Ka tuyige ku magumba agasinga obukulu mu makkati g’omubiri gwaffe: amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu.

Omanyi amagumba ge tulina mu mibiri gyaffe? Omuntu omukulu owa bulijjo alina amagumba nga 206. Amagumba gano gaawuddwamu ebitundu bibiri ebikulu. Ekimu ye nkola yo ey’amagumba agayambako, ate endala ye nkola yo ey’amagumba aga axial. Leero tugenda kwogera ku nkola eno ey’amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu. Mu ngeri ennyangu, kino kye kitundu ky’omubiri gwaffe ekiri wakati, ng’omugongo.

Amagumba g’ekyekulungirivu (axial skeleton) kye ki?

Amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu (axial skeleton) y’enkola y’amagumba agasengekeddwa ku kisenge ky’omubiri gwo ekyesimbye, kwe kugamba, butereevu wansi wakati. Kilowoozeeko ng’ekikolo ky’omuti, kye kikola omusingi omukulu, omusingi gw’omubiri gwaffe ogw’omu makkati. Ekigambo "axial" kiva mu kigambo "axis," ekitegeeza "axis" oba "middle line." Kale amagumba gano gasangibwa ku mabbali g’omusingi gw’omubiri gwaffe ogw’omu makkati.

Njawulo ki eriwo wakati w’enkola y’amagumba aga axial ne accessory skeletal systems?

Kati olina ekibuuzo, njawulo ki eriwo wakati w’amagumba aga axial n’amagumba aga appendicular? Kyangu nnyo. Amagumba agayitibwa axial skeleton ge magumba agali mu mutwe gwo, mu bulago, mu mugongo gwo, ne mu kifuba . Amagumba amalala gonna, kwe kugamba, amagumba agakwata ku magumba ag’ekyekulungirivu, ga magumba ga appendicular . Ng’ekyokulabirako, ebibegabega byo, ebisambi byo, emikono gyo, engalo, amagulu n’ebigere byonna bya magumba g’omubiri (appendicular skeleton). Mu ngeri ennyangu, amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu gali wakati, ate amagumba g’omugongo (appendicular skeleton) gegakwatako ne gasaasaana ng’amatabi.

Omulimu omukulu ogw’amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu gwe guliwa?

Kale mulimu ki omukulu ogw’ensengekera eno ey’amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu? Kilowoozeeko ng’obuwagizi obukulu mu mubiri gwaffe.

Amagumba gano aga axial gakuuma obwongo bwo, omugongo, n’ebitundu ebikulu munda mu mubiri gwo, ne bibawa obukuumi obulinga omutto.

Ate era, ebinywa ebitambuza omutwe gwo, ensingo yo, n’omubiri gwo bikwatagana n’enkola eno y’emu ey’amagumba. Ebinywa ebikuyamba okussa n’ebinywa ebiyamba okukuuma ebitundu ebimu eby’enkola y’amagumba agayambako nga binywevu nabyo bikwatagana ne kino. Mu ngeri endala, eno si magumba matono, wabula nkola ekola omulimu omukulu ennyo mu mubiri gwaffe.

Mu nsengekera y’amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu (axial skeletal system) mulimu amagumba mmeka?

Omanyi amagumba mmeka agali mu magumba g’ekyekulungirivu? Amagumba gali 80, okubeera omutuufu. Guno muwendo munene nnyo ku magumba 206 agali mu magumba gaffe gonna.

Bitundu ki ebikulu ebitaano eby’ensengekera y’amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu?

Amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu galimu ebitundu bitaano ebikulu. Ka tulabe kiki kye biri n’engeri buli kitundu gye kikulu eri omubiri gwaffe.

1. Ekiwanga

Ekiwanga kyo kirimu ebitundu bibiri: amagumba munaana ag’omutwe n’amagumba g’omu maaso kkumi na ana.

• Amagumba g’omutwe: Gano ge gakola waggulu n’emabega w’omutwe gwo, era gawagira n’okukuuma obwongo bwo .Mulimu amagumba abiri aga parietal (kkono ne ddyo), amagumba abiri aga temporal (kkono ne ddyo), eggumba ery’omu maaso (ekola ekyenyi), eggumba ery’omu maaso (emabega w’omutwe), eggumba erya ethmoid, n’eggumba erya sphenoid.
• Amagumba g’omu maaso: Gano ge magumba agakola ffeesi yo ne gakola ng’emiryango egiyingira mu mubiri gwo (okugeza ennyindo n’akamwa). Mu bino mulimu amagumba abiri aga maxilla (akawanga aka waggulu), amagumba abiri aga zygomatic (amagumba g’amatama), eggumba erya mandible (akawanga aka wansi, eggumba ly’ekiwanga lyokka eritambula ng’oyogera oba ng’olya), amagumba g’ennyindo abiri, amagumba abiri aga palatine (agakola akasolya k’akamwa ko), amagumba abiri aga concha, amagumba abiri aga lacrimal (agagatta endwadde z’amaziga), n’amagumba aga vomer eggumba (erigabanyaamu ennyindo) .

