Yu dɔn ɛva tink se wi bɔdi kin fɛt kansa fɔ insɛf? Infakt, wi bɔdi gɛt wan rili kleva difɛns sistɛm we dɛn kɔl di imyun sistɛm. I gɛt wan spɛshal pat pan am we dɛn kɔl T-sɛl, we tan lɛk sojaman dɛn. Dɛn wok na fɔ fɛn ɛn pwɛl fɔrina jem ɛn sɛl dɛn we dɔn chenj we de kam insay di bɔdi. Bɔt sɔntɛnde, kansa sɛl dɛn kin rili kɔni. Dɛn kin ayd frɔm dɛn T sɛl ya, trik dɛn ɛn gro insay di bɔdi. Na dɛn kayn tɛm ya, wi go tɔk bɔt wan nyu, wɔndaful tritmɛnt we de ɛp wi yon T sɛl dɛn fɔ no ɛn pwɛl di kansa sɛl dɛn bay we wi de gi dɛn "spɛshal trenin."
Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, wetin na CAR T-sɛl tɛrapi?
Pan ɔl we di nem kin tan lɛk se i kɔmplikt, di kɔnsɛpt rili simpul. CAR T-sεl tεrapi na wan kayn imyuno tεrapi. I min fɔ tek sɔm pan yu yon T sɛl dɛn ɛn chenj dɛn jɛnɛtiks na lɛbɔtri.
Tink bɔt yu T sɛl dɛn as polis ɔfisa dɛn. Kansa sɛl dɛn tan lɛk tifman dɛn we de mek lɛk se dɛn nɔ gɛt wanwɔd. Bɔku tɛm, di polis dɛn nɔ kin ebul fɔ no dɛn tifman ya. CAR T-cell therapy tan lɛk fɔ gi yu polis ɔfisa dɛn (T cells) spɛshal glas. Dɛn kɔl dis miro ‘Chimeric Antigen Receptor’ (CAR) . i de mek am na di lab εn i de atak di T sεl dεm.
naw, we dεn put dis spεshal miro, di T sεl dεm kin ebul fכ no spεshal protin dεm (antijen) dεm we de na di kεnsar sεl dεm. Di kansa sɛl dɛn we bin dɔn ayd bifo, dɔn de klia wan naw. Dɔn di T sɛl dɛn we dɔn gɛt dɛn pawa dɛn ya kin go dairekt fɔ atak di kansa sɛl dɛn ɛn pwɛl dɛn. Dis tritmɛnt kin ɛp fɔ mɛn sɔm kayn blɔd kansa kpatakpata ɛn fɔ ɛp ɔda pipul dɛn fɔ liv lɔng wit kansa.
Us kayn blɔd kansa dis tritmɛnt de trit?
Naw, dɛn de yuz CAR T-sɛl tɛrapi fɔ sɔm kayn blɔd kansa nɔmɔ we nɔ dɔn ansa ɔda tritmɛnt dɛn (lɛk kemotɛrapi) ɔ we dɔn kam bak afta tritmɛnt. Bikɔs i stil rili nyu tritmɛnt, dɛn nɔ kin gi am to ɔl di kansa dɛn.
Di tebul we de dɔŋ ya de sho us kayn kansa dɛn dɔn gri fɔ dis tritmɛnt naw.
| Tayp fɔ Kansa | Tɔk bɔt |
|---|---|
| B-sεl akyu limfoblastik lukimiya (ALL) . | B-sεl akyu limfoblastik lukimiya |
| Difεs big B-sεl limfoma | Difεs big B-sεl limfoma |
| Fɔlikul limfoma | Fɔlikul limfoma |
| Ay-grɛd B-sɛl limfoma | Ay-grɛd B-sɛl limfoma |
| Mantɛl sɛl limfoma | Mantɛl sɛl limfoma |
| Bɔku bɔku mayloma | Bɔku bɔku mayloma |
| Praymari mεdiεstinal big B-sεl limfoma | Praymari mεdiεstinal big B-sεl limfoma |
Aw dis tritmɛnt prɔses kin apin?
Dis ɔl di prɔses kin apin insay sɔm step dɛn. I tan lɛk se dɛn de tren sojaman dɛn fɔ fɛt wɔ ɛn afta dat dɛn sɛn dɛn bak na di say usay dɛn de fɛt.
