj thiab ib lub cuab yeej:

• Cov tshuaj beta-blockers.
• Ib ICD .
• Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj uas ua rau lub sijhawm QT ntev dua ntawm koj lub EKG.

Kev kho mob Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW)

Cov tshuaj kho mob tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv cov tsos mob ntawm WPW. Kuj tseem muaj ib txoj kev kho mob hu ua ablation therapy . Qhov no rhuav tshem txoj kev hluav taws xob ntxiv. Qhov no qee zaum tuaj yeem kho WPW kom zoo. Cov kws kho mob kuj sau cov tshuaj hu ua antiarrhythmics kom txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv dhia tsis zoo.

Puas muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo rau cov kev kho mob no?

Yog, qee qhov kev kho mob tuaj yeem muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim me me.

• Qee tus neeg yuav muaj teeb meem ua siab ntev rau cov beta-blockers uas lawv tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg.
• Tom qab ntawd sab laug cardiac sympathetic denervation phais:
• Kev tawm hws txawv txawv.
• Tes qhuav.
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias lossis xim ntawm qee qhov chaw ntawm lub ntsej muag.
• Tiamsis qhov kev phais mob no tuaj yeem txhim kho lub neej zoo heev.
• Vim tias lub cuab yeej ICD xa hluav taws xob los kho lub plawv dhia, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tsis xis nyob me ntsis. Tsis tas li ntawd:
• Tej zaum yuav muaj kev kis kab mob.
• Lub cuab yeej yuav tsis ua haujlwm zoo.

Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj txo tau kuv txoj kev pheej hmoo? Puas tiv thaiv tau SADS?

Yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj SADS, lwm cov tswv cuab hauv tsev neeg yuav tsum ua CPR.Yog koj paub ua li cas, thiab yog koj muaj lub tshuab ua kom lub plawv dhia ceev (AED) hauv tsev, nws yuav ua rau ib tus neeg uas muaj SADS xis nyob heev. Vim tias nws zoo heev uas paub tias muaj ib tus neeg nyob ntawd los pab thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.

Txawm hais tias SADS tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau tag nrho los xij, yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg raug kuaj pom tias muaj tus mob no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau mus kuaj seb lawv puas muaj qhov kev hloov pauv caj ces. Koj tuaj yeem tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob kom txiav txim siab seb leej twg yuav tsum tau mus kuaj. Thaum ib tug neeg raug kuaj pom tias muaj tus mob no, cov kauj ruam tuaj yeem ua los tiv thaiv lawv, los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lossis lwm yam kev kho mob.

Yav tom ntej yuav zoo li cas rau ib tus neeg uas muaj SADS?

Nws yeej nyob ntawm seb koj muaj hom mob SADS twg, kuaj pom thaum twg, thiab pib kho sai npaum li cas. Nws yog ib yam mob uas yuav kho tau mus ib txhis , thiab qee zaum ua rau tuag taus .

Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) muaj kev xav zoo dua vim tias kev kho mob ablation tuaj yeem kho qhov teeb meem. Cov neeg uas tau kho rau tus kab mob QT ntev (LQTS) muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg dua ntawm kev tuag tam sim ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus neeg uas yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev phais sab laug ventricular tsis ua. Muaj kev tshawb fawb me ntsis txog cov mob xws li tus kab mob QT luv (SQTS) , vim tias tsuas muaj ob peb tug (kwv yees li 200) tus neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob no.

Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav ntxiv kom nrhiav tau cov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua tus neeg uas muaj SADS.

Kev cog ib lub ICD tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tuag sai sai ntawm lub plawv vim nws kho cov teeb meem plawv dhia tsis zoo. Txawm hais tias nws tsis kho tau qhov mob no, nws yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag los ntawm cov mob no.

Yog koj muaj SADS, koj yuav saib xyuas koj tus kheej li cas?

• Yog koj tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj rau koj noj, noj raws li tau sau tseg, tsis txhob ncua ib hnub. Ib yam li ntawd rau ib tug me nyuam uas muaj SADS. Lawv yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj raws sijhawm, thiab nws tsis yog lub tswv yim zoo kom hla ib koob tshuaj xwb.
• Ua ntej koj pib noj tshuaj tshiab, nug koj tus kws kho mob lossis kws muag tshuaj ua ntej. Muaj ntau yam tshuaj, suav nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xeev siab, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog koj cov tshuaj kho mob plawv. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm QT, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag tam sim ntawd rau ib tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob QT ntev.
• To taub seb koj (lossis koj tus menyuam) lub ICD ua haujlwm li cas. Tsis tas li ntawd, kom koj tus kws kho mob kuaj xyuas nws tsis tu ncua. Qee cov txheej txheem kho mob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm koj lub ICD. Yog li, paub tias yuav tsum zam dab tsi.
• Yog koj tus menyuam muaj SADS, nug tus kws kho mob seb nws puas ua tau kis las nrog nws tus mob.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob? Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus rau chav kho mob ceev?

Yog koj muaj SADS, kev kuaj mob tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Qhov no yog kom paub tseeb tias koj noj tshuaj kom raug. Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj SADS, qhov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv thaum nws loj hlob thiab hnyav zuj zus. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tseem ceeb rau cov menyuam yaus kom kuaj mob tsis tu ncua. Yog tias koj muaj ICD, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsawg kawg yog ob zaug hauv ib xyoos.

Yog muaj xwm txheej ceev:

• Yog tias ib tug neeg lub plawv nres , hu rau 911 (lossis tus xov tooj xwm txheej ceev hauv koj lub tebchaws) tam sim ntawd thiab ua CPR.
• Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no, mus rau chav kho mob ceev lossis hu 911 tam sim ntawd:
• Yog tias koj xav tias koj tsis muaj zog, kiv taub hau, lossis lub plawv dhia ceev.
• Yog tias koj mob hauv siab tam sim ntawd lossis ua pa nyuaj.

Cov lus nug tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nug koj tus kws kho mob yog dab tsi?

Yog tias koj lossis ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj SADS, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nug koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug no:

• Kuv muaj hom SADS twg?
• Koj xav kom muaj kev kho mob dab tsi rau kuv tus mob tshwj xeeb?
• Koj puas pab tau kuv xam seb leej twg hauv kuv tsev neeg yuav tsum tau kuaj qhov no?
• Kuv puas xav tau lub tshuab defibrillator?
• Puas muaj cov tshuaj twg uas kuv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nrog kuv tus mob?

Thaum kawg, nco ntsoov tej no!

Txawm hais tias SADS yog ib qho mob hnyav heev los, kev paub txog nws thiab ua cov kauj ruam zoo tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj thiab koj cov neeg koj hlub. Kev paub txog koj qhov kev kuaj mob tuaj yeem pab koj nkag siab txog koj cov kev xaiv. Ua haujlwm nrog koj tus kws kho mob kom txiav txim siab seb kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj lossis koj tus neeg koj hlub. Kev kuaj mob tsis tu ncua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj muaj ICD, yog qhov tseem ceeb. Muaj AED nyob hauv tsev thiab xyuas kom meej tias txhua tus paub siv nws thiab ua CPR tuaj yeem pab koj thiab koj tsev neeg. Tsis txhob ntshai, kev paub yog qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws.

` Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome, SADS, kab mob plawv, lub plawv dhia tsis zoo, cov kab mob caj ces, kev tuag tam sim ntawd, lub plawv hluav taws xob