Yu no bɔt dis smɔl shild we de bifo yu yay? Lɛ wi tɔk bɔt di kɔnia!

Yu dɔn ɛva wɔnda wetin na da rawnd, shayn, we tan lɛk glas pat na yu yay? Na dat wi kin kɔl di kɔnia. I tan lɛk smɔl shild we de protɛkt yu yay. Lɛ wi tɔk smɔl mɔ bɔt dis wɔndaful pat tide, nɔto so?

Wetin na dis kɔnia? Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan...

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, yu kɔnia na klia kɔva we tan lɛk dome we de bifo yu yay. Tink bɔt am lɛk di winda we de na motoka. Na in de stɔp tin lɛk dɔst ɛn jem fɔ go insay yu yay. I impɔtant bak fɔ yu vishɔn. I kin filta bak sɔm UV rayt dɛn we kin ambɔg pɔsin. Yu nɔ tink se i wɔndaful?

yu ayris de jכs bifo wan chεmba we fulכp wit wata insay yu yay (dεn kכl am ``Anterior Chamber``, we gεt wan wata we dεn kכl ``Aqueous Humor``). Dɔn di ``Iris`` we de gi yu yay in kɔlɔ, di ``Pupil``, ɛn afta dat di lens de insay yu yay. we de rawnd yu ayris na di wayt pat pan yu yay, di ``Sclera``.

Infakt, di skin na di fɔs difens we kin kam na wi maynd. Na dat mek i kin gɛt smɔl smɔl aksidɛnt ɛn damej. Bɔt gud nyus de! Yu skin gɛt di wɔndaful pawa fɔ mek insɛf fayn.

Wetin na di layers na di kɔnia?

Imajin, insay dis smɔl ɔgan, siks ɔda layers de. Ɛni layt gɛt spɛshal wok. Lɛ wi si wetin dɛn bi?

• Epithelium: Dis na di layt we de na do pas ɔl na di yay. I de wok lɛk barɛri bitwin di insay pat na di yay ɛn di ɔda wɔl. I kin rili fil pen bak. Risach pipul dɛn se i gɛt 300 to 600 tɛm mɔ pen riseptɔ pas yu skin! Dis sɛnsitiviti kin rili protɛkt pɔsin. Bikɔs yu kin fil we sɔntin nɔ fayn na yu yay, yu kin stɔp am kwik kwik wan ɔ pul am.
• Bowman in layεr: Dis na strכng layεr we dεn mek mכst wit kolagen. I de gi di kɔnia in strɔkchɔ ɛn ɛp am fɔ kɔntinyu fɔ gɛt in shep.
• Stroma: Dis na di layt we tik pas ɔl na di kɔnia. I de mek bak di strɔkchɔ na di kɔnia strɔng. I de ɛp bak fɔ bɛn (refract) layt ɛn fos am pan yu retina.
• Prε-Descemet in layεr (PDL): dεn kכl dis bak "Dua in layεr". Risach dɔn sho se dis na layt we nɔ de mek di briz nɔ go insay. Dat min se na wan rili strɔng tin we de ambɔg di wata we de insay di yay ɛn di briz we de na di ɔda wɔl.
• Descemet in layt: Dis layt na tin ɛn i kin chenj, bɔt i strɔng pasmak. I rili impɔtant fɔ di we aw di yay tan. I de ɛp bak fɔ protɛkt di yay frɔm injury ɛn infɛkshɔn.
• εndoteyl: dis layεr de fכs rispansabl fכ mεnten di bεlε fכ di wata we de na di vitreous εn intraokular spεs. i de mek sכh bak se di stroma gεt di rayt wata εn fכluid we i nid fכ wok fayn fayn wan.

Pan ɔl we ɛni layt gɛt in yon wok, di rial trɛnk we di glas gɛt kɔmɔt frɔm di we aw ɔl dɛn layt dɛn ya de wok togɛda. I tan lek di "laminate glass" o "safety glass" we de na motoka winda. Na de wan tin layt plastic de bitwin tu layt glas, nɔto so? Na so i bi.