Step 1: Fɔ gɛda yu T sɛl dɛn
Fɔs, yu bɔdi nid fɔ gɛda wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn, mɔ di T sɛl dɛn. dis kin bi tru wan prכsεs we dεn k כl lukafεresis . Dis min se yu fɔ sɛn yu blɔd tru wan mashin, we de sheb di wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn nɔmɔ, ɛn gi di ɔda blɔd bak to yu bɔdi. Dis tan lɛk we pɔsin de gi blɔd, bɔt na wan pat pan di blɔd nɔmɔ dɛn kin tek ɛn gi di ɔda wan bak.
2. Step: Send di T sel dεm to di lab εn modify dεm
nεks, dεn kin sεnd di T sεl dεm we dεn tek frכm yu to wan spεshal lab. Na de, sayɛnsman dɛn kin yuz jenɛtik injinɛri fɔ put di CAR (Chimeric Antigen Receptor) we wi bin dɔn tɔk bɔt fɔs insay di T sɛl dɛn. afta dat, dεn de gro dεn nyu supa-pawa CAR T sεl dεm ya na di lab te dεn gεt plεnti milyan dεm. Dis prɔses kin tek tri to siks wiks.I kin tek sɔm tɛm.
3. Step: Fɔ pripia yu bɔdi
Te dɛn mek di CAR T-sɛl dɛn na di lab, yu dɔktɔ kin gi yu ɔda tritmɛnt dɛn (bridging therapy), lɛk kemotɛrapi, fɔ kɔntrol yu kansa.
Dɔn, sɔm dez bifo dɛn gi yu di nyu CAR T-sɛl dɛn we dɛn dɔn mek, dɛn go gi yu wan smɔl doz kemotɛrapi. Dɛn kɔl am lymphodepleting kemotɛrapi . dis de wok bay we i de dכn di imyun sεl dεm we de na yu bכdi, we de mek bεtεh envayroment fכ di nyu, supa CAR T-sεl dεm fכ wok.
4. Step: Fɔ gi bak di supa T sɛl dɛn to di bɔdi
Dis na di men tin we go apin. jכs lεk we yu gi salin sכlushכn, di nyu CAR T-sεl dεm we dεn mek dεn de injεkt insay yu bכdi tru wan vein (intravenous line - IV). Dis kin tek bitwin 5 ɛn 30 minit. We dɛn sɛl ya go insay di bɔdi, dɛn kin bigin fɔ bɔku fɔ dɛnsɛf, ɛn dɛn kin fɛn di kansa sɛl dɛn ɛn pwɛl dɛn. Bikɔs dɛn sɛl ya kin de na di bɔdi fɔ lɔng tɛm ɛn fɛt kansa, sɔm pipul dɛn kin kɔl dis tritmɛnt "living drug."
Wetin kin apin afta dɛn dɔn trit am? Wetin na di prɔblɛm dɛn we kin apin?
Bikɔs dis na tritmɛnt we rili strɔng, sɔntɛnde, siriɔs sayd ɛfɛkt kin apin. So, yu go gɛt fɔ de na di ɔspitul fɔ lɛk wan wik to tɛn dez afta di tritmɛnt. Dɔktɔ ɛn nɔs dɛn go de wach yu gud gud wan.
Di tin we impɔtant pas ɔl na fɔ de nia di ɔspitul usay yu bin gɛt tritmɛnt fɔ di fɔs mɔnt afta yu kɔmɔt na di ɔspitul. Dɔn bak, yu fɔ gɛt pɔsin wit yu 24 awa ɛvride . Dɔn bak, i nɔ fayn fɔ drayv fɔ tu mɔnt .
