GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) abasawo gye bakozesa okwekenneenya okutegeera kw’omuntu akuli ku lusegere kye ki?

Oyinza okuba nga wali owulidde, oba owulidde omusawo ng'ayogera ku nnukuta zino essatu "GCS" mu ddwaaliro. Mpozzi omuntu ali ku lusegere lwo bw’aba afunye akabenje, oba n’azirika mu bwangu, abasawo boogera ku muwendo guno ogwa GCS. Kale, GCS eno kye ki, lwaki kikulu nnyo, era kiki ddala kyepima, ka twogere mu bujjuvu era mu ngeri ennyangu ennyo leero. Ekigendererwa kyange kwe kukuwa okutegeera okutegeerekeka ku nsonga eno.

Mu ngeri ennyangu, GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) kye ki?

GCS, okubeera omutuufu, ngeri ya kupima ddaala ly’omuntu ly’amanyi . Kiba ng’enkola y’okuteeba. Efuna obubonero ku bintu ng’engeri gy’oli obulindaala, engeri gy’omanyi ebikwetoolodde, n’engeri gy’okwatamu ebiragiro ebyangu.

Enkola eno yasooka kutandikibwawo mu 1974 ttiimu y’abakugu mu Yunivasite y’e Glasgow mu Scotland. Wadde ekigambo "koma" mu linnya, kati GCS ekozesebwa mu mbeera egazi ennyo mu busawo. Ye minzaani enkulu era esinga okukozesebwa okupima embeera z’okukendeera kw’okutegeera, omuli ne kkoma.

"Okutegeera" kye ki mu bigambo by'obusawo?

Bwe twogera ku "kutegeera" mu busawo, waliwo ebyetaago ebikulu bisatu. Omuntu okugambibwa nti amanyi, bino birina okutuukirira:

• Zuukuka: Kino kitegeeza oba omuntu asobola okukuzuukusa ng’oyogera oba ng’okwata ku mubiri gwo. Eno y’enjawulo eriwo wakati w’okwebaka kwokka n’okubeera mu kkoma.
• Obulindaala: Kino kitegeeza engeri gy’oddamu ng’omuntu ayogedde naawe, gy’oli, n’okumanya oba osobola okutegeera ebigenda mu maaso ebikwetoolodde.
• Olina okuba ng’omanyi (Oriented): Kino kitegeeza nti omanyi ebikwata ku mbeera gy’olimu kati, gamba ng’ekyo ky’oli, gy’oli, n’olunaku lwe luli.

Ebintu bino byonna ebisatu bwe biba mu kifo, tugamba nti omuntu "alina endowooza ennungi."

GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) ekozesebwa ddi?

Abasawo basobola okukozesa GCS ng'ekimu ku bigenda okukeberebwa obusimu . Era kya mugaso mu mbeera yonna omuntu gy’ayinza okuba ng’azirika. Okugeza, mu mbeera ezireetebwa obuvune ku mutwe, gamba ng’okukonziba n’obuvune ku bwongo obuva ku buvune (TBI) .

Si ekyo kyokka, naye minzaani ya GCS era eyamba mu mbeera z’okubulwa amagezi olw’ensonga endala okuggyako obuvune. Okugeza, ekozesebwa mu mbeera za ssukaali omutono ennyo mu musaayi (hypoglycemia) , obutwa, oba oluvannyuma lw’okukonziba.

GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) epimira ki?

Okukebera obusimu kunoonya obuzibu bwonna obuli mu nkola y’ebitundu ebikulu ebibiri eby’obusimu bwaffe. Ebitundu bino ebibiri bye bino:

• Enkola y’obusimu obw’omu makkati: Kino kizingiramu obwongo bwo, ekikolo ky’obwongo, obusimu bw’amaaso obuyunga obwongo ku retina emabega w’amaaso go, n’omugongo.
• Enkola y’obusimu obw’okumpi: Kino kitegeeza obusimu bwonna obutali kitundu kya busimu obw’omu makkati.

Waliwo ebitundu bisatu ebikulu ebya GCS ebikwatagana n’okukeberebwa kuno okw’obusimu. Ebisinga ku bino byekuusa ku bwongo bwennyini, naye ebimu bisobola n’okuzingiramu omugongo n’obusimu mu mubiri gwonna:

• Okuddamu kw’amaaso: Kino okusinga kikwatagana n’engeri gy’ozuukuse n’okubeera obulindaala.
• Enkola y’enkola y’omubiri: Ekitundu kino kitunuulira engeri obwongo bwo gye busobola okufuga entambula y’ebinywa. Era esobola okuzuula obuzibu bwonna obuli mu nkolagana wakati w’obwongo bwo n’ebitundu by’omubiri gwo ebirala.
• Okuddamu mu bigambo: Kino kigezesa engeri emirimu gy’obwongo egimu gye gikolamu obulungi, gamba ng’okulowooza, okujjukira, okufaayo, n’okutegeera ebikwetoolodde.

GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) ekola etya?

Okuzuula obubonero bwo mu GCS, abasawo bagatta obubonero okuva mu bitundu ebisatu eby’emabega ebya GCS. Omusawo ajja kukebera buli kimu ku bitundu bino mu ngeri ez’enjawulo. Ng’ekyokulabirako, bajja kutunuulira engeri gy’oddamu mu bigambo era bakubuuze ebibuuzo ebitonotono. Leero lunaku ki mu wiiki, ssaawa mmeka, era oli mu kibuga ki mu kiseera kino?

Ekimu ku birungi ebikulu ebya GCS kwe kuba nti esobola okulondoola enkyukakyuka mu ddaala ly’okutegeera kwo. Abasawo batera okuddamu okukebera kuno okw’obusimu mu biseera ebigere ne bawandiika enkyukakyuka mu bubonero bwa GCS.

Laba engeri ebitundu bino gye biweebwamu obubonero:

Okuddamu kw’amaaso

Kino okusinga kipima engeri gy’ozuukuse. Bw’oba ​​tomanyi, eddaala lyo ery’obutamanya lipimibwa nga ogezesa engeri gy’oddamu okuwulira (reflex responses) ku puleesa. Wano, "okunyigirizibwa" kintu ekiringa okunyigirizibwa okugonvu n'omusumaali. Kisaanye okuleeta obuzibu obutonotono, obw’akaseera obuseera, so si buvune.

Okuddamu mu bigambo

Kino omusawo ajja kukikebera ng’akubuuza ebibuuzo ebipima okujjukira kwo, obusobozi bw’okulowooza, n’okumanya ebikwetoolodde. Era esobola okukebera oba waliwo obuzibu ku bwongo oba obusimu obufuga ebinywa mu maaso go n’akamwa.

Okuddamu kw’Ekyuma (Motor Response).

Ekitundu kino kisobola okulaga obuzibu bwonna obuli mu nkolagana wakati w’obusimu bwo, omugongo, n’obwongo. Era kigezesa obusobozi bw’obwongo bwo okufuga entambula y’ebinywa n’okumanya oba osobola okutegeera n’okukola ku biragiro.

GCS-P kye ki?

Mu 2018, ttiimu y'abakugu — omuli n'omu ku baasooka okuyiiya GCS — yafulumya enkyusa ya GCS erongooseddwa, eyitibwa "GCS-P." P kitegeeza "Pupil," ekinnya ekiddugavu munda mu liiso. Eno nnamba ya kuna ng’oggye ku bubonero bwa GCS obwa bulijjo.

Engeri omuyizi gw’eriiso gye guddamu ekitangaala (Pupil reaction) kikulu nnyo kubanga kiwa obubonero ku nkola y’obwongo. Singa omuyizi wo taddamu kitangaala, kiyinza okulaga nti waliwo ekizibu eky’amaanyi oba obuvune obukosa obwongo.

Obukodyo obuweebwa omuyizi buva ku 0 okutuuka ku 2.

• 2: Ensigo zombi teziddamu kitangaala.
• 1: Omuyizi omu taddamu kitangaala.
• 0: Ensigo zombi ez’amaaso ziddamu ekitangaala.

Obukodyo bw’okuddamu kw’omuyizi bwe buggyibwa ku bubonero bwa GCS, obubonero bwa GCS-P busobola okuva ku 1 okutuuka ku 15. Obubonero bwa GCS-P obwa 8 oba wansi bulaga nti ali mu kkoma.

Okugeza, singa obubonero bwa GCS buba 3 ate obubonero bwa iris buba 2, obubonero bwa GCS-P buba 1. Kino kitegeeza nti obeera mu kkoma enzito ennyo era irises mu maaso gombi teziddamu kitangaala.

Waliwo obulumi mu kiseera ky’okukebera GCS?

Ennyonnyola enkadde eza GCS zaakozesa ekigambo "obulumi" okunnyonnyola okuwulira okukozesebwa okugezesa ebizibu ebimu. Wabula ebiragiro ebipya bikyusizza ekigambo ekyo ne kifuuka "okunyigirizibwa." Enkyukakyuka eno ey’ebigambo esinga kutuufu, kubanga tewali buvune buzingirwamu. Era kyeyoleka bulungi kubanga mu butuufu omusawo aba tagezaako kukuleetera bulumi oba kulumya muntu wo.

Enkola ya GCS eyasooka teyalaga bulungi wa we balina okussa puleesa okugezesa ebiwujjo. Mu 1975, nga wayise omwaka gumu bukya GCS esoose kufulumizibwa, abakugu abaagikola baafulumya ebiragiro ebitongole. Bino bye bimu ku bifo omusawo by’ayinza okussa akazito ku:

• Ebitanda by’emisumaali: Emisumaali ku ngalo n’ebigere bikwata ku puleesa. Abasawo batera okunyiga ku kimu oba ebisingawo ku bino okulaba oba omubiri guddamu mu ngeri ey’okulowooza ku puleesa eyo.
• Ekinywa kya Trapezius: Ekinywa kino kigatta ebibegabega byo, ensingo eya wakati n’omugongo. Kinywa kyangu okutuukako ku pressure reflex.
• Supraorbital notch: Kino kibeera kizibu kitono mu kiwanga kyo, waggulu w’amaaso go ne wansi w’ebisige.

