I thisen cell te hi a insiam tha lo em ni? Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang!

I chau leh chau reng reng em? Hna tlemte thawh hnuah pawh thawk harsa i ti fo thin em? A nih loh leh i taksa hmun tinah hliam leh thisen chhuak i hmu em? Hengte hi thil pangngaiah i ngai a, mahse, a chang chuan hei hi a chhan tur a awm thei a, chu chu tlem i ngaihtuah tur a ni. Vawiin hian chutiang dinhmun pakhat kan sawi dawn a, chu chu myelodysplastic syndrome a ni.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) hi eng nge ni?

Tunah chuan he Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) hi eng nge a nih i en ang u. Mi thenkhat chuan Myelodysplasia an ti bawk. Tun hnaiah chuan Myelodysplastic Neoplasm an ti bawk. A awlsam zawngin, cancer chi khat a ni . Mahse he thila thil thleng chu kan taksaa thisen siamtu cell bulpui – (hematopoietic stem cells) kan tih te hi an puitling tha lo a, chu chu an thang tha lo tihna a ni. Heng cell te hi kan ruhro (bone marrow) ah an awm a. Chuvangin buaina chu heng basic cells te hi an lo thanglian tha lo va, thisen sen, thisen var, leh platelet hrisel tak tak an nih atang hian a intan thin.

I taksain thisen hrisel a neih tlem chuan thisen tlakchham (anemia) ang chi natna khirh tak tak i nei thei a ni. Tin, natna hrik i kai tam thei a, thisen i chhuah tam thei bawk. Mi thenkhatah chuan MDS hi a na zual thei a, cancer a ni thei a, chu chu acute myeloid leukemia (AML) tih a ni.

He dinhmun, MDS tia koh hi a tlem hle . United States-ah chuan kum tin mi 100,000 zinga mi pali vel a vei a ni. MDS i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan i doctor-te chuan natna zual zel chu tihkhawtlai an tum ang a, i natna lan chhuah dante chu thunun an tum ang a, harsatna lo awm thei apiang chu an enkawl ang.

MDS chi hrang hrang eng nge awm?

Doctor-te chuan he MDS natna hi chi hrang hrangah an ṭhen a. Test eng emaw zat result an en thin. Chu test-te chuan eng nge an zawn tih hi han thlir ila:

• Thisen sen leh var hrisel leh platelet count: I thisen sen a hniam chuan anemia kan ti thin. I chau hle mai thei a, thawk i hah hle bawk.
• Thisen puitling lo, a nih loh leh blast: Heng blast te hi thisen puitling lo ang an ni. Bone marrow-ah hmun an luah tam lutuk a, thisen cell hrisel siam a harsat phah hle. Thisen var hrisel tak tak i neih loh chuan natna hrik i kai tam zawk thei. Tin, platelet hrisel i neih tlem chuan thisen chhuah tihtawp a harsa thei bawk.
• Sideroblasts te chu:Chungte chu thisen sen puitling lo an ni. An thil danglam bik chu hemoglobin siam nan iron hmang lovin iron an dahkhawm zawk a ni. I hria em, hemoglobin hi protein a ni a, kan thisen sen (red blood cells) te hian taksa pum puiah oxygen an phur lut thei a ni. Chumi atan chuan thir hi a pawimawh hle. Chuvangin, pathologist ten heng sideroblasts te hi an hmuh chuan i hemoglobin hian hna a thawk tha lo tihna a ni.
• Chromosomal abnormalities: Chromosomes hi kan cell chhunga genes awmna hmun a ni. Genes hi DNA atanga siam a ni. Heng chromosome-ah hian thil dik lo a awm a nih chuan thil engemaw takin i DNA a nghawng a, i thisen cell-a chromosome-ah inthlak danglamna a thlen tihna a ni.

