Wali okirabye ng’akamwa ka bulijjo kakalu, amaaso go gazibuka katono, oba olubuto lwo buli kiseera lukalu olw’eddagala erimu ly’omira? Oyinza okulowooza nti kino kintu kirala ekiva ku bulwadde bwo. Wabula ensonga lwaki kino kiyinza okuba nga tomanyi nti omira eddagala eririna obusobozi obuziyiza cholinergic. Tofaayo, kino kya bulijjo nnyo. Leero, tugenda kwogera ku nsonga eno mu ngeri ennyangu gy’osobola okutegeera.
Ddala ddagala lino eriziyiza obuwuka obuleeta obulwadde bwa cholinergic lye liruwa?
Erinnya lino liyinza okuwulikika nga lizibu katono. Naye emboozi nnyangu nnyo. Enkola y’obusimu bw’omubiri gwaffe mutimbagano gwa kyewuunyo nnyo. Kino kye kifuga buli kimu okuva ku birowoozo byaffe, entambula, okussa, n’okukuba kw’omutima. Waliwo "ababaka" mu nkola eno ey'obusimu okutambuza obubaka okudda n'okudda. Nga abantu bwe batuusa ebbaluwa mu post office. Ababaka bano tubayita `(Neurotransmitters)`.
Omu ku babaka ng'abo abakulu ennyo ye acetylcholine .
Kati ka tulabe omulimu omukulu ogwa `Acetylcholine` eno gwe guli. Waliwo ebitundu bibiri ebikulu eby’obusimu bwaffe obw’okwefuga.
1. Enkola y'okusaasira: Eno y'enkola yaffe eya "okulwana oba okubuuka". Mu ngeri ennyangu, enkola eno etuteekateeka okwolekagana n’embeera ey’amangu, okutya, oba okutiisibwatiisibwa. Kiringa accelerator mu mmotoka. Bwe gukola, omutima gwaffe gukuba mangu, amaaso gaffe ne gagaziwa era ne tutuuyana.
2. Enkola ya Parasympathetic: Eno y'enkola yaffe eya "okuwummula-n'okugaaya". Kino kitegeeza nti enkola eno eyamba omubiri okukkakkana, okugaaya emmere n’okuwummulamu. Kiringa buleeki ku mmotoka. Omubaka waffe ayitibwa `Acetylcholine` asinga kukola mu nkola eno.
Okay, kati otegedde background y’emboozi, nedda? Eddagala eriweweeza ku cholinergic likola nga liyingirira emirimu gy’omubaka oyo ayitibwa `Acetylcholine`. Ekyo kitegeeza nti omubaka oyo bw’agenda mu kifo we yeetaaga okutuusa obubaka bwe, ekifo ekyo (receptor) kizibikira. Olwo omulimu gw'enkola eyo "okukkakkanya" (Parasympathetic) gukendeezebwako katono.
Mu ngeri ennyangu, eddagala eriweweeza ku cholinergic liziyiza okumala akaseera ekikolwa ky’omubaka afuga enkola y’okuwummuza n’okukkakkanya mu mubiri gwaffe.
Eddagala lino likozesebwa ku ndwadde za ngeri ki?
Waliwo eddagala erisukka mu 600 eririna obusobozi obuziyiza cholinergic. Eddagala erimu likoleddwa okweyambisa omukisa guno ogw’okuziyiza endwadde okujjanjaba endwadde. Eddagala erimu lirina eky’obugagga kino ng’ekizibu.
Mu kipande wansi, katutunuulire ebika by’eddagala ebiwerako ebisinga okukozesa eddagala lino eriziyiza obuwuka obuleeta endwadde okujjanjaba endwadde.
| Erinnya ly’eddagala (ekyokulabirako) . | Kozesa emisango n’okunnyonnyola okwangu |
|---|---|
| Eddagala lya Atropine | Lino ddagala eritera okukozesebwa mu kitongole ky’abalwadde ab’amangu (ETU). Kikozesebwa okujjanjaba obulwadde bwa bradycardia ng’omutima gukuba mpola nnyo, n’okujjanjaba obutwa obuva mu ddagala erimu. Singa ofuna obutwa, omusawo wo ajja kutuukirira ekitongole kya National Poisons Information Center mu ddwaaliro ly’eggwanga okufuna amagezi amalala. |
| Ipratropium / Ekirungo kya Tiotropium | Bino bisangibwa mu bikozesebwa mu kussa ebiweebwa abantu abalina endwadde z’okussa nga asima ne COPD. Eddagala lino liyamba okugaziya emikutu gy’empewo n’okwanguyira okussa. |
| Oxybutynin / Eddagala lya Solifenacin | Bino biweebwa okujjanjaba obulwadde bwa urge incontinence, embeera gy’olina okufulumya omusulo ennyo n’okukaluubirirwa okufuga omusulo gwo. Eddagala lino likola nga likendeeza ku kukonziba kw’ebinywa mu kibumba. |
| Ekirungo kya Scopolamine | Bino bikozesebwa okujjanjaba okusesema n’okuziyira ebiva ku kutambulira mu bbaasi n’emmeeri (motion sickness). Oluusi zijja mu ngeri ya ‘patch’. |
| Benztropine / Ekirungo kya Trihexyphenidyl | Eddagala lino liyamba okufuga obubonero ng’okukankana okuva ku bulwadde bwa Parkinson. |
| Ekirungo kya diphenhydramine | Eddagala lingi erikozesebwa ku alergy (e.g., piritan) lirimu bino. Ekintu kino ekiziyiza cholinergic y’ensonga enkulu lwaki owulira otulo n’ofuna akamwa akakalu ng’omira bino. |
Eddagala eririna eky’obugagga kino ng’ekizibu
Waliwo eddagala erimu wadde ng’omulimu gwalyo omukulu kintu kirala, lirina ekikolwa ekiziyiza cholinergic ng’ekizibu.
