Me ako atu tātou mō ngā whakamātautau toto mō te mōrearea o te mate uaua ngakau.

Kua whakaaro kē koe ki te hauora o tō ngākau? I ētahi wā ka pāngia tātou e ngā mate e pā ana ki te ngākau, me te kore e mōhio. Heoi, he waimarie, kei reira ngā whakamātautau toto hei āwhina i te tautuhi wawe i ēnei āhuatanga mōrearea. Nō reira, i tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō ēnei whakamātautau toto me pēhea e āwhina ai i a koe ki te whakatau i tō mōrearea ki te mate ngākau, inā koa ko te mate uaua coronary (CAD). Me ngana tātou ki te mārama ki tēnei, me te mea kei te kōrero koe ki tētahi hoa.

He aha koe i hiahia ai ki ēnei whakamātautau toto?

Inaianei kei te whakaaro pea koe, "He aha ahau i hiahia ai ki ēnei whakamātautau toto?" Kāore e hiahiatia ana e te katoa i tēnei wā tonu. Engari tera ētahi āhuatanga ka tūtohu pea te tākuta kia mahia ēnei whakamātautau. Tirohia mēnā e pā ana ēnei take ki a koe:

• Ngā tikanga kai: He maha ngā wā ka kai koe i ngā kai kino, he nui te hinu, te huka, me te paraoa i roto.
• Hītori whānau: Mena kua pāngia tetahi o tō whānau, inā koa tō whaea, tō pāpā, ō tuākana/teina rānei, e te mate uaua ngakau (CAD) i mua i te 50 tau te pakeke .
• Te momona nui, te piki rānei o te taumaha: Mena he nui rawa atu tō taumaha tinana i te mea noa.
• Te kore whakakori tinana: Ki te kore e nui te whakakori tinana o te tinana i te awatea.
• Te kai hikareti: Mena he kai hikareti koe, he momo tupeka rānei kei te whakamahia e koe (hei tauira, te nati pī, te rau pī rānei).
• Ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora: Mena kei a koe ngā mate pēnei i te Mate Huka, te Toto Toto tiketike, kua pāngia rānei koe e te mate manawa, te whiu rānei i mua.

Mena kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei raruraru, he mea whakaaro nui kia kōrero koe ki tētahi tākuta me te whakamātau toto pēnei.

Ko wai mā ēnei whakamātautau toto?

I te nuinga o te wā, ka tangohia he tauira toto mai i a koe e tetahi kua whakangungua mō tēnei kaupapa. Ka karangatia rātou he "Tohunga Phlebotomist" he "Tohunga Phlebotomy" rānei. Kātahi ka tukuna tēnei tauira toto ki tētahi taiwhanga hauora. He "Tohunga taiwhanga hauora" kei reira. Ka whakamahia e ia ngā mīhini motuhake hei ine i ngā mea rerekē i roto i ō toto, ā, ka whakarite i tētahi pūrongo.

He aha ngā inenga o ēnei whakamātautau toto hei kite i te mōrearea o te mate ngakau?

Āe, kia tirohia tātou he aha tonu te āhua o ēnei whakamātautau toto. Koinei ngā mea e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta hei whakatau i tō tupono ki te mate manawa.

