PCR test chungchang hi awlsam takin i zir ang u, kan thianpa hnen atanga kan dawn ang bawkin!

Covid-19 hri leng lai khan PCR test chungchang kan sawi vek tih in hre reng mai thei . Mi thenkhat chu an hlauthawng deuh a ni ngei ang, hnar chhunga thinghnah thun tur ngaihtuahin? Mahse, he PCR test hi eng nge ni tak tak? Covid-19 chauh a hmuchhuak thei ang em? Ni lo, PCR hi damdawi lama test hmanraw pawimawh tak a ni a, thil tam takah a pui a ni. Vawiin hian heng zawng zawng hi, awlsam tak leh chiang takin, thian tha tak nen kan inbia ang maiin sawi ila.

PCR chu eng nge ni? Tlem i hrilhfiah thei ang em?

A awlsam zawngin PCR hi Polymerase Chain Reaction tih tawifelna a ni. Kan taksaa genetic material , DNA emaw RNA emaw hmuhchhuahna atan hman a ni. I hnen atanga sample tlemte lak kha han mitthla teh, thisen tla emaw, i hnar chhung atanga swab emaw pawh a ni thei. Chu sample-a DNA emaw RNA emaw te tak te chu lak a ni a, copy maktaduai tam tak, maktaduai tam tak pawh ni thei, lab-ah siam a ni. Hei hi scientist-te'n amplification an tih chu a ni a, chu chu "tipung" emaw "tipung" tihna a ni. Photocopier hmanga lehkhabu pakhat copy tam tak siam ang mai a ni.

Hetiang copy tam tak siam hian scientist-te tan chuan original sample te tak tea DNA emaw RNA emaw chu zirchian a, a chhungah thil danglam bik a awm em tih hriat a awlsam phah hle. PCR hi test group pakhat, Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAAT) tih zingah a tel a ni.

Covid-19 test kaihhnawihah mi tam takin PCR tih thumal hi hre tawh mah se, he technology hi damdawi lamah pawh hun rei tak atanga hman a ni tawh a, hmanraw tangkai tak a ni.

PCR hmangin eng nge hmuhchhuah theih?

Tunah chuan he PCR test hian eng ang thil nge a hmuhchhuah theih tih i lo en ang u. Mi tam tak chuan Covid-19 tan chauh a ni an ti. Mahse chutiang chu a ni lo. En teh:

• Natna hrik kai: PCR hian i khawsik, khawsik, khuh i neih chu virus , bacteria , fungus , emaw parasite vang a nih leh nih loh hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni. Entir nan:
• COVID-19 (COVID-19) thlentu SARS-CoV-2 virus .
• Influenza , chu chu flu kan tih tlangpui chu a ni.
• Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), a bik takin nausen naupangte zingah a tam hle.
• Tuberculosis thlentu bacteria.
• Viral leh bacteria infection dang tam tak.
• Genetic diseases: Mi thenkhat chuan genetic diseases an nei a, chu chu rochun a ni, a dik em? Chutiang natna, entirnan , Cystic Fibrosis.He PCR hi Huntington’s Disease leh Fragile X Syndrome ang chi natna hriatna atan pawh hman a ni. Hengte hi thil buaithlak tak tak an nih avangin enkawlna atan chuan hriat hmasak a pawimawh hle.
• Cancer chi hrang hrang: Hetiang hmanraw hian cancer chi hrang hrang, lymphoma -te hriat theihna kawngah pawh a pui bawk.
• Cancer-a gene inthlak danglamna: Cancer vei enkawl hian he PCR test hian chu cancer cell-a gene danglamna/mutations bik a hmuchhuak thei bawk. Hei hian chutiang inthlak danglamna bikte chu targeted therapy hman theih a ni ang. Hei hi cancer enkawlna kawngah hmasawnna lian tak a ni.
• Nakin lawka natna hlauhawmna: Genetic change thenkhat nei te hian nakin lawkah cancer ang chi natna khirh tak tak an vei theihna chance a sang zawk thei. He PCR hi cancer hlauhawmna genetic testing atan pawh hman a ni . Hei hian a hmaa hriat lawk theihna leh a tul chuan nunphung thlak danglam theihna a siam a, a nih loh leh test neih fo avanga fimkhur theihna a siam bawk.
• Prenatal testing: Hmeichhe naupai nau piang lai hian genetic condition a nei em tih test-naah pawh PCR hi a \angkai hle.

Hei mai ni lovin, movie-ah pawh i hmu tawh mai thei, chutah chuan DNA evidence, sam te tak te emaw, thil sual tihna hmuna thisen chhuak emaw hmuh chhuah ang chi te chu la in, misual hriat theihna atan an hmang thin. Chutiang chuan forensic lab-te pawhin he PCR technology hi hmangin DNA an tipung a, test an nei bawk.