Myelodysplastic syndrome natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

A châng chuan MDS natna lan chhuah lohvin i nei thei tih hre reng ang che. Chutiang hunah chuan thisen test pangngai (routine blood test) neih laiin a natna chu a lo lang chhuak ta a ni. Mi tam takin an tawrh ber chu thisen zam (red blood cell count), a nih loh leh thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) hi a ni. Mahse, thisen tlakchhamna leh MDS natna lan chhuah dan dangte chu natna dang, na lo zawkte nen a inang thei a ni.

Chuvangin, a hnuaia inthlak danglamna te hi i hmuh chuan, a bik takin kar engemaw zat hnuah a bo lo a nih chuan, Doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni.

• Thâwk la thei lo anga i inhriat chuan (hei hi dyspnea kan ti a).
• If you feel weak or extremely tired , leh hahdamna tam tak i neih hnuah pawh a reh lo.
• I vun chu a tlangpui aia a hring tih i hriat chuan. Vun dum i neih chuan doctor chuan i mitmeng hnuai lam, i hmui chhungah leh i hnar chhungah rawng hloh a awm em tih a enfiah mai thei.
• I hliam emaw thisen chhuah emaw a nih chuan.
• I vunah pin-point red dots te tak te i hmuh chuan hengte hi petechiae, vun hnuaia thisen kalna kawng te tak te te an ni thei.
• Khawsik natna i vei fo chuan .

Eng thilin nge MDS hi a thlen?

MDS tihhmasawn dan tlangpui pahnih a awm niin a lang. Pakhat chu he syndrome vei theihna tipung thei thil engemaw tih hi a ni. A dang chu genetic condition thenkhat rochun a ni.

MDS nena inzawm theih thiltih te

• A hmaa cancer natna avanga chemotherapy emaw radiation therapy emaw dawng tawh. Doctor-te chuan hei hi therapy-related MDS (tMDS) an ti a. A tlangpuiin tMDS symptoms hi enkawl a nih atanga kum nga atanga kum sarih velin a lang thin.
• Carcinogens thenkhat, zuk leh hmuam meikhu, pesticide leh benzene ang chi solvent te nena inzawmna.
• Mercury emaw lead ang chi metal rit tak takte nena inzawmna.

MDS nena inzawm thei hereditary conditions te

He natna vei zinga 4% leh 15% inkar hian genetic condition an rochun a, chu chuan he natna hi an vei theihna a tipung a ni. Chutiang dinhmunte chu:

• Fanconi anemia: Hei hi genetic condition hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni a, i ruhro hian thisen cell hrisel a siam tling lo.
• Dyskeratosis congenita: Hei hi genetic condition dang hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni. Hetah pawh hian i ruhro hian thisen cell hrisel a siam tling lo.
• Diamond-Blackfan anemia: Hei hi thisen natna hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni a, i ruhro hian thisen sen (red blood cells) a siam tlem hle.

Engtin nge myelodysplastic syndrome hi hriat theih?

Doctor-te chuan he MDS natna hi hriat theih nan step engemaw zat an zawm a:

• Complete Blood Count (CBC) leh differential test: I thisen sample lak a ni a, i thisen sen leh var te chu enfiah a ni. Thisen var chi hrang hrang awm zat a chhiar bawk.
• Peripheral blood smear: Hei hian i thisen sample-a thisen cell lian leh te, a chi, a pianzia leh a lian leh te a inthlak danglam em tih a enfiah a, chubakah i thisen sen (red blood cells)-ah iron a tam lutuk em tih a enfiah bawk.
• Cytogenetic analysis: Medical pathologist chuan thisen sample chu microscope hmangin a en a, i thisen cell chromosome-ah danglamna a awm em tih a en a.
• Bone marrow biopsy: He test hi tih tur hian doctor chuan i hip ruh chhungah hollow needle a dah a, bone marrow, thisen leh ruh sample a la a, microscope hmangin a enfiah thin.

Myelodysplastic syndrome hi eng stage nge awm?