Cholesterol me ngā āhuatanga e pā ana

• Korekore Katoa (TC): Koinei te nui katoa o te korekore i roto i tō toto. He hononga tika tēnei ki tō mōrearea ki te mate manawa.
• Ngā Triglycerides (TG): He momo ngako anō hoki tēnei. E hono ana hoki ēnei ki te mate ngakau. Ka taea e ngā huka māmā, ngā warowaihā māmā (pēnei i te taro, te raihi), ngā kai momona, me te waipiro e kainga ana e tātou te whakanui ake i ēnei taumata `(TG)`. Ka taea tēnei te whakaiti mā te whakakori tinana pai.
• Lipoprotein Kiato-Teitei (HDL): Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te "cholesterol pai." Ki te nui ake i roto i te toto, ka iti ake te mōrearea o te mate ngakau.
• Lipoprotein Iti-Kōmaka (LDL): Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te "cholesterol kino." Ki te nui ake i roto i te toto, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te mate ngakau.
• Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)): Ka hangaia tēnei ina piri te pūmua e kiia nei ko te apo(a) ki te cholesterol LDL. Mēnā he teitei tōna taumata i roto i te toto, ka nui ake te mōrearea o te mate ngakau, te whiu, te toto totoka, ngā putunga ngako i roto i ngā uaua i muri i te pokanga bypass uaua coronary, me te whaiti anō o te uaua coronary i muri i te angioplasty. Ka taea hoki tēnei te puta i roto i ngā whānau. Nō reira, mēnā kua pāngia tētahi o te whānau e te mate ngakau i te wā taitamariki, ka tūtohu te tākuta i tēnei whakamātautau.
• Apolipoprotein B (ApoB): He pūmua nui tēnei i roto i te cholesterol. E kī ana ētahi rangahau he pai ake te tohu o te mōrearea i ngā taumata LDL anake. Ko te teitei ake o ngā taumata ApoB e tohu ana i te pikinga ake o te maha o ngā matūriki LDL iti, matotoru.

Ētahi atu wāhanga toto me ngā tohu nui

• Te Tatau Toto Katoa me te Rerekētanga (CBC): Ka ine tēnei whakamātautau i te maha o ngā toto whero, ngā toto mā, me ngā pereti toto i roto i ō toto. Ka taea e ia te kite i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te anemia, arā, te korenga o ngā toto whero.
• Homocysteine ​​​​(Hcy): He waikawa amino tēnei. Mā te nui o tēnei i roto i te toto ka nui ake te mōrearea o te mate manawa.
• Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c): Mā tēnei whakamātautau toto ka āwhina i te tautuhi i te mate huka. Ko te mate huka he āhuatanga e whakanui ake ai i te mōrearea o te mate uaua ngakau (CAD). E whakaatu ana tēnei whakamātautau i te taumata huka toto toharite i roto i ngā marama e rua ki te toru kua hipa.
• Te Huka Toto Nohopuku / Te Huka Toto Nohopuku: Ka ine tēnei i tō taumata huka toto i te ata i muri i tō nohopuku i te pō. Ka taea e ia te kite i te mate huka me te mate huka, ā, e rua ēnei e whakanui ake ana i tō mōrearea ki te mate ngakau.
• Creatine Kinase (CK): He whākōkī tēnei e kitea ana i roto i ngā uaua. Tērā pea ka piki ake ōna taumata mēnā kei te tango koe i ngā rongoā whakaheke cholesterol (hei tauira, ngā statin).
• Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) SGPT rānei: He whākōkī tēnei e kitea ana i roto i te ate. Tērā pea ka piki ake ōna taumata ina tangohia e koe ngā rongoā whakaheke cholesterol.
• Aspartate Transaminase (AST) SGOT rānei: Ko tētahi atu whākōkī tēnei i roto i te ate. Ka taea hoki te piki ake ina tangohia ngā rongoā whakaheke cholesterol.
• Fibrinogen:He pūmua tēnei i roto i tō toto. Ka āwhina i te toto kia totoka. Engari ki te nui rawa, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te mate manawa.
• Te Hormone Whakaoho i te Tairoiro (TSH): Mā tēnei ka ine i te pai o te mahi a tō repe tairoiro. Kua honoa te ngoikore o te tairoiro ki te mate manawa me ngā ngakau pākiki rerekē.
• Pūmua C-reactive tino tairongo (us-CRP) te CRP tairongo-teitei rānei: He tohu tēnei kei te mumura ngā oko toto. Ka teitei ake tōna taumata, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te mate ngakau me ngā oko toto.
• Te Ōwehenga Albumin-Creatinine Mimi (uACR): Ka ine tēnei i te nui o te pūmua i roto i te mimi. Ahakoa he iti noa te pūmua i roto i te mimi, he take mōrearea anō hoki tēnei mō te mate ngakau. He mea nui rawa atu tēnei whakamātautau mō te hunga mate huka.
• MPO (Myeloperoxidase): He tohu anō hoki tēnei mō te mumura. E hono ana ngā taumata tiketike o tēnei ki te pikinga ake o te mōrearea o te mate manawa, te whiu, me te hiahia mō te pokanga arai uaua coronary. Ka taea hoki e ngā taumata tiketike o tēnei te tohu i te kino haere o te mate manawa.
• Huaora D: He huaora wairewa-ngako tēnei. Ka whakahaere i ngā taumata konupūmā me te phosphate i roto i te tinana. Ka āwhina ēnei ki te pupuri i te hauora o ngā wheua. E pā ana te korenga o te huaora D ki ngā momo mōrearea hauora. Waihoki, ki te mea he uaua ki a koe te aro ki ngā statins (ngā rongoā cholesterol), ko tēnei korenga o te huaora D pea tētahi o ngā take.
• Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO): Ka hangaia tēnei e ngā huakita i roto i tō puku. He nui te kitea i roto i te mīti, te hua manu, me ngā hua miraka. Ka taea hoki e ngā tāpiringa pēnei i te choline, te lecithin, me te L-carnitine te whakanui ake i ngā taumata TMAO. Ka taea e ngā taumata tiketike o te TMAO i roto i te toto te whakanui ake i te mōrearea o te mate manawa, te whiu, me te atherosclerosis.
• Peptide Natriuretic Amino-terminal, pro-Brain (NT-proBNP): Ka hangaia tēnei pūmua i roto i tō ngākau. Ka tukuna ki roto i te toto ina taumaha rawa tō ngākau. Ko te nui o tēnei pūmua e tohu ana i te nui ake o te mōrearea o te mate ngākau, ā, ka tohu hoki i te hekenga o te mahi a te ngākau. Tērā pea ka mahia ētahi atu whakamātautau hei rapu atu i ētahi atu mōhiohio.
• Te Creatinine Serum (CR): E pā ana tēnei ki te mahi a ngā whatukuhu. Mēnā kāore ngā whatukuhu e mahi tika ana, ka pāngia te ngākau e te taumahatanga. Ko te ngoikore o te whatukuhu mau tonu he āhuatanga ka piki ake te mōrearea o te mate ngākau. Ā, ka pāngia hoki ngā whatukuhu e te ngākau.
• Kaute Mōrearea o te Mate Ngakau Atherosclerotic (ASCVD): Ka matapaetia e tēnei kaute tō mōrearea ki te pāngia e tētahi āhuatanga "atherosclerotic" (pēnei i te whakaeke ngakau, te whiu rānei) i roto i ngā tau 10 e whai ake nei.

