Intensive care unit (ICU)-a mi pakhat hmu turin i kal tawh ngei ang. A nih loh leh a tlem berah chuan damlo pakhat chu a hmuiah tube dahin machine-ah an inbun a, movie i en tawh bawk. Chu chu i hmuh chuan tlem chuan hlauhna emaw, hriat duhna emaw i nei mai thei. Chu machine zinga pawimawh ber pakhat chu ventilator hi a ni. Mi tam takin hlau mah se, a takah chuan nunna chhanhimna hmanrua a ni. Chuvangin vawiin hian ventilator, a nih loh leh damdawi lam hawia ``Mechanical Ventilation'' tih hi eng nge a nih, engvangin nge a mamawh tih leh a kaihhnawih zawng zawng chu awlsam takin kan sawi dawn nia.
A awlsam zawngin, ventilator chu eng nge ni?
Ventilator chu thawk chhuah theihna tura puitu, a nih loh leh hna chu a pum puia la theitu machine a ni a, chu chu mahni chauha thawk theih loh hunah a ni. Ke ruh tliak i neih hunah kekawrte hian i rit chu a thlawp ang bawkin, ventilator pawhin i lung a thlawp bawk.
He machine hian thil pawimawh pathum a ti a:
- I lungte mamawh oxygen a pe a ni.
- I taksaa carbon dioxide gas awm khawm duh loh zawng chu i lungin a paih chhuak thei a ni.
- I lung chhunga air sac te tak te (alveoli) te hian a tlakbuak loh nan a inhawng reng theih nan pressure tul tak a pe a ni.
Doctor-te chuan he machine setting hi i dinhmun nena inmil turin an siamrem thei a, i mamawh tur support an pe thei bawk.
A pawimawh ber chu ventilator hi natna damdawi a ni lo tih hi a ni. I taksain natna a do a, a dam leh hma loh chuan i thawk a ti nghet tlat mai. Chutih lai chuan i doctor-te chuan i dinhmun enkawlna dang an pe thei bawk.
"Intubation" leh "Ventilation" hi thil hrang hrang pahnih a ni em?
Ni e, heng pahnih hi thleng dun fo mah se, hei hian thil kalphung pahnih a kawk a ni.
- Intubation: Hei hi doctor-in i hmui emaw, i hnar emaw atanga i thlipui (trachea) hnuai lam leh i lung chhunga tube a luhtir hian a ni. Hei hi ``endotracheal tube`` emaw ET tube emaw an ti bawk.
- Mechanical Ventilation: Hei hian a hmaa tube dah tawh chu ventilator machine-a thlunzawm dan a kawk a, chu chuan thawk lakna kawngah a pui a ni.
A chang chuan hetiang hian tube dah ai chuan i hmai chunga nghet taka in fit face mask hmangin ventilator nen i connect thei bawk. Chu chu rei lo teah kan sawi leh ang.
Ventilator therapy chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
Tunlai ventilator hman thin te hian positive pressure hmangin boruak chu lung chhungah nawr lut turin an nawr lut thin. Hei hi kawng lian pahnihin tih theih a ni.
| Enkawlna chi hrang hrang | A awlsam zawngin... |
|---|---|
| Invasive Mechanical Ventilation hmanga boruak luh theihna | Hei hian i thawkna kawngah tube dahin ventilator-ah connect a ngai a ni. He tube hi i hmui hmangin (intubation) emaw, i kawr chhunga incision te tak te hmangin (tracheostomy) i dah thei bawk . |
| Non-invasive Ventilation hmanga siam a ni | Hei hian hmai vel a in fit tha tak mask a hmang thin. He mask hi lu ah hian strap hmangin an inbun a. Ventilator atanga boruak lo chhuak chu he mask hmang hian lung chhungah a lut thin. In lama hman tur (CPAP) emaw (BiPAP®) ang chi device te pawh hi hetiang chi hi a ni. |
Engtikah nge ventilator hi mamawh?
Nangmah chauha thawk tha thei lo dinhmun khirh takah pawh ventilator puihna i mamawh mai thei. Entir nan:
- Surgery lian tak neih laiin: General anesthesia i neih hian i thawk theihna a tlahniam a. Chuvangin, zai lai hian ventilator puihna pek i ni ang.
- Lung infection emaw dinhmun na tak tak: Pneumonia, COVID-19, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), leh Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) te dinhmun a zual chuan.
