Oligodendroglioma: Hetiang thluaka natna chi hi a awlsam zawngin i zir dawn nia

Chhan awm lovin lu na i nei fo em? A nih loh leh i nunah a vawi khat nan seizure i nei nghal em? A chang chuan heng thilte chhan lian ber chu thluaka natna (brain tumor) vang a ni. Heng thute kan hriat pawhin kan hlauthawng hle a ni lawm ni? Mahse vawiin hian thluaka natna chi khat, tlem a awm lo, mahse enkawlnaah chuan a chhang tha hle tih kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu oligodendroglioma a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, oligodendroglioma chu eng nge ni?

Oligodendroglioma hi thluaka a lo awm thin a ni. A tlem hle a, ruhroah pawh a lo awm thei bawk. Heng tumor te hi kan nervous system-a cell chi khat glial cells an tih atanga lo piang chhuak a ni. A dik tak chuan, chu glial cell zinga ‘oligodendrocytes’ an tih cell atang chuan.

Tunah chuan heng glial cells, oligodendrocytes te hi eng nge an nih i ngaihtuah mai thei. Kan nervous system hi company lian tak a ni tih han ngaihtuah teh. A chhunga hna ber chu hnathawk neurons an tih te hian an thawk a ni. Thluak atanga taksa thleng leh taksa atanga thluak thlenga thuchah kengtu an ni. Chuvangin heng neurons te puitu, venghimtu leh an mamawh ei leh in pe thin tanpuitu pawl an awm a ni. Chu chu glial cells te an ni .

Chuti a nih chuan heng oligodendrocyte te hi engte nge ni?

He hming hi a mak deuhin a ri a ni lawm ni? Greek thumal engemaw zat atanga siam a ni.

• Oligo (Oligo-): te tak te
• Dendro (-dendro-): thing ang mai
• Cytes (-cytes): cell te chu a awm a

A awlsam zawngin, "Thing ang maia hnah nei cell te tak te" tihna a ni. Heng cell te hnathawh hi a pawimawh hle. Kan neurons te hian kut sei tak axon an ti a. Hei hi electrical signal kalna hmun a ni. Electrical wire ang maiin. Chuvangin he axon chhehvelah hian venhimna (protective sheath) a awm a ni. Myelin sheath an ti a. Hei hian signal te chu a kal chak a, leakage awm lovin a kal thei a ni. Chu myelin sheath chu heng cell oligodendrocytes an tih atanga siam a ni . Oligodendrocyte cell pakhat hian axon vel ah myelin sheath a siam thei a, chung leh hnuai lam neuron 30-40 vel a awm thei. Chuvang chuan thing ang maia hnah a nei an ti.

Chuvangin, oligodendroglioma chu oligodendrocy cells te inthen darh dan thunun loh atanga lo piang chhuak tumor a ni a, chu hna hlu tak chu an thawk a ni.

Heng nut chi hrang hrang hi a awm em?

Awle. World Health Organization (WHO) chuan heng tumor te hi an nasat dan a zirin stage (grade) ah a then a. Chutiang chuan oligodendroglioma hi chi hnih lian tak a awm a. Hei hi hriatthiam awlsam takin han thlir ila.

Oligodendroglioma natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

A tam zawkah chuan thluaka tumor symptoms hi tumor chu a lian tawk a, a chhehvel thluak tissue a press tan chuan a lang thin. Oligodendroglioma chhinchhiahna langsar ber pahnih chu lu na leh seizures te hi a ni . Dik tak chuan he natna vei zinga 80% vel chuan seizure an nei thin.

Hei hi a chhan chu he tumor chi hi kan thluak pawn lam ber, hrual hrual (wrinkled part) cerebral cortex-ah a lo awm tam ber vang a ni. He hmunah hian kan nitin hnathawhna, mit hmuhna, tawngkam, leh taksa ruh control-na atana mawhphurtu center-te a awm a ni. Tumor hian heng hmunte hi a tichak a nih chuan seizures a awm thei a ni.

Seizures bakah hian "focal symptoms" a awm thei bawk a, hei hian thluak hmun bik a harsatna a awm tih a tilang a ni. Chung zingah chuan:

• Taksa sir khatah emaw hmai sir khatah emaw taksa ruh chak lo emaw paralysis emaw .
• Hriatna hloh.
• Midang thusawi emaw hriatthiam harsa (aphasia).
• Mit chak lo, mit pahnih, mit hmuh fiah lo.
• Memory lama harsatna a awm.
• Ngaihtuahna leh ngaihtuahna seng harsa.

Hetiang dinhmun a lo awm chhan hi eng nge ni?

Hei hi thil pawimawh tak a ni. Oligodendroglioma hmuhchhuah tur chuan genetic change pahnih a awm a ngai a ni.

Kan taksa chhunga cell awmte hnena thupek pe thei recipe bu lian tak a awm tih han ngaihtuah teh. DNA kan ti a. He DNA hi a coil up na thil te hi chromosome an ti a. Cell inthen darh chuan he recipe book hi copy a ni. A châng chuan chu copy lai chuan tihsual a awm thei bawk. Awle, chutiang tihsual pahnih chu a chhan chu a ni.

1. 1p/19q co-deletion: Kan chromosome number 1 leh number 19 atanga hmun te te pahnih chu delete a ni. Hei hi heng tumor-a genetic marker ber a ni.

2. IDH1 emaw IDH2 mutation: Kan taksaa metabolism puitu enzyme siamtu gene-ah hian inthlak danglamna a awm a.

Tun thleng hian he natna hi a thlen theihna tur risk factor dang hmuhchhuah a la ni lo.

Hei hian eng harsatna nge a thlen theih?