2. Amagumba g’okuwulira

Ekiddako kwe kutu. Amagumba agawulira mu kutu kwo okwa wakati ge magumba agasinga obutono mu mubiri gwo. Amagumba gano amatono asatu ge gavunaanyizibwa ku kutambuza okukankana okuva mu nseke z’okutu okutuuka mu kutu okw’omunda. Zikola ng’akatala akatono.

• Mu buli kutu mulimu amagumba asatu: Malleus (alinga ennyondo), Incus (alinga enseenene), ne Stapes (alinga layini).
• Kale mu buli kutu mulimu obugumba obutono mukaaga nga buno. Awatali bo, okuwulira kwaffe kwandibadde kubi nnyo.

3. Eggumba lya Hyoid mu bulago

Eggumba lya hyoid lisangibwa mu bulago. Liba ggumba eriringa embalaasi erisangibwa mu maaso g’ensingo. Eky’enjawulo kwe kuba nti eggumba lino terikwatagana butereevu na ggumba eddala lyonna. Kikwatibwa mu kifo kyakyo ebinywa n’emisuwa wakati w’eggumba lyo ery’akawanga n’endwadde yo eya thyroid. Eggumba lya hyoid likuyamba okussa, okwogera n’okumira . Mulimu n’ebinywa ebikuyamba okutambuza olulimi.

4. Ennyiriri z’omugongo

Ekiddako gwe mugongo gwaffe oba omugongo. Kino kye kisinga okuwagira omubiri gwaffe. Kirina omugongo 24 , nga kwogasse n'omugongo gwo n'omugongo gwo . Omugongo guno guva wansi w’ekiwanga kyo okutuuka ku kisambi kyo. Kyawuddwamu ebitundu bitaano ebikulu:

• Seven Cervical Vertebrae: Zino ze zikola ensingo n’okuwanirira omutwe. Zikuyamba okukyusa omutwe gwo waggulu, wansi n’oludda ku ludda.
• Omugongo gw’omu kifuba kkumi na bubiri: Zino ze nnanga eziri emabega w’embavu zo (embavu). Embiriizi zeekwata ku bino.
• Five Lumbar Vertebrae: Zino ze zisinga okwetikka obuzito mu mubiri gwo. Ebinywa by’omugongo nabyo bikwatibwako. Zikola kinene nga tufukamira ne tusitula obuzito.
• Sacrum: Lino ggumba lya njuyi essatu nga lirimu emigongo etaano nga gikwatagana. Kikola ekisenge eky’emabega eky’ekisambi kyo.
• Coccyx: Kino kisangibwa mu kifo ekisinga wansi ku mugongo. Lino ggumba ttono erikolebwa okugatta kw’emigongo esatu ku etaano. Ebinywa by’omubiri bingi bibyekwatako.

Omugongo gwaffe , ekkubo ly’obusimu eddene eriva mu bwongo, liyita mu mugongo. Kale n’omugongo gugukuuma.

5. Ekiyumba ky’ekifuba/Ekifuba

N’ekisembayo, ekisenge ky’ekifuba oba ekifuba. Kino kye kikuuma ebitundu byo ebikulu ng’omutima n’amawuggwe. Kiringa ekiyumba eky’obukuumi. Mulimu n’ebinywa ebikola mu kussa n’okutambuza emikono gyo. Amagumba agali mu bbugwe w’ekifuba ge gano:

• Sternum: Lino ggumba ddene era nga liwanvu era nga liddukira wansi wakati mu kifuba. Embavu nnyingi zigikwatako mu maaso.
• 24 Embavu: Buli muntu atera okuba n’embavu 12. Zino zikwatagana n’omugongo gw’ekifuba emabega ate (okusinga) ku mugongo ogw’omugongo mu maaso, ne zikola ekiyumba ky’embavu.

Endwadde ki eziyinza okukosa amagumba g’ekyekulungirivu?