Doctor-te chuan he natna hi acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-a a lo awm theihna tur a zirin stage hrang hrangah an ṭhen a ni. Risk-scoring system an hmang a, chu chu International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) an ti a ni. Doctor-te ngaihtuah ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Thisen tlakchhamna, thisen chhuah, natna hrik kai chhinchhiahna i neih pawhin.
• Leukemia vei theihna i nei a ni.
• I chromosomes inthlak danglamna thenkhat.
• Cancer natna avanga chemotherapy emaw radiation therapy emaw i dawn hnua MDS i vei emaw pawh nise.
• I kum leh i hriselna tlangpui.

Engtin nge myelodysplastic syndrome hi enkawl a nih?

Doctor-te chuan MDS enkawlna an ruahman hian thil engemaw zat an ngaihtuah a:

• MDS i neih chi hrang hrang.
• MDS vanga thisen tlakchhamna, thisen chhuah, natna hrik i neih emaw pawh nise.
• Cancer natna avanga chemotherapy emaw radiation therapy emaw i dawn hnua MDS i vei emaw pawh nise.
• i kum zat.
• I hriselna tlangpui.

Myelodysplastic syndrome enkawlnaah hian supportive care leh thisen cell hrisel lo tichhe thei enkawlna te pawh a tel thei a ni .

Supportive Care a ni

Hei hian a huam thei ang:

• Thisen pek emaw, thisen pek emaw: Thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) i neih chuan thisen sen (red blood cell) pek theih a ni. Thisen chhuah chungchangah harsatna i neih chuan platelet transfusion i nei thei bawk.
• Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA): He enkawlna hian i thisen sen puitling level a tisang a.
• Antibiotics: MDS hian i thisen var a nghawng thei a, natna kai theihna a tipung thei a ni. Chuvangin antibiotics pawh pek theih a ni.

Thisen hrisel lo tihbo nan enkawlna

Hei hian a huam thei ang:

• Chemotherapy: Hemi atan hian acute myeloid leukemia (AML) atana hman thin chemotherapy chi hrang hrang hi hman theih a ni.
• Immunosuppressive therapy: He enkawlna hi MDS subtype thenkhat tan hman a ni. He enkawlna hian overactive immune system a titawp a, thisen pek ngai lohna a ti tlem thei bawk.
• Stem cell transplant: Hei hian nangmah ngeiin thisen siamtu cell chu nangmah emaw, donor emaw atanga lo chhuak emaw, stem cells hmanga thlak a huam a ni. Heng stem cells te hi i thisen emaw ruhro atanga lak chhuah a ni. Heng cell te hi chemotherapy i dawn laiin freezer-ah dah a ni a, chutah chuan thawed a ni a, intravenous infusion hmangin i taksaah pek leh a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan heng cell te hi i taksaah an lo thang lian a, thisen cell thar an siam ta a ni.

Heng enkawlna tin hian side effect leh complication hrang hrang a nei thei a ni. Enkawl dan tur i ngaihtuah hian i doctor hnenah a hman dan tinte side effect leh complication te zawh a pawimawh hle.

Myelodysplasia vei te hian palliative care hi an hlawkpui thei a ni . He enkawlna hian MDS natna lan chhuah dan leh enkawlna avanga nghawng tha lo awmte enkawl nan a pui thei a ni. Tin, a pawimawh ber chu hetiang natna khirh tak nena nunpui avanga lungkhamna awm thei chu a thunun thei bawk.

Myelodysplastic syndrome hi tihdam theih a ni em?

MDS tihdam vek theihna awmchhun chu stem cell transplant hlawhtling tak a ni . Vanduaithlak takin he enkawlna hi mi zawng zawngin an nei thei lo. Hetiang chi transplant hi i tan a tha em tih leh i ngaihtuah tur option a nih leh nih loh i doctor zawt rawh.

Myelodysplastic syndrome vei dam rei zawng chu engzat nge ni ang?

Myelodysplastic syndrome hi hriselna lama harsatna lian tak a ni a, nunna atana hlauhawm tak a thlen thei a ni.Tin, hei hi hriselna lama thil buaithlak tak a ni a, mi zawng zawng hi a nghawng dan a inang lo. I doctor hi i mimal dinhmun leh i prognosis chungchang hriatna tha ber a ni.

Myelodysplastic syndrome hi a veng thei ang em?