- Emergency emaw medical conditions: Thlawhna kawng tikhawlo thei leh thawk harsa ti thei emergency eng pawh. Entirnan, allergy na tak (anaphylaxis) a awm.
- Thluak chhiatna emaw natna emaw: Stroke leh traumatic brain injury ang chiah hian thluak hian thawk turin lungah signal mumal takin a thawn thei lo.
- Thisen gas balance tihdanglam: Thisenah carbon dioxide a tam (hypercapnia) emaw, oxygen a tlem (hypoxemia) emaw chuan he natna hi control turin ventilator a ngai a ni.
- I thawkna kawng humhim rawh:Coma-a awm mi pakhatin an kâ aṭanga hmui emaw ei tur emaw a luak chuan an lungah a lut thei a ni. Chutiang a nih loh nan aspiration tube dahin thawkna kawng venhim a ni.
Eng chen nge ventilator-ah i awm a ngai dawn?
Hei hi ventilator mamawhna chhan dinhmunah a innghat vek a ni. Darkar tlemte, ni engemaw zat, kar tlemte pawh a ni thei. A tlem berah chuan thla tam tak emaw, kum tam tak emaw pawh i awm a ngai mai thei. Medical team thil tum ber chu ventilator atanga rang thei ang bera leh him taka chhuah tir che hi a ni . Chumi hma chuan i dinhmun chu an enfiah reng ang.
A tlangpuiin kar hnih aia rei ventilator-a awm a ngai dawn tih a lan chuan doctor-te chuan i ka chhunga tube chu an la chhuak ang a, i kawr chhunga incision te tak te hmangin tube an dah ang (tracheostomy). Hei hi damlo tan chuan hmanraw nuam zawk leh hun rei tak chhunga hman tur a ni.
Ventilator-a i connect chuan eng nge thleng?
Hetiang kalphung hi intensive care unit (ICU)-ah a thleng thin.
1. Pakhatnaah chuan i hahdam theih nan leh i mut theih nan sedation pek i ni ang. Chutih rual chuan tube dah laiin i taksa a che thei lo turin paralytic pek i ni bawk ang.
2. Chumi hnuah doctor chuan i ka kaltlangin tube (ET tube) chu i thlipuiah a thun lut a.
3. A tawp berah chuan tube chu ventilator machine nen a inzawm a. Tichuan machine chuan i tan thaw a thawk tan ta a ni.
Emergency-ah chuan hei hi a danglam deuh deuh, rang takin tih a ngai mai thei.
Ventilator-a i awm lai hian eng thil dang nge thleng?
Ventilator-a i awm lai hian doctor training bik team-in an enkawl ang che. Hemi hun chhunga thil thleng belh tur tlemte a awm bawk.
Close monitoring neih a ni
I taksa hnathawh dan enfiah turin monitor dang nen connect i ni ang.
- Thisen sang a ni
- Lungphun a thawk chhuak
- Thluak chakna (respiratory rate) a ni
- Thisen a oxygen level awm zat
Heng thilte hi enfiah reng a ni. Chest X-ray hmangin lungte dinhmun endik a ni a, thisenah oxygen awm zat enfiah nan thisen test an nei bawk.
Suctioning tih a ni
Thâwk chhuahna kawng (breathing tube) hian i thawkna kawngah mucus a siam thei a ni. Chuvangin, nurse te chuan tube chhungah hian tube te tak te (catheter) dang an dah lut fo thin a, chu chuan mucus lo awm chu a paih chhuak thin. Hemi hun chhung hian i khuh tlem a, i rilru a hah thei bawk. Hei hi entu tan chuan a nuam lo deuh thei a, mahse i thawkna kawng thianghlim taka awm reng a pawimawh hle.
Ei leh in
I ka chhungah tube i neih avangin i ei thei lo va, i in thei lo bawk. Chuvangin, i hnar atanga i pum thlenga kal tube te tak te hmangin liquid nutrition pek i ni ang. Fluid dangte chu saline solution hmangin vein pakhatah pek a ni ang.
Mobilization tih a ni
Khumah awm reng a tha lo a nih avangin medical team te chuan an che thei reng ang che. A châng chuan chutiang dinhmuna ding i nih chuan tlem tal kal kual tir pawh an tum ang che.
Ventilator i hman lai hian i conscious em?