Okay, kati katutunuulire endwadde ki eziyinza okukosa enkola eno ey’amagumba aga axial. Ebimu ku byo bibaawo n’enkyukakyuka mu mubiri nga tukaddiwa. Ebirala biyinza okuva ku ndwadde oba obubenje. Bino bye bimu ku bukwakkulizo:

• Ankylosing Spondylitis: Kino kika kya bulwadde bw’endwadde z’enkizi. Ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, kireetera omugongo okuzimba n’okulumwa omugongo. Ekiseera bwe kigenda kiyitawo, omugongo gusobola okwegatta, ne kiba nti tekisoboka kugoba mugongo.
• Axial Spondylometaphyseal Dysplasia: Buno bulwadde bwa kukula kw’amagumba mu buzaale obuyinza okuvaako obuwanvu (obuwanvu) okukendeera.
• Fibrous Dysplasia: Mu mbeera eno, amagumba amalamu gakyusibwa ne gafuuka ebitundu ebirina ebiwuziwuzi ebiringa amagumba, ekiyinza okuvaako amagumba okumenya amangu.
• Okumenya: Amagumba gakendeera nga bwe tukaddiwa. Amagumba agalina density entono gasobola okumenya mangu. N’ekintu ng’okugwa kiyinza okuleetera eggumba okukutuka.
• Melorheostosis: Buno bulwadde obutatera kulabika nnyo nga layers ez’ebweru ez’amagumba zigonvuwa oba nga zigaziwa.
• Obulwadde bw’amagumba: Buno nabwo bulwadde obumanyiddwa ennyo. Bw’otofuna kalisiyamu amala oba ng’obulwa vitamiini D, amagumba go gayinza okunafuwa ne gakutuka mangu.
• Obulwadde bwa Paget obw’amagumba: Buno buzibu nga amagumba gakula amanene ate nga ganafu okusinga ku bulijjo. Kino kiyinza okuvaako okulumwa amagumba, okulwala endwadde z’enkizi n’okulema amagumba.

Singa embeera ng’ezo zibaawo, kikulu nnyo okunoonya amagezi mu bwangu omusawo.

Tukuuma tutya enkola eno ey’amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu nga nnungi?

Kale tukuuma tutya amagumba gano ag’omuwendo aga axial nga malamu? Ekisinga obulungi kwe kukuuma obulamu obulungi. Bino bye bimu ku bintu by’oyinza okukola okukuuma amagumba go nga ganywevu era nga galamu bulungi:

• Dduyiro: Dduyiro wa cardio ng’okutambula n’okudduka n’okutendekebwa mu maanyi ng’okusitula obuzito byombi biyamba okunyweza amagumba go. Dduyiro naddala ow’okusitula obuzito mulungi nnyo ku density y’amagumba.
• Otulo otumala: Weebake waakiri essaawa musanvu buli kiro. Wano amagumba go we gafuna obudde okudda engulu n’okuddaabiriza.
• Kuuma omugejjo omulungi: Obuzito bw’omubiri obuyitiridde busobola okussa akazito akateetaagisa ku magumba naddala ku mugongo.
• Funa calcium ne vitamin D ebimala: Mu mmere yo ssaamu amata, yogati, kkeeki, enva endiirwa ezibisi (spinach, kale), ebyennyanja ebitonotono (nga sprats ebirina ebisusunku byabyo), n’amanda. Bino bikulu nnyo mu kunyweza amagumba. Era kirungi okufuna vitamiini D okuva mu musana ogw’oku makya.
• Tonywa ssigala: Okunywa sigala kikendeeza ku musaayi ogugenda mu magumba. Omusaayi omulungi kyetaagisa nnyo okusobola okufuna amagumba amalamu. Okunywa sigala nakyo kikendeeza ku bungi bw’amagumba.
• Kkomya omwenge: Okunywa omwenge ekisusse nakyo kya bulabe eri obulamu bw’amagumba.
• Okukeberebwa abasawo buli kiseera: Bw’oba ​​osukka emyaka 65 naddala ng’oli mukyala, buuza omusawo ku ky’okukeberebwa amagumba ng’omaze okuva mu nsonga. Kino kiyinza okuyamba okuzuula embeera ng’obulwadde bw’amagumba nga bukyali.

N’ekisembayo, kino kijjukire.

Kale, amagumba ag’ekyekulungirivu ge twayogeddeko leero kitundu kikulu nnyo mu mubiri gwaffe, nga kirimu amagumba 80 mu musingi ogw’omu makkati. Amagumba gano agali mu mutwe, mu bulago, mu mugongo ne mu kifuba, gakuuma obwongo bwaffe, omugongo, n’ebitundu by’omunda era ne binyweza.

Olw’okuba endwadde ez’enjawulo ziyinza okukosa enkola eno ey’amagumba, kikulu nnyo okugikuuma nga nnungi era nga ya maanyi. Jjukira nti bw’ogoberera obulamu obulungi, osobola okukendeeza ku kwonooneka okuva mu ndwadde n’obubenje. Bw’oba ​​weerabirira bulungi, n’amagumba go gajja kukulabirira bulungi! N’olwekyo fuba okubeera omulamu obulungi ng’olya emmere ennungi, ng’okola dduyiro amala, era ng’owummudde bulungi.

` Axial Skeleton, Amagumba, Ekiwanga, Omugongo, Rib Cage, Obulamu bw’amagumba, Vertebrae