Ni lo, mahse MDS vei theihna tur thilte hriatthiamna chuan doctor-te chu MDS hi a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl turin a pui thei a ni. Myelodysplastic syndrome hi chemotherapy leh radiation therapy nen a inzawm a, chubakah chemical leh heavy metal thenkhat nena inzawmna a nei bawk. I doctor nen i medical history leh chemical leh heavy metals nena inhnaih tak, hun rei tak chhunga i inhriat tawhna zawng zawng chungchang sawipui rawh. I mimal risk tehna atan an pui thei che a ni.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

MDS hian mi zawng zawng a nghawng dan a inang lo. Mi thenkhat chuan MDS nei mahse symptom an nei lo. Hei hi i tan a nih chuan i doctor chuan i thisen stem cells inthlak danglamna enfiah nan thla thum danah thisen test neih a rawt thei ang. MDS i vei a, thisen pek ang chi supportive care i dawng a nih chuan thisen pek tam lutuk tihtlem nan enkawlna dang i mamawh mai thei. I enkawlna thlawp tura i tih theih tur thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Zuk leh hmuam thil (meizial leh vaping te pawh tel) i hman chuan bansan tum ang che. I doctor hnenah zuk leh hmuam tihtawp programme chungchang zawt rawh.
• Nangmah tan chuan taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh.
• I duhzawng taksa tihchakna zawng la, a theih ang anga ti fo rawh.
• MDS hi natna khirh tak a ni tih hre reng la, doctor-te pawhin an enkawl thei a, mahse an tidam thei lo. I thil tawn hi mi zawng zawngin an hrethiam lovang. Nangmah ang bawka tawng tawh midangte nena inbiakna neih hian i pui thei ang. I medical team te hian heng ang program leh resources te hi an zawng thei che a ni.

MDS hi natna khirh tak ni mah se, beiseina nei lova nun a ngai tihna erawh a ni lo. He natna control thei tur enkawlna a awm.

Engtikah nge emergency room-ah ka kal ang?

Myelodysplastic syndrome hian thisen tlakchhamna a thlen thei a, thisen chhuah harsatna a thlen thei a, natna hrik a thlen thei bawk. I neih chuan emergency room-ah i kal ngei tur a ni :

• Khawsik 38.3 degree Celsius (100.4 degree Fahrenheit) aia sang i neih chuan khawsik hi natna hrik i vei theihna chhinchhiahna a ni.
• Thunun theih loha thisen chhuak i nih chuan.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

Myelodysplastic syndrome hi natna awm lo tak a nih avangin zawhna tam tak i nei mai thei. I doctor zawh theih tur zawhna thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• MDS hi cancer a ni em?
• MDS hian engtin nge min nghawng?
• Ka MDS hian hriselna lama harsatna lian tak a thlen dawn em? A nih chuan eng ang nge?
• Symptoms ka nei lo. MDS nena inzawm natna lo awm tur tihkhawtlai nan eng nge ka tih theih ang?

Take-Home Thuchah hnuhnung ber

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) i neih chuan cancer chi khat a ni a, natna khirh tak a ni. Natna engmah hi a awlsam lo va, mahse natna khirh tak nena nun chu a rilru lama nghawng a neih theih dan hmachhawn tihna a ni. Mahse MDS nena nun hian beiseina i bansan a ngai lo. MDS control thei tur enkawlna a awm. Myelodysplastic syndrome enkawlna thar zawng mek clinical trial-ah i tling mai thei. Mahni tana i tih theih tur pawh a awm bawk. I doctor hnenah nunphung inthlak danglamna, ei leh in tha leh exercise lak te zawt rawh. Heng thilte hian a hrisel thei ang bera awm turin a pui thei che a ni. Hlau ngai suh la, nangmah chauhin hrehawm tuar suh. I doctor nen engkim sawipui la, i mamawh tanpuina dawng rawh.

` Myelodysplastic syndrome, MDS, myelodysplasia, thisen cancer, ruhro, thisen tlakchhamna, thisen cell te