Chibai! I dam em? Vawiin hian kan taksa chhunga sipai pawimawh tak tak leh mak tak tak te kan sawi dawn a ni. Kan ram venghimtu sipai te ang bawkin heng cell te hian kan taksaa natna lo lut lakah min veng bawk a, a bik takin virus ang chi hmelma lakah min veng bawk. Heng vengtu te te hi
cytotoxic T cells kan ti a . Ṭhenkhat chuan ‘killer T cells’ an ti bawk. Hlau suh, chu hming pu chung pawhin kan thian tha ber an ni!
Heng cytotoxic T cells te hi engte nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, heng `(Cytotoxic T cells)` te hi
kan immune system-a cell chi khat bik an ni. Police task force bik ang mai a ni. An hna ber chu kan taksa cell chhunga virus ang chi thil a luh hian hri kai cell zawng chhuak a, tihchhiat hi a ni. Chuvangin mi thenkhat chuan
`Killer T cells' an ti thin. A hming hi a khauh deuh nachungin an pui nasa hle. Ngaihtuah teh, kan rilru hma lamah hian
`(Thymus)` an tih gland te tak te kan nei a. Chutah chuan heng T cell chi thum te hi an lo piang ber a ni.
- Helper T cells: Hengte hi immune cell dangte tichaktu an ni a, "Hetah hian insual a awm a, hna thawk rawh," an ti thin.
- Regulatory T cells: An hna chu a tul huna immune cell dangte control hi a ni. Insual a zawh chuan, "Okay, enough is enough, stop it" tih ang mai a ni.
- Kan protagonist, Cytotoxic T cells: Hengte hi beihpui thlakna kawnga kal nghal a, hri kai cells te tichhetu an ni.
Heng cell te hi kan pianpui immune system-a mi an ni em?
Ni lo, chutiang chu i sawi thei lo. Heng `(Cytotoxic T cells)` te hi
‘cell-mediated immunity’ an tih maiah hian an tel a ni.
‘Adaptive immunity’ a tel ve a ni. Tunah chuan, ‘He innate immunity leh adaptive immunity hi eng nge ni?’ tiin i zawt ta a ni. Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh:
- Innate immunity hi kan pian tirh atanga kan taksaa awm thin defense system a ni. Kulh bang ang a ni a, hmêlma tu pawh chu chutiang bawka chhân lêt, duhthlanna bîk nei lo a ni.
- Adaptive immunity chu pawn lam atanga natna emaw, thil dang emaw kan tawrh hian zawi zawiin kan immunity hi a ni. Hei hi a chiang hle. Sipai bik training nei ang mai a ni. Hmelma an hriat tawh an tawk a nih chuan an hre reng a, a lo thlen leh hunah chuan an bei nasa zawk thin. Chutiang chuan heng `(Cytotoxic T cells)` te hian hna an thawk a ni.
Chuti a nih chuan cytotoxic T cell leh natural killer cell te hi eng nge an danglamna?
Heng pahnih hi kan taksa invenna a ni a, mahse an hnathawh danah hian danglamna tlem a awm. Ngaihtuah teh, `(Cytotoxic T cells)` hi commando ang mai an ni a, intelligence tip bik an dawn chauhvin an activate thin. Chumi awmzia chu, virus ang chi thil, thil engemaw an bei tihna a ni
‘Antigen’ pakhatin a activate hnuah. Mahse ‘Natural Killer cells’ te hi a danglam deuh hlek a. Cell tha lo bei tur hian special activation an mamawh lo. ‘Buaina a awm’ an hmuh veleh hna an thawk nghal mai thin. A awlsam zawngin:- Cytotoxic T cells hi a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan adaptive immune response -ah hian a tel ve a ni.
- ``Natural Killer cells'' hi 'innate immune response'' ah hian a tel ve a ni.