Brain tumor avanga harsatna awm thei chu a awmna hmun leh a lian leh teah a innghat a ni. Fimkhur tur pawimawh thenkhat chu:

• Malignant transformation: A châng chuan, grade hniam (Grade 2) tumor chu hun kal zelah a danglam thei a, high-grade (Grade 3) cancer a lo ni thei bawk.
• Stroke ang chi dinhmun: Tumor a lo lian chhoh zel chuan thluak chhunga pressure a sang a, thisen kalna kawng a ti lian a, chu chuan stroke ang chi a thlen thin.
• Luruh ruh inthlak danglamna: Heng tumor te hi calcium deposit vangin a khauh thei hle. Tumor zawi zawia lo thang hian luruh ruhte pawh a nghawng thei bawk.

He natna hi engtin nge kan hriat theih ang?

Symptoms i neih huna doctor i pan hunah chuan step tlemte a zawm ang.

1. Taksa leh nervous system examination: Doctor chuan i balance, muscle strength, vision, leh reflexes te a enfiah ang.

2. Diagnostic imaging: Lu chhung lam en turin scan an ti thin.

• CT scan (Computed Tomography): Hei hi seizure ang chi thil a awm chuan tih hmasak ber a ni tlangpui. Heng tumor te hi CT scan-ah pawh hmuh theih a ni a, a chhan chu calcium a awm vang a ni.
• MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Hei hian thluak tissue, a lian leh te, a awmna hmun te chipchiar zawkin a hmu thei a ni.

3. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a.Brain Biopsy: Hei hi natna hi 100% a finfiahna test a ni . Scan ringawt pawh hian oligodendroglioma a ni tih a chiang thei lo. Biopsy-ah chuan neurosurgeon chuan tumor te tak te tak te chu surgery hmangin a la chhuak a, laboratory-ah a thawn ta a ni. Chutah chuan cell te chu microscope hmangin an en a. Tin, a hmaa kan sawi tawh, 1p/19q co-deletion leh IDH mutation te genetic change awm leh awm loh an enfiah bawk. An pahnih hian an awm a nih chuan oligodendroglioma a ni ngei ang.

Enkawlnate chu engte nge ni? Tihdam vek theih a ni em?

Thu lawmawm tak chu thluaka natna chi dang nena khaikhin chuan oligodendroglioma hi enkawl theih leh tihdam theih ber pawl a ni. A tlangpuiin enkawlna hrang hrang hmanga enkawl a ni.

Inzai

A tum hmasa ber leh pawimawh ber chu operation hmanga tumor a tam thei ang ber lak chhuah hi a ni. A chang chuan tumor hi a chhuak vek thei bawk. Hei hi thil tam takah a innghat a, chung zingah chuan tumor lian tham tak, a awmna hmun, leh i doctor thil tawn te pawh a tel.

Chemotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni

Chemotherapy hi operation hnua cell awm thei zawng zawng tihhlum nan pek thin a ni. Oligodendroglioma damdawi tha tak tak a awm nual.

• PCV enkawl dan: Hei hi damdawi pathum procarbazine, lomustine leh vincristine te inzawmkhawm a ni.
• Temozolomide: He damdawi hi PCV aiah hman a ni fo a, a chhan chu side effects a nei tlem hle a, PCV nen hian a thatna pawh a inang hle.

Radiation hmanga enkawlna a ni

Hei hian high-energy rays (X-ray ang chi) chu tumor awmna hmuna target a, cancer cell la awm zawng zawng tihchhiat a, a chhehvela tissue hrisel tihchhiatna tihtlem a huam a ni.

I doctor leh medical team te chuan eng enkawlna nge i tana tha tur tih te, eng chen nge a daih dawn tih te, operation hnua chemotherapy emaw radiation treatment emaw i mamawh leh mamawh loh te chu an rel dun ang.

He natna nen hian nun hi eng ang nge ni ang? (Hmuh dan tur) .

Mi tu pawhin thluaka natna hrik an hriat chuan an hlauthawng a, an mangang hle tih hi hriatthiam theih a ni. Mahse oligodendroglioma hi beiseina hloh tur dinhmun a ni lo.

Kum nga chhunga dam rei zat - natna hmuhchhuah atanga kum 5 chhunga dam zat - chu low-grade tumor-ah chuan 69% leh 90% inkar a ni. High-grade tumor tan pawh 45% leh 76% inkar a ni. Hengte hi statistics mai a ni a, i dinhmun hi a tha zawk thei hle.

Tin, tunah hian IDH mutation hmanga heng tumor te target thei damdawi thar chungchangah zirchianna kalpui mek a ni a, chuvang chuan hmalam hun atan beiseina tha tak kan nei thei dawn a ni.

I tih theih thil leh i doctor zawh tur zawhnate

He natna hi i vei a nih chuan i medical team-in thupek an pek ang kha zawm a pawimawh. A hun taka enkawlna hmuna kal a, i damdawi ei dik a pawimawh hle. Enkawlna hian side effect a nei thei. Doctor hnenah an chungchang sawipui leh an chungchanga tih theih dan tur hriat chu hlau suh.

I doctor hnenah heng zawhnate hi zawt hreh suh:

• Ka tumor hi eng stage (grade) nge a nih?
• Hei hi thluaka khawiah nge a awm? Eng theihnate nge a nghawng theih?
• Eng enkawlna kawng nge ka neih?
• He tumor hi operation hmangin a bo vek thei ang em?
• Enkawlna avanga side effect emaw complication emaw awm thei chu engte nge ni?
• Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, a pahnih hian ka mamawh em?
• Enkawl dan tur chu eng ang nge ni?
• Eng symptoms nge enkawl lai emaw, enkawl hnuah emaw doctor pan tur? (e.g., lu na nasa tak, seizures lo awm leh thin).