Whakaarohia pēnei, he rite ia o ēnei whakamātautau ki tētahi kaitirotiro. Ka whakamahia ia tohu hei whakakotahi i te pikitia katoa. Waihoki, ka tirohia e ngā tākuta ēnei pūrongo whakamātautau, ā, ka tae ki tētahi whakatau mō te hauora o tō ngākau.

Me pēhea te whakarite i mua i te whakamātautau toto?

I mua i te tango toto, he mea nui kia pātai atu koe ki tō tākuta mēnā me mutu te tango i ngā rongoā, i ngā huaora, i ngā tāpiringa rānei e tangohia ana e koe. Ka pā pea ētahi rongoā ki ngā hua o ngā whakamātautau toto. Engari kaua rawa e mutu te tango i ngā rongoā me te kore he tohutohu a tō tākuta.

Ko ētahi whakamātautau toto me nohopuku koe mō ētahi hāora (8-12 hāora te nuinga) i mua i te whakamātautau. Nō reira, pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō tēnei i mua i te whakamātautau.

He aha ngā mea ka tupu i te wā o te whakamātautau?

I te nuinga o te wā ka werohia e te tākuta toto he ngira ki roto i te uaua o tō ringa o runga, i roto rānei i tō tuke. Tērā pea ka rongo koe i te ngau i te wā e werohia ana te ngira ki roto i te uaua. Tata ki te meneti te roa o te tango toto.