Tunah chuan an pahnih inthlauhna chu a chiang ta a ni lawm ni? Engtin nge heng cytotoxic T cells te hian hna an thawh?
Hei hi mechanism mak tak a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, `(Cytotoxic T cell)` tin hian a chung lamah thil bik `(CD8 receptor)` an tih chu a nei vek a. Detective-in hmanraw bik a neih ang mai a ni. He `(CD8 receptor)` hi kan taksa cell chunglama `(MHC Class I molecule)` te nen a inzawm tlat a ni. Heng `(MHC Class I molecule)` te hi cell hrisel tak a kai dawn tih hriattirna flag ang mai an ni. Chuvangin, chu `(CD8 receptor)` chuan hri kai cell a hriat veleh kan `(Cytotoxic T cells)` chu a thawk chhuak ta a ni. Tichuan hna tak tak chu a thleng ta a ni. Heng activated `(Cytotoxic T cells)` te hian molecule bik an siam a, chu chu chu infection tichhe thei tura siam a ni. Missile-in target a kap ang maiin a hrik kai cell-ah a kal nghal a, a tichhia a ni. Hei hian taksa pum puia hri kai darh theihna chance a ti tlem a ni. Heng cell te te hian an thil tih hi a mak lo em ni? Engtin nge cytotoxic T cell leh helper T cell te hi an thawh dun?
Heng pahnih hi team khata best friends ang mai an ni. Helper T cells hian immune system chhunga cell dangte a pui thin. Infection an hriat chuan chemical messenger cytokines an tih chu an chhuah chhuak thin. Heng cytokines te hi emergency message ang mai an ni a, chu chuan immune cell dangte hnenah, "Buaina a awm a, lo kal thuai rawh u," a ti a ni. Heng cytokines te hi kan cytotoxic T cells te tichaktu leh natna hrik dona atana puitu an ni. Phên dangin sawi ila, helper T cells te hian cytotoxic T cells te hnenah, "Okay, tunah chuan i turn a ni ta, kal rawh i hna thawk rawh," an ti a. He teamwork hriatna hian kan immune system a tichak em em a ni. Kan taksaah hian khawiah nge heng cytotoxic T cells te hi an awm?
T cells hi kan ‘bone marrow’ ah hian a lo piang tan hmasa ber thin . Tichuan, puitlin belh zel tur, chu chu ‘training’ tihna a ni a, a hmaa kan sawi tawh `(Thymus)` gland-ah an kal a. Training school kal ang mai a ni. He `(Thymus)` ah hian T cell te hi an lo thang tha hle a, hna thawk turin an inpeih tawh bawk. Tichuan, `(Thymus)` hian heng cell te hi taksa pum puiah a kal kual a. Kan 'lymphatic system' hi a ni.Taksa pumpuiah hian heng T cells hi a tam hle a. Cytotoxic T cells hi a bik takin an concentrate a, chu chu a tam hle tihna a ni a, a hnuaia hmun hrang hrangah hian:- Bone marrow a ni
- Intestines a awm
- Chuap
- Lymph nodes a awm thin
- Spleen tih hi a ni
- Tonsils a awm
Hengte hi an inring rengna hmun a ni a, engtik lai pawha indo tura inpeih reng a ni. Heng cytotoxic T cells te hi a nghawng thei natna a awm em?
Ni e, vanduaithlak takin heng kan invenna cell hlu tak takte hi a nghawng thei natna a awm a. ‘Autoimmune diseases’ thenkhat chuan T cells hnathawh dan a nghawng a. Chumi awmzia chu a chang chuan kan taksa hriselna (immune system) hian kan cell te hi a rawn bei tan thin tihna a ni. Thil awmdan lungchhiatthlak tak a ni. Chu bakah, T cells tichhe thei thil dang engemaw zat a awm bawk:- Acute lymphocytic leukemia : Hei hi cancer chi khat a ni a, thisen leh ruhro atanga intan a ni.
