I mit ah thisen a awm em? He hyphema hi i zir dawn teh ang!

I mit emaw, i hriat mi emaw mit chhungah thisen a lo awm nghal tih i hmu ngai em? Accident tenau tak hnuah pawh a ni mai thei. Hei hi thil hlauhawm tak a ni. Vawiin hian he natna hi kan sawi dawn a, chu chu mit chhunga thisen inzawmkhawm chi khat a ni a, damdawi lam pawhin hyphema tia hriat a ni. Ngaihtuah buai suh, awlsam takin sawi ila.

Hyphema chu eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, hyphema chu i mit chhunga thisen awmkhawm a ni a, chu chu anterior chamber tia koh a ni. He anterior chamber hi iris hmaa hmun te tak te, i mit rawng pe theitu hmun dum a ni. Hei hi han mitthla teh, i mit rawng nei hmaah, i mit hmun dum chunga thu, glass ang maia awm, membrane thianghlim (cornea) hnuaiah.

Thisen hi a tlem a nih chuan awlsam takin i hmu thei lo mai thei. Mit lam doctor chauhvin hmanraw bik hmangin a hmu thei. Mahse, thisen a tam a nih chuan i hmu thei mai thei. A tlangpuiin layer hnih ang mai a ni. A hnuaiah thisen hlui, dum chu i hmu thei a, a chungah chuan thisen thar, sen hring hring chu i hmu thei bawk.

A pawimawh ber chu i mitah, emaw, naupang i enkawl mitah emaw hetiang thisen a awm tih i hriat chuan, damdawi lam thurawn lak nghal a pawimawh hle Mahse lungngai suh, enkawl vat chuan he natna hi damdawi leh chawlh hahdamna hmangin a tidam thei fo.

Hei hi engtiang chiahin nge a pawi? Engtiang chiahin nge a intense?

Doctor-te chuan mit chhunga thisen awm zat a zirin hyphema hi an thliar hrang a. Thisen a tam poh leh natna hi a na zual a, harsatna a thlen theihna a sang zawk bawk. Classification chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Grade 0 (microhyphema): Hei hi thisen zam chi khat, layer anga hmuh theih loh a ni. Mahse, thisen a awm. Hei hi hmuh theih nan hmanraw bik a ngai mai thei.
• Grade 1: Thisen hi layer hrang hranga hmuh theih a ni a, mahse mit hmalam chamber hmun thuma ṭhena hmun khat aia tlem lo chu thisenin a khat a ni.
• Grade 2: Thisen chu layer-in a lang a, anterior chamber hmun thuma ṭhena hmun khat atanga a chanve vel chu thisenin a khat a ni.
• Grade 3: Thisen chu layer-in a lang a, anterior chamber chanve aia tam chu thisenin a khat a, mahse a khat kim lo.
• Grade 4 (total hyphema): Hetiang a nih chuan anterior chamber chu thisen dum emaw, dum emaw in a khat vek a ni. Hei hi "eight-ball" hyphema an ti \hin. Hetiang dinhmunah hian angle-closure glaucoma ang chi natna khirh tak tak neih theihna a sang hle.

Hyphema natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Hyphema i neih chuan symptoms i nei thei ang:

• I mit rawng (iris) leh i mit var (cornea) chunga membrane chiang tak inkar ah thisen a awm khawm niin a lang. I mit chhunga thisen tuikhuah te tak te ang mai a ni.
• Vision chu a fiah lo emaw, a dik lo emaw a ni.
• A bik takin naupang tê tê, an chau leh muhil angin an lang fo (hei hi lu hliam chhinchhiahna a ni thei a, chuvangin fimkhur hle ang che).
• Luak leh luak chhuak a awm (chumi awmzia chu i mit chhunga pressure chu hlauhawm takin a sang thei tihna a ni).

Heng bakah hian mitmeng a hring (swelling) pawh i hmu thei bawk. Hei hi hyphema chhinchhiahna tak ni lo mah se, hyphema thlentu hliam vang a ni thei.

Accident i tawh a, heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan emergency room hnai ber pan nghal rawh . Inenkawl hmasak hi a pawimawh hle tih hre reng ang che.

Eng thilin nge hetiang dinhmun hi a thlen?