He aha te mea ka tupu i muri i te tango toto?

I muri i te tangohanga o te tauira toto, ka tangohia e te tākuta toto te ngira, ka pupuri i te wāhi i puta ai te tauira toto ki tōna tūranga, ka pania he pāreti, he miro rānei, kātahi ka pania he here.

He aha ngā hua ka puta mai i ahau? He aha tā rātou e kī mai ana ki ahau?

Ka rerekē ngā hua i runga i ngā mea rerekē o roto i tō toto. Ka kōrero tō tākuta ki a koe mō ō hua, ā, ka kī atu hoki ki a koe he aha te mahi e whai ake nei.

Anei ētahi uara e tumanakohia ana mō ētahi whakamātautau matua e pā ana ki te mōrearea o te mate ngakau:

• Kolesterol Katoa (TC):
• 20 tau te pakeke, iti iho rānei: I waenganui i te 75 - 169 mg/dL.
• 21 tau te pakeke, neke atu rānei: I waenganui i te 100 - 199 mg/dL.
• Triglycerides (TG): He pai te iti iho i te 150 mg/dL. Mena he nui ake i te 500 - 1000 mg/dL, tera pea ka pāngia koe e te pancreatitis. He nui ake tēnei taumata i roto i te hunga momona me te hunga mate huka.
• Lipoprotein kiato-teitei (HDL - "cholesterol pai"): Ka teitei ake tēnei, ka pai ake.
• Tāne: neke atu i te 45 mg/dL.
• Wahine: neke atu i te 55 mg/dL.
• Lipoprotein iti-kiato (LDL - "cholesterol kino"): Ko te iti iho, ko te pai ake. Ka rerekē te taumata e tumanakohia ana i runga i tō āhua hauora:
• Mena kei a koe te mate manawa, te mate toto, te mate huka, te mōrearea rānei ki te mate manawa: I raro i te 70 mg/dL.
• Mena kei a koe te `(Metabolic Syndrome)`, neke atu rānei i te kotahi ngā take mōrearea mō te mate ngakau: I raro i te 100 mg/dL.
• Mena he iti tō mōrearea ki te mate uaua ngakau: I raro i te 130 mg/dL.
• Te tatau toto katoa (CBC):
• Te maha o ngā pūtau toto mā: 5,000 - 10,000 (mō ia maikororita).
• Hematocrit (te nui o te toto i hangaia mai i ngā toto whero): Tāne 40% - 55%; Wahine 36% - 48%.
• Te Hemoglobin (te wāhanga o ngā toto whero e kawe ana i te hāora): Ngā tāne 14 - 18 karamu/dL; Ngā uwha 12 - 16 karamu/dL.
• Lipoprotein (A) (Lp(a)): He pai te iti iho i te 30 mg/dL.
• Apolipoprotein B (ApoB): He pai te iti iho i te 100 mg/dL.
• Homocysteine ​​​​(Hcy): He pai te iti iho i te 15 mcmol/L.
• Te toto toto A1c (HbA1c):
• Taumata hauora: 6% iti iho rānei.
• Te mate huka i mua i te mate: 5.7% - 6.4%.
• Mate huka: 6.5% neke atu rānei.
• Whāinga mō te tangata he mate huka: 6.5% - iti iho i te 7%.
• Te Huka Toto Nohopuku: He pai te iti iho i te 100 mg/dL.
• Te mate huka i mua i te mate: 100 - 125 mg/dL.
• Mate huka: 126 mg/dL, neke atu rānei i ngā wā e rua.
• Creatine Kinase (CK): Awhe noa 30 - 220 U/L.
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT): Awhe noa 5 - 45 U/L.
• Aspartate transaminase (AST/SGOT): Awhe noa 7 - 40 U/L.
• Fibrinogen: Awhe noa 200 - 400 mg/dL.
• Te Hormone Whakaoho i te Tairoiro (TSH): Ko te awhe pai ko te 0.4 - 5.5 mIU/mL. (Tērā pea ka rerekē tēnei mēnā kua whiwhi koe i te maimoatanga tairoiro o mua.)
• Pūmua C-reactive tino tairongo (us-CRP):
• Mōrearea iti: iti iho i te 2.0 mg/L.
• Mōrearea āhua: 2.0 - 3.0 mg/L.
• Te mōrearea nui: neke atu i te 3.0 mg/L.
• Te ōwehenga o te albumin-creatinine mimi (uACR): He pai te iti iho i te 30 mg/g.
• MPO: He pai te iti iho i te 420 pmol/L.
• Huaora D: Ko te awhe tino pai ko te 31 - 80 ng/ml.
• Te N-waikura o te Trimethylamine (TMAO):
• Mōrearea iti: iti iho i te 6.2 uM.
• Mōrearea āhua: 6.2 - 9.9 uM.
• Te mōrearea nui: 10 uM, neke atu rānei.