- Adult Hodgkin lymphoma: Hetiang cancer chi hrang hrangah hian cancer cell te hi lymphatic system atanga tan a ni.
- ` HIV` virus : Hei hi kan thisen var (white blood cells) beitu virus a ni. Enkawl loh chuan `(AIDS) .` tih natna a thlen thei
- Job syndrome: Hei hi immune system disorder awm lo tak a ni a, natna kai fo thin .
- Thymic aplasia: Hetiang dinhmunah hian mi chu a pian tirh atangin thymus gland chhia a nei a, chu chuan T-cell puitlin a veng thei a ni.
Hetiang dinhmunah hian kan T cell te hian an hna an thawk tha thei lo a, chuvang chuan immune system hrisel taka vawn reng a pawimawh hle.
Kan taksa chakna (immune system) hrisel taka awm theihna tura thil awlsam tak tak kan tih theihte chu engte nge ni?
Dik tak chuan, kan nun dâna inthlâk danglamna tê tête hian kan taksa chakna (immune system) chakna vawng reng tûrin kawng thui tak a zawh thei a ni. Kan security force-te tana chakna tha leh boruak tha siamsak ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. Thil awlsam tak tak i tih theih ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:- Zu hi pumpelh la, a nih loh leh a theih ang anga tihtlem rawh. Zu in tam lutuk hian immune system a tichak lo hle.
- Thlai, thlai, legumes, whole grains, lean proteins (nga, vawk ang chi), leh thau hrisel (avocado, nut ang chi) te nen ei tur inthlau tak ei rawh. Hengte hi kan taksa leh immune cells mamawh ei tur petu an ni.
- Exercise tih fo thin ang che . I taksa tichaktu, flexibility tipungtu, leh i heart rate tisang thei exercise (aerobic) te pawh telh bawk ang che. Ni khatah minute 30 tal kea kal hi bul tanna tha tak a ni.
- Zan khatah darkar sarih atanga darkar riat tal mut tha rawh. Mut hi taksa leh rilru tan chawlh hahdamna a ni a, immune system insiamthat turin a pui bawk.
- Meizial i zuk chuan , titawp rawh. Zuk leh hmuam hman hian i taksa hriselna (immune system) nasa takin a tichhe thei a ni. I chawlhsan theihna tura tanpuina i mamawh chuan i doctor nen inbia ang che.
- Natna hrik laka inven nan sahbawn leh tuiin kut sil fo thin ang che. Hei hi chaw ei hma te, bathroom hman zawh te, pawn lam atanga lo kal hnuah te a pawimawh hle.
Heng thil tenawm tak takte hi i nunah i belh chuan i immune system hian natna laka venghim turin chakna nasa tak a nei ang. Chuti a nih chuan, tûn laia kan zir chhuah pawimawh berte chu engte nge ni? (In lama hruai tur thuchah)
Tuna kan sawi `(Cytotoxic T cells)` te hi kan immune system-a cell chi pawimawh tak a ni tih tunah chuan i hrethiam tawh mai thei. Kan `(Thymus)` gland-a cell chi hrang hrang siam chhuah ber pakhat an ni. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, hriat reng tur thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:- Cytotoxic T cells hi hri kai, a bik takin virus infection dotu specialist an ni.
- Anni hian ``Helper T cells'' te nen hian kan ''adaptive immunity'' atana thil pawimawh tak angin hna an thawk a ni.
- Autoimmune natna thenkhat leh damdawi lam thil dangte hian kan T cells te hi a nghawng thei a ni.
- Nunphung hrisel kan zawm hian kan taksa hriselna kan tichak thei a, heng T cell hlu tak takte hi kan pui thei bawk.
Chuvangin, tunah chuan heng venhimna te tak te, mahse chak tak tak te hian i taksa chhunga i tan hna an thawk tih hi i hre tam hle tawh a ni. Anmahni enkawl that hi i mawhphurhna a ni!
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