Hyphema hi mit hliam, mit natna thenkhat leh damdawi lam thil dang engemaw zat avanga lo awm a ni ber. Eng nge an nih hi han thlir ila:

• Infiamna kaihhnawih chetsualna: A bik takin ball te (cricket ball, tennis ball) in mit a tlak chuan. Boxing leh fencing ang chi infiamnaah pawh a thleng thei bawk. Ngaihtuah teh, cricket i khelh laiin ball chak takin i mit a rawn deng a nih chuan...
• Silai: Air gun, paintball gun, pellet gun, leh BB gun ang chi thil atanga hlauhawm. Hengte hi a hlauhawm em em a ni.
• Car accident: Car accident-ah pawh mit a hliam thei a, thisen a chhuak thei bawk.
• Pentrating injury: Mit chhunga thil na tak a luh chuan.
• Recoil injury: Heng thil chi hrang hrang hman hian fimkhur hle tur a ni.
• Sickle cell natna: Hei hi genetic natna a ni.
• Hemophilia: Hei hi thisen zam harsatna a ni bawk.
• Von Willebrand natna a ni.
• Leukemia: Thisen cancer chi khat.
• Diabetes Mellitus emaw a kaihhnawih natna: Entirnan , zunthlum kaihhnawih retinopathy leh neovascularization .
• Mit cancer: a bik takin mit cancer .
• Mit surgery: A bik takin iris leh ciliary body hmanga surgery neih hnuah .
• Hetiang hlauhawmna hi thisen tihthianghlimna damdawi (anticoagulants) thenkhat hmangtute tan pawh a awm a ni .

Hyphema vei theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Hyphema vei theihna tur risk factor lian pahnih a awm a, chungte chu:

• Kum: Accidental hyphema vei zinga 70% leh 75% inkar chu naupang leh puitling naupangte zingah a thleng thin. Kum 10 leh 20 inkar te chu an hlauhawm ber a ni. Accidental hyphema hi puitlingah a tam zawk a, a bik takin kum 50 chunglam zingah a tam zawk.
• Gender: Mipa hian hyphema an nei tam zawk. Mithiamte chuan hmeichhia aiin mipain a let thum atanga a let nga velin an vei tam zawk niin an sawi.

Hetiang dinhmun hian eng harsatna nge a thlen?

Hyphema avanga harsatna awm thei ber berte chu:

• Ocular hypertension: Mit hmalam chamber-a thisen awmkhawm chuan aqueous humor chhuak tur chu a tikhawlo thei a ni. Hei hian intraocular pressure a tisang a, mit hypertension a thlen thin. Hei hian glaucoma a thlen thuai thei a , chu chuan mitdelna nghet tak a thlen thei a ni . Hei hi a hlauhawm hle mai.
• Rebleeding: Hei hi hyphema thlentu hliam chu thisen a chhuah leh tan chuan a ni. Hei hi thisen chhuah tirh atanga darkar 72 chhungin a thleng tam ber. Thisen chhuah vawi hnihna hi a hmasa aiin a na zawk tlangpui. Hun rei tak chhunga mit hmuhna leh mit lama harsatna nei thei a ni bawk. Chuvangin hei hi ven a pawimawh hle a ni.
• Corneal blood staining: Mit hmalam chamber-a thisen awmkhawm hian mit hnunglam (back layer) a tichhe thei a ni. Hei hi thisen tam tak awmna hyphema-ah a tam ber a, chu chu grade 3 leh 4 hyphema an ti a ni. Heng stains te hian i mit chu rei tak a ti sen thei a ni.

Hyphema hi sickle cell natna (sickle cell trait tia hriat bawk) vei tan chuan a na hle thei a ni. Hei hi a chhan chu sickle cell natna hian thisen sen (red blood cells) te chu a pianzia a tidanglam a, chu chuan mit atanga drainage channel-ah a tang tlat thin a ni.

Hyphema hi engtin nge kan hriat theih ang?

Mit lam doctor emaw emergency room doctor emaw chuan mit test awlsam tlemte hmangin hyphema hi a hre thei a ni.

I doctor chuan hetiang test hi a ti thei ang:

• Visual acuity test: Hei hi i hmuh theih dan tur test a ni.
• Slit lamp exam: Microscope bik hmanga mit enfiahna.
• Gonioscopy: Mit atanga drainage angle enfiah.
• Tonometry: Mit chhunga pressure tehna.
• Ultrasound test: Mit chhunga dinhmun en rawh.