Frɔm ustɛm dis wɔl gɛt siks layers?

Akchuali, dis `(Pre-Descemet's layer)` bin diskova no long taim bifo. Di fɔs risach pepa pan am bin kɔmɔt insay 2013. Sɔm masta sabi pipul dɛn stil gɛt smɔl kɔntroversi fɔ no if dis na sɛpret layt, ɔ pat pan di `(Stroma)`. (Dat bin de tink bifo, bɔt nyu risach dɔn sho se dis kin difrɛn).

כltu, di risach we dεn de du naw sho se sεvεra imכtant difrεns de bitwin di PDL εn di rεst כf di stroma. Naw, di dɔktɔ dɛn we de du ɔpreshɔn pan di yay kin tink bɔt di PDL (ilɛksɛf dɛn tink bɔt am as sɛpret layt ɔ nɔto so) we dɛn de plan fɔ ɔpreshɔn di kɔnia.

Wetin na di kɔmɔn sik dɛm wae kin afɛkt di kɔnia?

Bikɔs yu vagina na say we rili sɛnsitiv, i kin izi fɔ gɛt injury, infɛkshɔn, ɛn ɔda sik dɛn. Na sɔm ɛgzampul dɛn ya:

• Dray yay: kray wata impɔtant fɔ mek di εpitel wok fayn fayn wan. Kray wata de mek di yay gɛt mɔs ɛn ɛp am fɔ tek ɔksijɛn frɔm di briz. Dray yay kin mek yu fil pen ɛn i kin mek yu nɔ ebul fɔ si.
• Infεkshכn: If di kכnia sεf dεn dכn pwεl, jεm dεm – vayrus, baktri, fכn εn parasayt dεm – kin izi fכ mek infεkshכn. Wan ɛgzampul na di parasayt infɛkshɔn we dɛn kɔl Acanthamoeba keratitis.
• Keratitis: Keratitis, ɔ inflamɛns na di kɔnia, kin kam bikɔs ɔf infekshɔn, injury, ɛn difrɛn sik dɛn.
• Injury: Jɔs lɛk motoka winda, yu yay kin pwɛl bikɔs ɔf tin dɛn we de na do ɛn tin dɛn we kin apin. Dis kin mek i gɛt abrasion, lacerations, ɔlsa, ɛn erosion. Imajin aw i go mek yu fil pen if wan smɔl dɔst go insay yu yay!
• Envayrɔmɛnt damej: Yu skin kin rili fil fɔ wam ɛn kol pasmak. Bɔn na di skin (frɔm ɔt ɔ ɔltra vayolɛt raytin) na kɔmɔn tin. Kεmikכl dεm (likwid כ gas) kin mek dεn damej bak.
• Strukchɔral sik dɛn `(Dystrophies)`:Sɔm sik dɛn de we kin afɛkt di we aw di kɔnia tan, di we aw i gɛt sɔntin fɔ du wit di kɔnia, ɔ ɔl tu. dεn kכmכn fכ kכl dεn kכndyushכn dεm ya ``Kכnia distrofi''. i pas twɛnti dis kayn sik dεm, εgzampl dεm na ``Keratoconus'' εn ``Fuchs' dystrophy''.

Wetin na di tritmɛnt fɔ di kɔnia kɔndishɔn?

Bɔku tritmɛnt dɛn de fɔ di wan dɛn we gɛt urinary tract. Sɔm pan dɛn na:

• Di mɛrɛsin dɛn we dɛn kin bay na kɔt: Dɛn kin pul simpul prɔblɛm dɛn lɛk smɔl ay iritashɔn ɛn yay we dray wit simpul mɛrɛsin dɛn we yu kin bay na famasi ɔ supamakit.
• Mɛrɛsin: Dɛn kin trit bɔku pan di sik dɛn na di skin, mɔ di wan dɛn we gɛt infɛkshɔn, wit mɛrɛsin. Bɔku pan dɛn tin ya kin kam lɛk krim ɔ ay drɔp. Sɔm dɛn de bak as pils fɔ tek yu mɔt.
• Kɔva ɔ tritmɛnt we pɔsin kin wɛr: Di simpul ɛgzampul na fɔ yuz ay pat fɔ protɛkt di yay ɛn kip am lɔk te di wund wɛl. di mכr komplεks tritmεnt dεm na di skleral lεns dεm, bεndεj kכntakt lεns dεm, εn amniotic membrane grafts.
• Laser ɔpreshɔn: Dɛn ɔpreshɔn ya na ɔpreshɔn fɔ kɔrɛkt pɔsin in yay. Dɛn kin yuz lɛsa bim fɔ chenj di shep we di kɔnia gɛt ɛn fɔ fos layt difrɛn we. LASIK na wan kayn ɔpreshɔn we dɛn kin du wit lɛsa.
• Ɔpreshɔn fɔ di yay: Dɛn ɔpreshɔn ya kin ɛp bɔku we dɛn, mɔ fɔ mek di tin dɛn we dɔn pwɛl ɛn kɔrɛkt sɔm tin dɛn we de apin na di yay.
• Kɔnia transplant ɔ atifishal kɔnia plesmɛnt: As tɛm de go, yu kɔnia kin bi klawd ɔ nɔ kin fos layt fayn fayn wan. We dɛn prɔblɛm ya kin tranga, yu kin nid fɔ du ɔpreshɔn fɔ chenj yu kɔnia.

Impɔtant: De tritmɛnt opshɔn dɛm wae kin ɛp fɔ gɛt ay kɔndishɔn dipen pan bɔku tin dɛm. Yu patikyula sik, yu mɛdikal histri, ɛn yu yon prɔblɛm ɔl kin ɛp yu. So, yu ɔftalmolɔg ɔr wɛl bɔdi prɔvayda na di bɛst pɔrsin fɔ lan mɔr bɔt di tritmɛnt opshɔn dɛm wae fayn fɔ yu.

Aw a go protɛkt mi kɔnia frɔm bad tin?

Di impɔtant we fɔ protɛkt yu yay frɔm aksidɛnt na fɔ wɛr sef glas ɔ gɔgl . Ivin if na jɔs fɔ wan ɔ tu mɔnt, i kin jɔs tek sɔm sɛkɔn fɔ mek pɔsin in yay wund.

Yu fɔ rili wɛr tin fɔ protɛkt yu yay insay dɛn tɛm ya:

• We yu de wok wit tul ɛn mashin dɛn:Dis na kɔmɔn tin fɔ ɔl tu di simpul an tul dɛn ɛn pawa tul dɛn. Ivin sɔntin we simpul lɛk fɔ sand wud wit sand pepa we nɔ gɛt protɛkshɔn kin mek yu yay strɛch ɔ wund we yu nɔ nid.
• Gadin ɛn gadin wok: Lif dɔti, gras we dɛn kɔt, rɔk, ɛn dɔti ɔl kin denja to yu yay we yu de wok na gadin ɔ yad. Dis kin apin bak wit tul ɛn mashin dɛn we kin ɛp fɔ mek gadin, lɛk mashin dɛn we de kɔt lawn, tin dɛn we dɛn kin kɔt string (ɔ tin dɛn we kin it gras), chen saw, ɛn mashin dɛn we dɛn kin blo lif.
• We yu de yuz kɔmprɛsd ɛya ɔ wata: Tu ɛgzampul dɛn na fɔ was yu saydwɔk wit prɛshɔn ɔ fɔ yuz kɔmprɛsd ɛya fɔ pul dɔst insay kɔmpyuta ɔ ɔda ilɛktronik tin. Di prɛshɔn we de apin na ɔl tu di kes dɛn kin izi fɔ mek smɔl smɔl ston, dɔti, ɔ dɔst bi bad bad tin.
• We yu de yuz kemikal na os ɔ na wokples: Ivin kɔmɔn kemikal dɛn lɛk blich ɛn dreyn klin kin izi fɔ splash na yu yay, ilɛksɛf yu tek tɛm.
• We yu de wok nia di say dɛm we di wam wam de wam ɛn di faya we opin: Di pen risepta dɛm na yu yay kin fil mɔ to ɔt pas di risepta dɛm na yu skin. Di tin dɛn we yu kin yuz fɔ protɛkt yu yay kin ɛp fɔ protɛkt yu frɔm di prɔblɛm we kin kam bikɔs ɔf di smok ɔ di damej we smok kin kam wit faya.
• We yu gɛt UV raytin: UV rayt we de kɔmɔt na wata ɛn say dɛn we sno kɔba kin bɔn yu kɔnia. Dis kin mek di kɔnia flash bɔn ɔ fotokeratitis.
• We yu de ple spɔt: Aywɛr we de protɛkt yu kin protɛkt yu frɔm tin dɛn we de flay. Dis kin apin to spɔt dɛn lɛk baysbɔl, tɛnis, ɔki, pikbɔl, ɛn rɛkɛtbɔl. Dɔn bak, yu fɔ wɛr aylayt ɔltɛm we yu de ple spɔt we yu want fɔ ple (archery, trap shooting, skeet shooting).