Men Sayd Ɛfɛkt dɛn
Tu men ɛn kɔmɔn sayd ɛfɛkt dɛn de we dis tritmɛnt kin gɛt. Pan ɔl we dɛn tin ya kin denja, di tim dɛn we de mɛn pipul dɛn kin gɛt ɔl wetin dɛn nid fɔ trit dɛn.
| Tayp fɔ di sayd ɛfɛkt | Sɔm sayn dɛn we kin apin |
|---|---|
| Saytokin Rilis Sindrom wan pawaful imyun rεspכns we de apin na di bכdi we di CAR T-sεl dεm de pwεl di kεnsar sεl dεm. |
|
| Nyurolɔjik Isyu dɛn Ifekt pan di bren ɛn di nervɔs sistɛm. | |
| Ɔda sayd ɛfɛkt dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt | |
| |
Aw dis tritmɛnt kin wok fayn?
CAR T-cell therapy dɔn briŋ nyu op to bɔku pipul dɛn we de fɛt wit blɔd kansa, mɔ di wan dɛn we nɔ dɔn du ɔda tritmɛnt dɛn.
- Fɔ ɛgzampul, pas 85% pan di pikin dɛn we bin gɛt dis tritmɛnt fɔ childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) bin gɛt kɔmplit rɛmishɔn fɔ dɛn kansa afta dɛn dɔn trit dɛn. Ɛn, 60% pan dɛn bin stil nɔ gɛt kansa wan ia afta dɛn dɔn trit dɛn.
Bɔt wi nid fɔ ɔndastand se dis nɔto majik mɛrɛsin-ɔl we go wok 100% fɔ ɔlman. Fɔ sɔm pipul dɛn, dis tritmɛnt go mɛn dɛn kansa kpatakpata. Fɔ ɔda pipul dɛn, i go ɛp dɛn fɔ kɔntrol dɛn kansa ɛn liv lɔng. Dɔn bak, fɔ sɔm pipul dɛn, dis tritmɛnt nɔ kin wok fayn.
Dis teknɔlɔji stil de evolv. Risach pipul dɛm ɔlsay na di wɔl de tray ɔltɛm fɔ mek dis tritmɛnt bɛtɛ, fɔ ridyus di sayd ɛfɛkt dɛm, ɛn si if dɛn kin yuz am fɔ ɔda kayn kansa.
Ustɛm yu fɔ go to dɔktɔ?
Di sayd ɛfɛkt dɛm wae dis tritmɛnt kin gɛt, mɔr lɛk di Cytokine Release Syndrome ɛn di prɔblɛm dɛm wae kin kam wit nyurolɔjik, kin mek pɔrsin in layf de pan denja . So bifo yu kɔmɔt na ɔspitul, aks yu dɔktɔ us sayn dɛn yu fɔ no mɔ bɔt.
If yu gɛt sayn dɛn lɛk fiva, kol, ed we de at, ɛn nɔys, dat kin bi sayn fɔ se yu gɛt siriɔs sik. If na so, kɔl yu dɔktɔ wantɛm wantɛm ɔ go na di ɔspitul in Imejɛnsi Dipatmɛnt (ETU).
If yu ɔ pɔsin we yu sabi gɛt blɔd kansa, tɔk to yu dɔktɔ bɔt if CAR T-cell therapy fayn fɔ yu. Pan ɔl we dis tritmɛnt nɔto fɔ ɔlman, i kin chenj in layf fɔ di rayt pɔsin.
Mɛsej we dɛn kin kɛr go na os
- CAR T-sεl tεrapi na "liv mεdisin" we de tכn yu כwn imyun T sεl dεm to supa sεl dεm we de kil kεnsar sεl dεm.
- Naw, dɛn kin jɔs yuz dis fɔ sɔm kayn blɔd kansa usay ɔda tritmɛnt dɛn nɔ wok.
- di prכsεs na fכ kכlekt yu sεl dεm, mכdify dεm na di lab, εn gi dεm bak na yu bכdi.
- Bikɔs siriɔs sayd ɛfɛkt kin apin afta tritmɛnt, i impɔtant fɔ de ɔnda dɔktɔ ɔltɛm na di ɔspitul.
- Pan ɔl we dis tritmɛnt de briŋ nyu op to bɔku pipul dɛn, i impɔtant fɔ ɔndastand se i nɔ de gi ɔlman fɔ gɛt garanti fɔ mɛn am.
- Na yu dɔktɔ we de mɛn kansa nɔmɔ go disayd if dis tritmɛnt fayn fɔ yu, so tɔk to am klia wan ɛn tɔk tru bɔt ɔltin.
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