Chu bâkah, i doctor chuan thisen lama harsatna ṭhenkhat a awm leh awm loh enfiah nân thisen test tûrin thu a pe thei bawk. I natna lan chhuah dan leh i natna chhan bulpui a zirin test dang tih a tha thei bawk. I doctor chuan hengte hi a hrilh belh ang che.

Hyphema hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Hyphema hi enkawlna hrang hrang a awm a. Heng enkawlna zawng zawng hian engmahin a "tidam" vek dawn lo a, mahse, harsatna lian tham lo thleng tur venna emaw, tihziaawmna emaw a pui thei a ni.

I hyphema a na lo a, harsatna a thlen theihna a tlem chuan enkawlna awlsam tak hmangin i lungawi mai thei. Damdawi thenkhat chu harsatna lian tham lo thleng tur venna atan a awm bawk. I doctor chuan heng damdawi pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw hi a hmang dun thei ang:

• Chawlh hahdam: I mit a dam hma chuan i mit chhunga pressure tipung thei thil hahthlak tak takte chu pumpelh rawh. Tin, i mit tichhe thei thil, lehkhabu chhiar leh TV en te lakah pawh inthiarfihlim bawk ang che.
• Mit venna: Mit patch emaw eye shield emaw vuah tur a ni. Hei hian mit hliam na zawk a veng ang a, i mit a chawlh leh dam theih nan a pui bawk ang.
• I lu chu chawi sang la: I mut dawnin pillow pahnih hmangin i lu chu chawi sang la. Hei hian mit chhunga thisen awm zawng zawng chu a chhuah tir thei a ni.
• Damdawi: Damdawi \angkai fo \hin chu anti-inflammatory drugs leh glaucoma lo awm tur venna damdawi te hi a ni. Doctor-te chuan hyphema vanga mit natna atan natna tidamtu acetaminophen (e.g. Panadol®) te an rawt tlangpui. Mahse, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (e.g. ibuprofen , aspirin ) hi ei loh tur a ni a, thisen chhuah belh theihna a tipung thei a ni.
• Surgery: Hyphema vei zinga 5% chauhvin operation an mamawh. Thisen chhuah emaw, mit tichhe thei tur chhinchhiahna dang emaw a awm loh chuan operation neih a ngai lo tlangpui.

In lamah engtin nge kan enkawl ang?

I hyphema hi a na lo a, symptom dang emaw harsatna dang emaw a thlen loh chuan in lamah i enkawl thei ang. Heng enkawlna awlsam tak takte hi a tlangpuiin:

• Chawlh hahdam: Mit a dam hma loh chuan mit chhunga pressure tipung thei thil hahthlak tak tak tih loh tur.
• Mit patch bun: Mit patch bun hian mit chu hliam na zawk lakah a veng thei a, mit a chawlh leh dam theih nan a pui bawk.
• I lu chawi sang: I lu chu i thinlung chunga dah hian mit chhunga thisen lo awm tawh chu taksaah a luang lut leh thei a ni.

Hyphema natna avanga operation tih a ni

Hyphema vei zinga 5% chauhvin operation an mamawh. Thisen chhuak nasa tak i neih a, darkar 24 chhunga i mit chhunga pressure a tlahniam lo a nih chuan emaw, i symptoms te chu i mit tichhe vek thei khawpa na a nih chuan zai a ngai mai thei.

Surgeon hian mit chhunga thisen awm chu a paih chhuak a, pressure a tihniam bawk.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

Hyphema atanga i dam leh lai hian i doctor emaw surgeon emaw thupek dik takin zawm tur a ni. Mit patch vuah tura tih i nih chuan hun bituk chhung, a tih ang chiah khan ha rawh. Hyphema hi ni rei lote chhungin a mah chauhin a dam tlangpui.

Enkawlna awlsam tak chauh i mamawh a nih pawhin, hyphema a lo awm hnu ni nga hmasa ber chu a pawimawh hle . Hetih lai hian i mit chu a inhliam leh theihna a sang zawk a, chu chu thisen a chhuak tan tihna a ni. Hei hian harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a, chutah chuan mit hmuh lohna a awm reng thei bawk. Chuvangin fimkhur hle ang che.