Sɔm ɔda impɔtant advays dɛn fɔ mek yu nɔ gɛt aksidɛnt:

• Rid di instrɔkshɔn dɛn: Dis kin apin to mashin ɛn kemikal dɛn. Kεmikכl lεbul dεm go tεl yu wetin fכ du if dεn go insay yu yay (εn i izi fכ rid lεbul if natin nכ go insay yu yay). Na nɔmal tin fɔ want fɔ go stret na wokples, bɔt if yu stɔp fɔ rid di lɛbl, dat kin mek big difrɛns.
• Yuz di rayt kayn tin fɔ protɛkt yu yay: Sef glas we gɛt sayd panɛl ɔ shild kin protɛkt yu frɔm dɔti we de flay frɔm pipul dɛn we de wok nia yu. Gɔgl we gɛt sɔft plastic ed dɛn we fit fayn fayn wan pan yu fes na in bɛtɛ fɔ mek kemikal ɛn smok nɔ go insay yu yay.
• Mek shɔ se yu ay protɛkshɔn de wok fayn:Aywea we de protɛkt yu nɔ gɛt wan yus if i nɔ de protɛkt yu. So mek shɔ se yu aywe fit fɔ wetin yu de du. Insay say dɛn we bɔku san de shayn, mek shɔ se yu sanglas gɛt polarized lens. Dɛn bɛtɛ fɔ blok UV rayt pas jɔs tint lens.
• Was yu an ɔltɛm we yu de kuk, yuz tul ɔ kemikal: Ilɛksɛf yu de wok wit bad bad tin dɛn na di kichin ɔ yu de du wok na os, i izi fɔ mek yu an we yu nɔ was, i izi fɔ transfa kemikal, smɔl smɔl tin dɛn, ɛn dɔti tin dɛn na yu yay.
• Yu fɔ go to dɔktɔ ɔltɛm fɔ bɔn na yu yay ɔ rawnd yu yay: Ivin smɔl bɔn, if i apin nia yu yay ɔ na yu yay, yu fɔ trit am fayn. Ɔltɛm mek mistek pan di sayd fɔ tek tɛm we yu de aks fɔ dɔktɔ.
• Nɔ risk fɔ drayv wit ay injury: If yu gɛt ɛni chenj na yu yay ɔ ɛni ay simptom we yu tink se kin bi bikɔs ɔf injury, nɔ drayv. Yu nɔ want fɔ put yusɛf ɔ ɔda pipul dɛn pan denja.

Aw a go mek mi kɔnia gɛt wɛlbɔdi?

