By’olina okumanya ku oxygen omutono mu musaayi (Hypoxemia)!

Oluusi owulira ng’omukka gukutte, ekifuba kikunyiga oba owulira ng’oziyira ne bw’oba ​​otambudde akabanga katono? Oba otera okulumwa omutwe? Ensonga emu eri emabega wa kino eyinza okuba nti omukka gwa oxygen mu musaayi gwo gukendeera. Mu ngeri y’obusawo, kino tukiyita hypoxemia . Okuva bwe kiri nti eno eyinza okuba embeera ey’amaanyi, ka tugituuke wansi mu ngeri ennyangu era mu ngeri entegeerekeka.

Okay, kino Hypoxemia kye ki?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, Hypoxemia mbeera ng’omusaayi gwo gulina omukka gwa oxygen omutono okusinga ogwa bulijjo. Oxygen yeetaagibwa buli katoffaali n’ekitundu ky’omubiri mu mubiri gwaffe okukola obulungi, nga mmotoka bwe yeetaaga petulooli okutambula.

Kilowoozeeko bw’otyo. Bwe tussa, omukka oguyitibwa oxygen mu mpewo gugenda mu mawuggwe gaffe. Munda mu mawuggwe mulimu omukutu gw’obusawo obutonotono obw’empewo obuyitibwa alveoli. Ensawo zino ez’empewo zeetooloddwa emisuwa emitono ennyo (capillaries). Bwe tussa, omukka gwa oxygen oguyingira mu mawuggwe guyingizibwa mu nsawo zino ez’empewo mu misuwa. Olwo omusaayi ne gusitula omukka guno ne gugugabira ebitundu by’omubiri mu mubiri gwonna.

Hypoxemia ebaawo nga waliwo ekikyamu mu nkola eno. Oba tosobola kussa oxygen emala , oba oxygen gw'ossa tasobola kuyingizibwa bulungi mu musaayi gwo . Eno y’ensonga lwaki abantu abalina obulwadde bw’amawuggwe n’omutima bali mu bulabe bwa maanyi okufuna embeera eno.

Hypoxemia ne Hypoxia bintu bibiri eby’enjawulo?

Yee, wadde ng’abantu bangi batabulatabula ebigambo bino ebibiri, waliwo enjawulo entono. Kikulu okumanya ekyo.

• Hypoxemia kwe kukendeera kw'omukka gwa oxygen mu musaayi .
• Hypoxia kwe kukendeera mu bungi bwa oxygen atuuka mu bitundu by’omubiri .

Lowooza ku musaayi nga ‘loole etwala ebintu’ etisse omukka gwa oxygen. Ebitundu by’omubiri ‘bakasitoma’ nga balindirira omukka gwa oxygen. Hypoxemia bwe buba omugugu gwa loole (oxygen) bwe guba mutono. N’olwekyo, Hypoxia ye kasitoma bw’atafuna mugugu. Ebiseera ebisinga, oxygen mu musaayi bw’aba mutono (Hypoxemia), ebitundu by’omubiri nabyo tebirina oxygen (Hypoxia). Naye ekyo tekibaawo bulijjo.

Bubonero ki obulaga embeera eno?

Obubonero bw’okukendeeza ku musaayi (hypoxemia) busobola okwawukana okusinziira ku buzibu bwabwo n’ekivaako. Obubonero obumu obutera okulabika buwandiikiddwa mu kipande wansi.

Lwaki kino kibaawo? Biki ebivaako obulwadde bwa hypoxemia?

Kino kiyinza okubaawo ensonga nnyingi. Ensonga enkulu y’embeera y’obujjanjabi ekwata ku nkola y’okussa oba entambula y’omusaayi. Okugeza bw’ogenda mu buwanvu, gamba ng’ekitundu eky’ensozi, embeera eno esobola okubaawo okumala akaseera olw’obutaba na mukka gwa oxygen mu butonde.