Hyphema hi ven theih a ni em?

Ni e, hyphema case thenkhat chu a tam zawkah chuan ven theih a ni . Mithiamte chuan infiamna kaihhnawih accident atanga hyphema case 90% chu venhimna mitmeng (protective mask, glasses emaw goggles ang chi) vuah hian ven theih a ni an ti. Tin, power tools hman hunah eyewear vuah hi hyphema venna kawng pawimawh tak a ni. Eyewear fit dik tak leh standard dik tak nena inmil hmang rawh. Glass pangngai hian he venhimna hi a pe lo tih hre reng ang che.

Mahse, a chang chuan spontaneous hyphemas a lo lang nghal a, hlauhawm chiang tak a awm lo. Anmahni ven dan tur a awm lo.

Hyphema chungchangah hian eng ang thlirna nge awm?

Hyphema hi medical emergency a ni a, a chhan chu harsatna a thlen thei a, chu chu mit tichhe reng tur leh mit hmuh lohna te a thlen thei a ni. Mahse, heng harsatnate hi damdawi lam pan vat chuan ven theih a ni . Mi tam zawk chu ni nga atanga ni sarih vel chhungin an dam leh thin a, enkawlna tha tak pek te, chawlh hahdam te, leh enkawlna awlsam dang te pawh a tel a ni.

Engtikah nge ka doctor ka hmuh ang emaw, enkawlna ka zawn ang?

Hyphema enkawlna hmasa ber i dawn hnuah a hnuaia chhinchhiahna emaw chhinchhiahna emaw i neih chuan damdawi lam pan nghal tur a ni :

• I mit iris hmaah thisen thar lo lang i hmuh chuan.
• Mit a inthlak danglam nghal emaw, mit i hmu thei lo emaw a nih chuan.
• I natna level a inthlak a nih chuan, emaw, natna lan chhuahna dang i neih chuan, rilru hahna leh luak chhuak te (hengte hian i mit chhunga pressure a sang lutuk thei tih a tilang thei).

I mit lam doctor emaw doctor dang emaw chuan eng symptom dang nge i ngaihven tur tih a hrilh thei che a ni.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I doctor hnenah hetiang zawhna hi i zawt thei ang:

• Eng thilin nge hyphema ka neih chhan?
• Ka hyphema hi engtiang chiahin nge a serious?
• Test tam zawk ka tih a ngai dawn em ni?
• Eng ang enkawlna(s) nge ka mamawh ang?
• Eng chen nge a dam theih ang?
• Office ka call tur nge emergency room-ah ka kal tur? A danglamna ka hmuh chuan engtin nge ni ang?

Hyphema leh subconjunctival hemorrhage hi eng nge an danglamna?

Hyphema hi i mit chhungah thisen a awm khawm a, i mit hmalam chamber-ah a awm khawm a ni. Hyphema-ah chuan thisen chu i mit rawng awmna hmunah a awm niin a lang. Chumi nêna inkalh takin, subconjunctival hemorrhage chu i mit var (sclera)-a thisen kalna kawng puak chhuak a ni . Hyphema hi a na a, mahse subconjunctival hemorrhage erawh a na lo. Mahse, an pahnih hian a rualin a thleng thei a, a bik takin accident emaw, hliam emaw hnuah a thleng thei a ni.

A tawp berah chuan take-home message:

Hyphema hi thil hlauhawm tak a ni thei. He natna hi na tak a ni a, damdawi lam pan vat a pawimawh hle nachungin, a hmaa enkawl hian i mit hmuhna humhalh theihna leh harsatna awm thei tur venna chance nasa takin a tipung thei a ni.

Mi tam zawk chuan damdawi leh mit a dam hma loh chuan chawlh hahdam ang chi thil awlsam tak tak chauh an mamawh a ni. I mit doctor chuan hei hi chipchiar zawkin a hrilhfiah thei che a, i dinhmun a dam thuai theih nan i tih theih turte pawh a kaihruai thei bawk che a ni. Chuvangin hlauthawng suh la, i doctor thurawn zawm rawh.

` Hyphema, mit a thisen chhuak, mit lama harsatna, mit hliam, mit hmuh lohna, glaucoma, mit lam doctor