Yu kin du dɛn tin ya fɔ protɛkt yusɛf frɔm sik ɛn sɔm tin dɛn:

• Gɛt ɛgzam fɔ yu yay ɔltɛm: Dɛn tin ya kin ɛp yu fɔ no di prɔblɛm dɛn we de afɛkt yu yay (ɛn yu yay in jɔnaral) bifo di sayn dɛn sho.
• Wash yu an ɔltɛm (ivin we yu nɔ de tɔch tin dɛn we go mek yu yay vɛks): Dis kin ɛp fɔ mek yu nɔ gɛt smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl smɔl.
• Nɔ sheb tin lɛk mek-ap wit ɔda pipul dɛn: We yu sheb dɛn tin ya, i kin mek yu gɛt ay infɛkshɔn.
• Wear, stoa, ɛn mentein kɔntakt lens fayn fayn wan: Dis rili impɔtant bikɔs i de protɛkt yu yay frɔm siriɔs infɛkshɔn. Sɔm infɛkshɔn kin mek yu yay pwɛl bad bad wan ɛn ivin mek yu nɔ si fayn fɔ ɔltɛm.
• Nɔ tɔch ɔ rɔb yu yay: Dis inklud fɔ rɔb yu yay oba yu yaylid. Dɛn tin ya kin pwɛl ɔ wik di say we di kɔnia de we yu nɔ no.

Us sayn dɛn na di yay we de sho se yu nid fɔ go to dɔktɔ?

Bɔku sayn ɔ chenj dɛn de we kin sho se yu fɔ go to dɔktɔ. Dɛn tin ya na:

• Vishɔn kin chenj, lɛk fɔ si tu tɛm, fɔ blɔk, ɛn fɔ chenj di we aw yu de si.
• I nɔ de si fayn wantɛm wantɛm.
• Fɔ fil lɛk se sɔntin de na di yay (if yu kin si di tin ɔ yu nɔ kin si am – kin kɔmɔt frɔm smɔl diskɔmfɔt to bad bad pen we yu nɔ go ebul fɔ bia).
• Fɔrin tin we yu kin si, bɔt nɔ ebul fɔ pul am yuz di rayt we.
• Ay pen.
• Yay dɛn we gɛt wata (Epiphora).
• Sɛnsitiviti to layt (Fotophobia).
• Rɛd ɔ inflamɛns na di yay.
• If yu si blɔd ɔ wata biɛn ɔ insay yu yay, bɔt bifo ɔ ausayd di `(Iris)` ɔ `(Pupil)`.
• If yu gɛt hit dairekt na di yay ɔ rawnd di yay.
• Ɔl, wata, ɔ wund we yu kin si na yu yay ɔ na yu yay.

Bɔt dis list nɔ kɔmplit. We yu gɛt dawt, mek mistek ɔltɛm na di say we yu fɔ tek tɛm. If yu du dat, dat kin mek big difrɛns fɔ protɛkt yu yay.

Wetin yu kin du if sɔntin kam na yu yay?

If yu fil se sɔntin nɔ fayn na yu yay, nɔ panik ɛn tek dip briz. Na sɔm gud tin dɛn fɔ du ɛn sɔm tin dɛn we yu nɔ fɔ du:

Gud tin dɛn fɔ du:

• Fɔs, was yu an dɛn fayn fayn wan wit sop.
• Tray fɔ was yu yay jisnɔ wit klin wata. Mek sɔm wata flɔ insay di yay.
• If i pɔsibul, luk insay miro ɛn si if yu ebul fɔ si ɛnitin insay yu yay.
• Aks ɔda pɔsin fɔ luk am fɔ yu.
• If na smɔl tin, muv yu yay rawnd ɛn blink fɔ si if i go go fɔ insɛf.
• If no we nɔ de fɔ pul am, if yu yay de at, ɔ if yu nɔ de si fayn, go to dɔktɔ wantɛm wantɛm .

Tin dɛn we yu nɔ fɔ du:

• Nɔ ɛva rɔb yu yay! If yu du dat, i kin push di tin dip insay yu yay ɔ skrach yu kɔnia.
• Nɔ tray fɔ pik yu yay wit tin dɛn we shap (lɛk stik ɔ siza).
• Nɔ tɔch yu yay wit dɔti an ɔ klos.
• If yu nɔ ebul fɔ pul am yusɛf, nɔ tray fɔ fos am.