Biki ebivaamu, era bitugamba ki?

Obukodyo obusinga obunene obusoboka ku GCS buba 15, ate obusinga obutono buba 3.Obubonero 15 kitegeeza nti ozuukuse mu bujjuvu, oddamu, era tolina buzibu mu kulowooza kwo oba okujjukira. Mu budde obutuufu, obubonero 8 oba wansi kitegeeza nti oli mu kkoma. Obukodyo gye bukoma okuba wansi, ne kkoma gyekoma okubeera ey’obuziba.

Abasawo bayinza okuwandiika obubonero bwo mu GCS ng’ennukuta/ennamba ezigatta. Okugeza, obubonero 15 bwandiwandiikiddwa nga "E4V5M6". Obukodyo bwa 3 bwandiwandiikiddwa nga "E1V1M1". (E=Eriiso, V=Ekigambo, M=Motor)

GCS Ranges for Obuvune ku mutwe

Abasawo bwe bakozesa GCS ku buvune ku mutwe, bakozesa obubonero obw’enjawulo okunnyonnyola obuzibu bw’obuvune. Range zino ze zino:

• 13 okutuuka ku 15: Obuvune obw’amaanyi ku bwongo (mTBI). Kino era kiyitibwa okukonziba .
• 9 okutuuka ku 12: TBI ey’ekigero.
• 3 okutuuka ku 8: Obuvune obw’amaanyi ku bwongo (Severe TBI).

Kiki kye nsaanidde okumanya ku bubonero bwa GCS obw’omuntu ali ku lusegere?

Mu budde obutuufu, ab’omu maka go oba abaagalwa bo be bajja okukubaganya ebirowoozo n’omusawo wo ku bubonero bwo obwa GCS. Waliwo ebintu ebitonotono by’osaanidde okumanya ku GCS n’engeri abasawo gye bagikozesaamu:

• Ebyava mu bigezo bizibu nnyo okusinga ennamba yokka. Obukodyo bwa GCS tebukubuulira bunene bwa bivudde mu bigezo mu bujjuvu. Waliwo bingi ebikolebwa mu kukeberebwa kw’obusimu okusinga ennamba yokka. Wadde nga kyangu okutegeera ennamba, kirungi n’oyogera n’omusawo w’omwagalwa wo ategeere embeera ye entuufu.
• GCS nayo erina obuzibu. Mu mbeera ezimu, GCS eyinza obutaba ya mugaso. Okugeza omuntu bw’aba ali ku kyuma ekiyamba okussa , oba nga tayogera lulimi lwe lumu n’omusawo. Era kiyinza obutaba kya mugaso eri abantu abalina embeera oba obuvune obukosa ebitundu by’omubiri oba enkola GCS ze yeesigamyeko (e.g., okulaba oba okuwulira obubi).
• GCS si y’ensonga yokka abasawo gye bakozesa okulagula embeera y’okuteebereza. Abasawo batera okukozesa GCS okulagula ebiyinza okuvaamu, naye si y’ensonga yokka gye balowoozaako. Buuza omusawo w’omwagalwa wo ku bubonero bwabwe ne kye buyinza okutegeeza mu bbanga eggwanvu.

Jjukira nti obubonero bwa GCS kye kimu ku bikozesebwa. Wadde nga kiwa amawulire amakulu, empuliziganya ennungi ne ttiimu y’abasawo kyetaagisa nnyo okusobola okutegeera ekifaananyi mu bujjuvu.

N’ekisembayo, kiki ky’olina okujjukira

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) kintu kya bulijjo nnyo era kikulu abasawo kye bakozesa okupima emitendera gy’okubulwa okutegeera n’okugwa mu kkoma.Wadde nga giweze emyaka kumpi 50 bukya esooka kukolebwa, abakugu basomye nnyo minzaani eno ne bakizuula nti kya mugaso mu kuzuula obulwadde buno. (Era bakilongoosezza okumala ekiseera.) Okukozesa ekintu kino era kiyamba abasawo okulondoola enkyukakyuka mu nkola y’obwongo. Kino kiyinza okuyamba okulungamya obujjanjabi n‟okulongoosa okulabirira abantu abalina embeera ezikosa okutegeera.

Bw’oba ​​ggwe oba omuntu ali ku lusegere afuna kino, totya kubuuza bibuuzo n’okufuna amawulire okuva mu basawo bo. Beetegefu era beetegefu okukuyamba.

` Okutegeera, GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale, Obuvune ku bwongo, Coma, Okukebera obusimu, Obulamu