Hei hi mi tam takin an zawh thin a ni. Doctor-te chuan a theih ang anga nuam leh thlamuang taka awmtir che an tum a, chutih rualin a theih ang anga fimkhur taka awmtir che an tum bawk. Mahse, i dinhmun a nasat chuan i taksa chu chawlh hahdam leh dam theihna hun pek nan `deeply sedated` i mamawh mai thei. A châng chuan, i kut chu tube-a i dah palh loh nân `restrain` a ni thei bawk. Hei hi i himna tur a ni.
Eng nge a hlawkna leh a hlauhawmna?
Damdawi dang ang bawkin ventilator hmanga enkawlna hian hlawkna leh hlauhawmna a nei vek a ni.
| A thatna te | Risk a awm thei |
|---|---|
| Thâwk la tûra thawhrim ngai i duh lo. Chuvangin i taksain chakna a neih zawng zawng chu natna tidam turin hmang rawh. | Bacteria hi thawkna kawng kaltlangin lungah a kal thei a, natna hrik (e.g. pneumonia) a thlen thei a ni. |
| Oxygen i mamawh zat i hmu ngei ang a, carbon dioxide pawh a bo vek ang. | Ventilator atanga pressure lo chhuak hian a chang chuan lung a tichhe thei a ni. |
| Lung chhunga air sacs te chu a khar loh nan a veng. | Lung chhunga hmun chak lo tak chu a hliam thei a, chu chuan lung a tikehsawm (pneumothorax) . |
| Thli kawng chu a inhawng a, a him bawk. | Lung hnathawh leh thisen sang a nghawng thei a ni. |
Thil pawimawh tak pakhat a awm. A chang chuan damlo dinhmun hi a nasat em avangin dam leh theih loh khawpin a na thei bawk. Chutiang hunah chuan ventilator nena inzawm chuan thihna chu a ti rei thei chauh a ni. Hei hian damlo leh chhungte tan tul lova hrehawm tawrhna a thlen thei a ni. Chutiang hunah chuan i doctor chuan he thu hi a sawipui ang che a, thutlukna tha ber siam turin a kaihruai ang che.
PEEP leh CPAP hi eng nge ni?
Heng thu pahnih hi i hre tawh ngei ang.
- PEEP (Positive End-Expiratory Pressure): Hei hi ventilator machine-a setting a ni. Damdawi lam thil thenkhatah chuan thawk kan chhuah hian lung (alveoli) chhunga air sacs te chu a khar vek thin. PEEP setting hian chu air sacs chu i thawk chhuah pawhin pressure tlemte hmangin a hawng reng a ni. Hei hian thisenah oxygen lut a tipung a ni.
- CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure): Hei hian thawk luh leh chhuah laiin thawkna kawngah positive pressure inang chiah chiah pek chhunzawm zel a huam a ni. Sleep apnea ang chi dinhmun atan hman a ni fo a, non-invasive ventilation method (mask hmanga) angin.
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, PEEP chu damloin an thawk chhuah laiin ventilator-a an pressure an pek thin kha a ni. CPAP hi inhalation leh exhalation-ah te pressure pek chhunzawm zel a ni.
Ventilator hi hmanraw pawimawh tak a ni a, natna khirh tak emaw, emergency emaw a thlen hunah i nunna chhanhim thei a ni. Natna a tihdam loh rualin, i taksain natna a do theih nan leh a dam leh theih nan a mamawh hun leh puihna a pe a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Ventilator hi nunna chhanhimtu machine a ni a, mahni chauha thawk theih loh hunah thawk turin a pui thei che a ni.
- Hei hian natna a tidam lova, taksain natna a do theih nan leh a dam theih nan a mamawh hun leh nghetna a pe a ni.
- Ventilator-ah hian thawkna kawng (invasive) emaw, mask (non-invasive) emaw hmangin i inzawm thei bawk.
- Ventilator i hman lai hian Intensive Care Unit (ICU)-a specialist doctor team chuan uluk takin an enkawl ang che.
- He enkawlna hian hlauhawmna nei mah se, a tam zawkah chuan nunna chhanhimna tur awmchhun a ni.
- Nangmah emaw, i chhungte zingah emaw he thil chungchangah hian zawhna emaw, ngaihtuahna emaw i neih chuan i doctor nen inhawng takin sawi rawh.
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