Yu kin si we yu nɔ gɛt kɔnia?

Nɔ, na yu kɔnia de bɛn layt ɛn put am pan di retina we de biɛn yu yay. I de protɛkt ɔda pat dɛn bak na yu yay we gɛt sɛns. So, if i nɔ bin de, yu yay nɔ bin fɔ ebul fɔ si fayn.

Aw lɔng i kin tek fɔ mek di kɔnia we dɔn pwɛl wɛl?

Yu yay gɛt wɔndaful pawa fɔ mɛn insɛf. Smɔl smɔl injury dɛn na di yay kin wɛl insay sɔm awa. Sɔm injury kin tek sɔm dez fɔ wɛl. Insay tin dɛn we nɔ kɔmɔn ɔ we spɛshal, i kin tek lɔng tɛm. Yu yay dɔktɔ na di bɛst pɔsin fɔ tɔk to bɔt di rayt tɛm fɔ mek yu wɛl, ɛn wetin yu kin du fɔ mek yu wɛl fayn fayn wan.

Yu kɔnia de protɛkt di insay pat pan yu yay, ɛn i ful-ɔp wit di nɛv ɛnd dɛn. We dɛn de wok fayn, sɔntɛm yu nɔ kin ivin tink bɔt dɛn. Bɔt if sɔntin nɔ apin to wan pan dɛn ɔ dɛn ɔl tu, i kin so tranga dat yu nɔ go ebul fɔ tink bɔt ɛni ɔda tin.

Bɔt gud tin na dat, yu yay gɛt wɔndaful pawa fɔ wɛl, ɛn bɔku pan di wund dɛn kin wɛl insay sɔm dez, sɔm tɛm dɛn kin ivin wɛl. Bɔt dat nɔ go apin if yu nɔ du wetin yu nid fɔ du fɔ kia fɔ dɛn. If yu gɛt prɔblɛm we de afɛkt yu yay, tɔk to dɔktɔ we de mɛn yu yay. Dɔn bak, mek dɛn de chɛk yu yay ɔltɛm. If yu tek kia ɔf yu yay, dat kin ɛp fɔ protɛkt di insay pat pan yu yay ɛn ɛp yu fɔ si.

Wetin wi nid fɔ lan frɔm dis (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, so na sɔm pan di impɔtant tin dɛn we yu nid fɔ mɛmba frɔm wetin wi dɔn tɔk bɔt tide:

• Yu kɔnia na tin we rili valyu, we kin mek yu yay fil fayn. I tan lɛk di winda we de na motoka.
• I mek wit sɔm layers, ɛvri wan gɛt wan patikyula wok. Tugɛda, dɛn de protɛkt di yay ɛn ɛp yu fɔ si klia wan.
• I kin izi fɔ mek di skin pwɛl, i kin gɛt di sik, ɛn i kin gɛt difrɛn sik dɛn, so i rili impɔtant fɔ tek kia ɔf am.
• Yu kin protɛkt yusɛf bay we yu de du simpul tin dɛn lɛk fɔ wɛr sef glas, was yu an, ɛn yuz kɔntakt lens fayn fayn wan.
• If yu notis ɛnitin we nɔ kɔmɔn na yu yay (pen, yu nɔ de si fayn, yu de rɛd), go to dɔktɔ wantɛm wantɛm. If yu no am kwik kwik wan, i izi fɔ trit.
• Nɔ fɔgɛt fɔ du ɛgzam fɔ yu yay ɔltɛm.

Yu yay na wan pan di valyu tin dɛn we yu gɛt, so na yu wok fɔ kia fɔ dɛn fayn fayn wan.

` Sklera, kɔnia, ay wɛlbɔdi, ay sik, ay protɛkshɔn, ay layers, ay tritmɛnt