PCR technology hmanga test leh method te chu engte nge ni?

PCR technology hi testing method hrang hrangah hman a ni. Test chi hrang hrang sample lak tur chu i test naah a innghat ang. Entirna thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Thisen test: Thisen sample lak a ni a, PCR hmangin genetic change leh natna hrik kai thenkhat hriat theih a ni.
• Nasopharyngeal swab: Hnar chhung emaw kawr chhung atanga mucus sample lak chu thawkna lama natna hrik, influenza (flu), COVID-19, leh RSV te test nan hman theih a ni. Hei hi COVID hunlaia kan tawn tawh zawng zawng a ni.
• Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) emaw Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS): In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) process chhung hian embryo atanga cell tlemte lak chhuah a ni a, nu nausen pum chhunga dah hmain genetic condition test a ni. Hei hi egg lakchhuah atanga ni engemaw zat hnuah tih thin a ni tlangpui.
• Amniocentesis hmanga enkawl (amniocentesis) a ni.Naupai lai hian nu pum chhunga naute hual veltu amniotic fluid tlemte chu PCR hmangin naute genetic status test nan hman theih a ni. Hei hi specialist doctor-in test a tih a ni.
• Biopsy: Cancer cell-a genetic mutations hriat theih nan (molecular testing) tumor sample tlemte (tumor biopsy) emaw bone marrow biopsy emaw lak a ni. Hei hi surgery tenau ang mai a ni. Chumi hnuah sample chu PCR hmangin genetic changes an zawng a ni.

He test atan hian engtin nge i inbuatsaih?

A tam zawkah chuan PCR test atan inbuatsaihna bik a ngai lo. Mahse, eng thil nge i test tih leh eng method hmanga sample lak danah a innghat. Entîr nân, thisen test ṭhenkhatah chuan a hmain dârkâr engemaw zât chaw nghei a ngai mai thei. Chuvangin, i doctor emaw, testing facility emaw hnenah thil danglam bik i tih tur a awm chuan zawh a tha ber.

PCR hian engtin nge hna a thawh? Science tlem a ni!

Hei hi scientific story deuh a ni a, mahse awlsam takin ka sawifiah ang. PCR hian a tih chu i DNA i zawn duhna atana danglam bik, chu chu a bik taka awm, sequence pakhat hriatchhuah a ni. Hetiang sequence hi cancer-a genetic change bik a ni thei a, virus emaw bacteria emaw genetic code a ni thei bawk. Hei hi target DNA an ti a .

"Polymerase Chain Reaction" tih hming hian target DNA copy tam tak laboratory-a siam (amplified) dan a kawk a ni. Hetiang hian enzyme pakhat DNA polymerase an ti a . He enzyme hian target DNA copy a siam a, sample-ah a awm a nih chuan.

He "chain reaction" hi solution pakhatin heating leh cooling cycle tam tak a paltlang hian a thleng thin. Cycle khatah chuan DNA hi a let hnih zetin a awm thei a ni. Pakhat atanga pahnih, pahnih atanga pali, pali atanga pariat... leh a dangte angin ngaihtuah la, a tawpah chuan copy maktaduai tam tak a siam chhuak ta a ni. Hei hi a thatna chu PCR hian DNA emaw RNA emaw tlemte pawh a hmuchhuak thei a, chu chu test dangin a hmuh loh tur a ni.

Vawi tam tak chu PCR an tih zawh hnuah scientist-te chuan amplified DNA an zirchian nan test tam zawk an tih a ngai thin. Mahse a chang chuan PCR process chhung hian solution-ah hian special label dah a ni a, chu chuan sample chu positive leh negative a nih leh nih loh a hriat theih a ni. Hetiang method hmang hian result rang taka hmuh theih a ni a, a bik takin virus ang chi infection zawn hunah.

PCR chi hrang hrang nge awm?

PCR chi hrang hrang a awm a. Ṭhenkhat chuan DNA copy emaw, zirchian emaw nân step dang tih belh a ngai a ni. A chi lian ber pahnih han thlir ila:

1. Reverse-Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) hmanga tihchhuah a ni.

Kan copy leh zawn duh genetic information chu DNA-ah ni lovin, RNA-ah a awm tih han ngaihtuah teh. (Entirnan, Covid-19 virus hian RNA a nei). Tichuan, he RT-PCR -ah hian tih tur chu enzyme bik (reverse transcriptase) hmangin RNA chu DNA-ah an chantir hmasa a ni. DNA lo awm chu complementary DNA (cDNA) an ti a. Chumi hnuah chuan a hmaa kan sawi tawh angin PCR kalphung pangngai chu tihfel a ni. A chhan chu, PCR pangngai chu DNA-ah chauh tih theih a ni.