Wansi waliwo ezimu ku mbeera z’obujjanjabi enkulu eziyinza okuvaako okukendeera kw’omusaayi mu musaayi.

• Obulwadde bwa asima
• Obulwadde bw’ekifuba
• COPD (Obulwadde bw’amawuggwe obutawona) .
• Okulemererwa kw’omutima okuzimba
• Obulwadde bw’okuzimba amawuggwe
• Okuzimba kw’amawuggwe
• Obulwadde bw’okusannyalala mu tulo
• Okukendeera kw’omusaayi
• Obulema bw’omutima obuzaalibwa nabwo
• Endwadde ez’amaanyi ez’okussa nga COVID-19

Enkola 5 enkulu eziyamba mu kukendeera kwa oxygen

Okusinziira ku ndowooza y’abasawo, waliwo enkola 5 enkulu eziviirako obutaba na mukka gwa oxygen mu musaayi. Bino bizibu katono, naye ka tubikuume nga byangu.

1. 1. .Ventilation-Perfusion (V/Q) Mismatch: Lowooza ku mawuggwe nga ppaaka ya bbaasi. Empewo (oxygen) ye basaabaze. Omusaayi ye bbaasi. Oluusi siteegi ejjudde abasaabaze, naye nga tewali bbaasi (omusaayi omutono). Oba bbaasi nnyingi, naye nga tewali basaabaze (empewo entono). Obutakwatagana buno wakati w’okutambula kw’empewo n’okutambula kw’omusaayi buyitibwa obutakwatagana bwa V/Q.

2. Obuzibu mu kusaasaana: Kati teebereza nti abasaabaze (oxygen) bali ku siteegi, era bbaasi (omusaayi) etambula. Wabula waliwo ekizibu abasaabaze okulinnya bbaasi. Kino kye kiziyiza omukka gwa oxygen okuva mu mawuggwe okutuuka mu musaayi . Kino kiyinza okubaawo olw’ebintu ng’okugonza ebisenge by’amawuggwe.

3. Hypoventilation: Mu ngeri ennyangu , okussa mpola oba obutassa nnyo , ekivaamu oxygen obutamala kutuuka mu mawuggwe.

4. Oxygen Omutono mu Butonde: Ono yeeyoleka bulungi. Singa embeera gye tulimu eba ntono mu oxygen , okugeza, bwe tugenda ku ntikko y’olusozi, tetujja kusobola kuyingiza oxygen emala.

5. Okufulumya amazzi okuva ku ddyo okudda ku kkono: Omutima gwaffe gulina omusaayi ogutaliimu oxygen omutono (omusaayi gwa bbululu) ku ludda olwa ddyo ate ku ludda olwa kkono gulina omusaayi ogulimu oxygen omungi (omusaayi omumyufu). Bino ebibiri tebitabula. Naye mu ndwadde z’omutima ezimu, mu kifo ky’okugenda mu mawuggwe okufuna omukka gwa oxygen, ogumu ku musaayi ogutaliimu oxygen mutono gubuuka butereevu ku ludda olwa kkono ne gugenda mu mubiri . Kino nakyo kivaako obulwadde bwa Hypoxemia.

Omusawo kino akizuula atya?

Oluvannyuma lw’okuwuliriza obubonero bwo, omusawo ajja kukukebera. Kuno kw’ogatta okuwuliriza omutima gwo n’amawuggwe, okukebera langi y’olususu lwo, n’okukola ebigezo ebiwerako okuzuula omukka gwa oxygen.

• Pulse Oximetry: Kino oyinza okuba nga wakirabye. Kye kyuma ekikwata ku ngalo yo ne kipima omukka gwa oxygen. Tekiruma era kyangu nnyo. Omuntu omulamu omukka gw’omubiri gulina okuba ebitundu 95% oba okusingawo.
• Okukebera omukka gw’omusaayi mu misuwa (ABG): Kino kye kigezo ekisinga obutuufu. Omusaayi omutono guggyibwa mu musuwa oguli mu mukono, mu kifo ekikoonagana ky’enkokola oba mu kisambi, ne bapimibwa emiwendo gya oxygen, carbon dioxide, ne asidi (pH) mu musaayi.
• Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT): Okugezesebwa okupima ewala gy’osobola okutambulira ku ttaka eritereevu mu ddakiika 6, n’engeri oxygen gy’okyukamu ng’okola dduyiro.