(Mēnā he teitei ngā taumata TMAO, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia whakaitihia te LDL me te whakahaere i ētahi atu āhuatanga mōrearea. Ka tūtohu pea rātou kia tangohia he iti te horopeta o te aspirin e rua ngā wā i te rā, me te whai i te kai Mediterranean.)

• NT-proBNP: He pai te iti iho i te 125 pg/mL.
• Creatinine toto (CR):
• Wahine: 0.58 - 0.96 mg/dL.
• Tāne: 0.73 - 1.22 mg/dL.
• Kaute mōrearea ASCVD:
• Mōrearea iti: <5%
• Mōrearea tata: 5-7.4%
• Mōrearea āhua: 7.5-<20%
• Te mōrearea nui: >20%

He mea nui: He uara toharite noa iho ēnei. Me whakarite ō hua ki ngā āhuatanga maha atu, pēnei i tō tau, tō ira tangata, me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora. Nō reira , he mea nui kia kōrerohia ēnei hua ki tō tākuta.

Kia pēhea te roa ka mōhiotia ai ngā hua?

He maha ngā rā, he roa ake rānei te wā ka puta mai ai ngā hua o te whakamātautau toto. Pātai atu ki tō tākuta kia pēhea te roa ka puta mai ai ō hua.

Me kite anō ahau i te tākuta?

Mena kāore anō kia tae mai ngā hua o tō whakamātautau i muri i te rua wiki pea, waea atu ki tō tākuta. Kia tae mai ngā hua, ka kōrerotia e tō tākuta ki a koe, ā, ka kī atu hoki ki a koe he aha te mahi e whai ake nei.

Kia maumahara, ahakoa ka taea e ngā whakamātautau toto te whakaatu i te tūponotanga o te mate manawa, kāore e taea e rātou anake te kī atu kei a koe te mate. Mena ka whakaatuhia e ō whakamātautau toto he nui tō tūponotanga, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia whakamātauria anō. Kaua e wehi ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā pātai, ngā āwangawanga rānei kei a koe puta noa i tēnei tukanga.

Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga

He mea nui ēnei whakamātautau toto hei kimi wawe i te mate manawa. I runga i ngā mōhiotanga e whakaratohia ana, ka taea e koe te whakarerekē i tō āhua noho, ā, ki te tika, ka taea te tīmata i te maimoatanga. Kātahi ka nui ake tō tūponotanga ki te tiaki i a koe anō mai i te mate manawa kino.

Kia maumahara:

• Mena kei a koe ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te mate ngakau (ko ērā i kōrerotia i mua ake nei), me whakahaere ēnei whakamātautau i runga i te tohutohu a te tākuta.
• Kōrero mārire ki te tākuta mō ngā hua.
• Kaua e manukanuka mēnā e whakaatu ana ngā hua he nui te mōrearea. Ko te tikanga me tiaki nui ake tō hauora.
• Ka taea e koe te pupuri i te hauora o tō ngākau mā te whai i tētahi kai hauora, te whakakori tinana i ngā wā katoa , me te karo i te momi hikareti .

He mea nui te ngākau ki a koe, he mea nui anō hoki te mōhio ki te hauora o tō ngākau!

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