2. A hun takah PCR / Quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) hmanga enfiah a ni.

Hemiah hian thil thleng chu DNA copy siam a nih rualin a chhungah hian special fluorescent label an dah tel a ni. Heng label te hian target DNA an binding hian light an pe chhuak thin. Tichuan, test dang tih belh ngai lovin, test titute chuan sample-ah hian DNA kaihhnawih a awm leh awm loh chu real-time-in an hmu thei a ni. Chu mai ni lovin, engzat nge awm tih pawh quantitative idea an nei thei bawk.

Thil buaithlak tak chu, mi thenkhat chuan hei hi "RT-PCR" an ti bawk. Mahse a hmaa kan sawi tawh Reverse-Transcriptase PCR nen chuan a inang lo. Tin, he Real-time PCR method hi a hmaa kan sawi tawh Reverse-Transcriptase PCR nen pawh hman dun theih a ni bawk. Tichuan Real-time RT-PCR (real-time RT-PCR) tih a ni ta a ni. He real-time RT-PCR method hi nasal swab test-na atan hman a ni a, RNA virus Covid-19 leh influenza te hriatchhuah nan hman a ni.

PCR test result hian eng nge min hrilh?

PCR test result i hmuh chuan a thumal hman dan pawh a danglam deuh thei a, chu chu i test dan azirin a ni.

• A tlangpuiin i result-ah "detected" emaw "present" emaw a awm chuan test-in a zawn ang genetic mutation emaw infection emaw i nei tihna a ni.
• Result-ah "not detected" tih a nih chuan test-in target DNA emaw RNA emaw test mek chu a hmu thei lo tihna a ni. Mahse, infection a nih chuan hei hian a chang chuan infection process-ah i test hma lutuk tihna a ni thei. Infection i la nei thei a, mahse chutih lai chuan PCR hmanga hriat theih tur virus emaw bacteria emaw a awm tawk lo mai thei.

Covid-19 PCR result hi engtin nge kan hrilhfiah ang?

Hei hi tuna mi tam takin an hriat chian tawh a ni.

• COVID PCR result positive - i report-ah "Detected" tih a awm tihna a ni - COVID-19 kai i nih a rinawm , a nih loh leh tun hnaia COVID-19 i dam leh tawh tihna a ni (a chang chuan PCR hi i dam hnuah pawh hun engemaw chen chu positive-in a awm thei).
• COVID PCR result negative ("Not Detected") i hmuh chuan hnar swab i lak lai khan COVID-19 i nei lo tihna a ni ber . Mahse, ka sawi tawh ang khan, a chang chuan, natna kai tirh lamah, a bik takin asymptomatic i nih chuan PCR test-ah negative a awm thei. Chuvangin symptomatic i neih chuan i doctor chuan ni engemaw zat hnuah test leh turin a fuih thei che a ni.

PCR result hmuh theih nan eng chen nge a ngaih?

Hei pawh hi test tih dan azirin a danglam thei bawk.

• Nasal swab test-ah hian influenza leh COVID-19 ang chi virus tlanglawn tak tak a awm leh awm loh enfiah hian darkar engemaw zat emaw, ni khatah emaw result a chhuak tlangpui.
• Thisen test leh biopsy hmanga genetic test hmanga result hmuh theih nan kar khat emaw a aia rei emaw a ngai thei a, a chhan chu analysis process hi a buaithlak deuh a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor i hmuh a ngaih?

PCR test emaw a result emaw chungchanga zawhna emaw, ngaihtuahna emaw i neih chuan i doctor nen inbiakna neihpui ngei ngei tur a ni. Engkim an hrilhfiah thei che a ni.

In lama hruai tur thuchah pawimawh ber

Kum 2020 COVID-19 hri leng nena kan nitin kan inbiaknaah "PCR test" tih thumal hi lut thut mah se, a takah chuan kum sawm tam tak chhunga doctor-te'n an lo hman tawh technology hlu tak a ni. PCR hian DNA emaw RNA emaw tlemte hriatchhuah leh copy theihna a pui a, chu chu hriselna dinhmun hrang hrang hriat theihna atan hman theih a ni.

Hei hi doctor-te tan chuan thil awmze nei tak a nih laiin, i tan chuan test neih hi a awm lo mai thei. Chu chu kan hrethiam. Mahse a tha ber chu i taksa sample tlemte chauh a mamawh a, a tih dan tur chu minute tlemte chauh a ni tlangpui. Hemi chungchangah hian zawhna, ngaihtuahna, rinhlelhna i neih chuan i doctor nen inbia ang che. Engkim an hrilhfiah ang che. Hrisel takin awm rawh!

` PCR test, DNA, RNA, genetic test, hriatchhuah, Covid-19, virus