Kijjanjabwa kitya?

Ekikulu ng'ojjanjaba hypoxemia kwe kujjanjaba ekizibu ekivaako omusaayi . Okugatta ku ekyo, obujjanjabi era bukozesebwa okuzza amangu omukka gwa oxygen mu musaayi mu mbeera eya bulijjo.

Enkola eziwerako ez’obujjanjabi:

• Oxygen: Oxygen aweebwa okuyita mu kanyula y’ennyindo oba masiki. Abantu abamu balagirwa eddagala eriweweeza ku mukka gwa oxygen eriyinza okukozesebwa awaka.
• Ebyuma ebissa: Abantu abalina embeera nga asima oba COPD baweebwa eddagala erigaziya emikutu gy’empewo (bronchodilators) oba okukendeeza ku kuzimba (steroids).
• Ebyuma bya CPAP: Ekyuma kino kiweebwa abantu abatawaanyizibwa obulwadde bw’okusannyalala mu tulo okukozesa ekiro.
• Ekyuma ekissa empewo: Singa embeera y’omulwadde eba ya maanyi nnyo, ekitegeeza nti afuna obuzibu mu kussa ku lwabwe, bagiyungibwa ku kyuma ekifuuwa empewo (ventilator) mu kisenge ky’eddwaliro eky’abalwadde abayi.
• Eddagala eddala: Singa amawuggwe gajjula amazzi, eddagala (diuretics) liweebwa okuggyamu amazzi agasukkiridde.

Kiki kye tusaanidde okukola okusobola okukuuma omukka gwa oxygen omulungi?

Bw’oba ​​olina obulwadde bw’omutima oba amawuggwe, ebintu bino bikulu okukendeeza ku bulabe bw’okukendeera kw’omusaayi mu musaayi.

• Dukanya bulungi embeera yo: Kozesa eddagala n’eddagala erissa omusawo lye yakulagidde mu budde. Kakasa nti ogenda mu malwaliro.
• Weewale ddala okunywa sigala: Okunywa sigala kya bulabe nnyo eri amawuggwe. Okulekera awo okunywa sigala kijja kuyamba okwongera ku mukka gwa oxygen.
• Kola dduyiro w’okussa: Buuza omusawo wo ku bintu ng’okussa ennyo n’okukozesa ebyuma nga Incentive Spirometer.
• Weegendereze obubonero obupya: Bw’oba ​​olina okussa okutono okupya oba okulumwa mu kifuba, tobuusa maaso.
• Weegendereze ng’ogenda ku buwanvu: Bw’oba ​​olina obulwadde bw’omutima oba amawuggwe, yogerako n’omusawo wo ofune amagezi ageetaagisa nga tonnagenda mu kitundu ekirimu ensozi.

Ddi lwe tusaanidde okulaba omusawo mu bwangu? (Ddi lw’olina okugenda mu ETU)

Hypoxemia mbeera eyinza okutta omuntu. Bw’oba ​​olina obubonero buno wammanga, genda mu ddwaaliro mu kitongole ky’abalwadde ab’amangu (ETU) mu bwangu.

• Okussa ennyo mu bwangu.
• Okukyuka langi ya bbululu ku mimwa, enjala oba olususu (Cyanosis).
• Obulumi obw’amaanyi mu kifuba.
• Okutabulwa, okutabulwa oba okubulwa amagezi.
• Bw’oba ​​olina dda obulwadde, obubonero bwabwo obwa bulijjo buyinza okweyongera mu bwangu.