- Eddagala erimu erikadde erikozesebwa okujjanjaba embeera ng’okwennyamira (Tricyclic antidepressants). Eddagala erimu (`Antipsychotic medications`) liweebwa ku ndwadde z'obwongo ez'amaanyi nga schizophrenia .
- Eddagala lingi eriwonya alergy (`Antihistamines`).
Biki ebiva mu ddagala eriweweeza ku cholinergic?
Kati osanga otegedde lwaki eddagala lino livaako akamwa okukala n’okulaba okuzibu. Bwe tukendeeza ku mirimu gy'enkola eyo "ekkakkanya", ebintu bingi ebifugibwa enkola eyo bikosebwa.
Waliwo olugero lw’Olungereza abasawo lwe bakozesa okujjukira ebizibu bino. "Eyokya ng'enkazaluggya, muzibe w'amaaso ng'enkwale, nkalu ng'eggumba, emmyuufu ng'ekikuta, eddalu ng'omukofiira". Kino kitegeeza "Eyokya ng'enkazaluggya, muzibe w'amaaso ng'enkwale, enkalu ng'eggumba, emmyuufu ng'entangawuuzi, eddalu ng'omukwasi w'enkoofiira" . Kino kyangu okujjukira ebikulu ebivaamu.
Ka tulabe mu ngeri ennyangu ebizibu bino n’ebibireeta mu kipande wansi.
| Side Effect | Mu ngeri ennyangu, kiki ekibaawo? |
|---|---|
| Akamwa & amaaso amakalu | Enkola ya "calm" esitula okukola amalusu n'amaziga. Bwe buba tebukola nnyo, amalusu n’amaziga nabyo biba bitono. |
| Okulaba okutali kwa maanyi | Ebinywa ebikyusa obunene bw’omuyizi bikosebwa, ekizibu okulaba ebintu okumpi. Ensigo zifuuka ennene (dilated pupils). |
| Okukaluubirirwa okufulumya omusulo (Okuziyiza omusulo) . | Ebinywa by’ekibumba bwe biba tebikyakyukakyuka, kizibu okufulumya ddala ekibumba. |
| Obuteeyabya | Entambula y’ekyenda ekwatagana n’enkola y’okugaaya emmere ekendeera. |
| Omutima okukuba amangu (Tachycardia) . | Omutima gweyongera okusinga ku mutindo ogwa bulijjo kubanga "buleeki" efuga okukuba kw'omutima enafuwa. |
| Okutabulwa / Okukyuka mu mbeera y‟obwongo | Acetylcholine era kikulu mu nkola y’okujjukira n’okulowooza mu bwongo. Bwe kitaataaganyizibwa naddala mu bakadde, kiyinza okuvaako okutabulwa. |
| Hyperthermia & Olususu olufuukuuse | Okutuuyana y’engeri omubiri gye gusobola okutereeza ebbugumu. Eddagala lino lisobola okukendeeza ku ntuuyo ekiyinza okwongera ku bbugumu ly’omubiri. |
Okwetaaga ku ssaawa mmeka okulaba omusawo?
Bw’oba bakuwandiikiddwa eddagala eriziyiza obuwuka obuleeta obulwadde bwa ‘ancholinergic’, emigaso gy’okulimira gisinga nnyo ebizibu ebivaamu. Kyokka bw’ofuna ekimu ku bino wammanga, kakasa nti oyogera n’omusawo wo.
- Singa obulwadde bwo tebuwulira bulungi na ddagala.
- Bw’oba olina obuzibu okumira eddagala nga omusawo bw’akulagidde (e.g. bw’oba olina obuzibu olw’ebizibu ebivaamu).
- Singa ebizibu ebiva mu ddagala biba bya maanyi ekimala okutaataaganya emirimu gyo egya bulijjo (okugenda ku mulimu, okuvuga, okusoma).
Teebereza, olina asima, era ekyuma ekikussa ky’oweebwa kikwanguyira okussa, naye akamwa kakalu nnyo. Oba okaluubirirwa okufuga omusulo era eddagala lye bakuweebwa likufuula amaaso katono. Mu mbeera ng’eyo, bw’oyogera n’omusawo wo, asobola okukyusa mu ddoozi y’eddagala oba okukuwa eddagala eddala erikuwa ebivaamu bye bimu.
Ekisinga obukulu, bw’oba olina ekizibu, tolekera awo kumira ddagala lyo oba okukyusa eddagala ku bubwo. Bulijjo yogerako n’omusawo wo era ogoberere amagezi ge.
Obubaka Obutwala Awaka
- Eddagala eriweweeza ku cholinergic likola nga liziyiza ekikolwa ky'omubaka w'eddagala (Acetylcholine) akola mu nkola y'omubiri gwaffe "okukkakkanya".
- Eddagala lino likozesebwa ng’eddagala eriwonya endwadde eziwerako, gamba ng’obulwadde bwa asima, obulwadde bwa Parkinson, n’obutakwata musulo.
- Eddagala erimu eriwonya alergy n’okwennyamira nalyo lirina ekintu kino ekiziyiza cholinergic ng’ekizibu.
- Ebizibu ebitera okuvaamu mulimu okukala kw’akamwa, obutalaba bulungi, olubuto okutabuka, omutima okukuba amangu n’okutabulwa.
- Bw’oba weeraliikirira ebizibu ebiva mu ddagala ly’omira, totya kuliyogerako oba okusalawo ku bubwo, naye mazima ddala yogerako n’omusawo wo.
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