Kua rongo pea koe i ō tūpuna mō te "mate nui" o mua. Ko te rewharewha tēnā. I tino wehi te iwi i te rewharewha i taua wā, ā, i whakaaro rātou he tohu mate. Engari he waimarie tātou i tēnei rā, nā te mea kua kore tēnei mate kino i te ao. Nō reira, me kōrero tātou mō te rewharewha, me pēhea te whakakorenga, me te take he mea nui kia mōhio ki tēnei mate.
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He aha rawa te mate rewharewha?
He kupu ngāwari noa iho, he mate tino kino, he mate hopuhopu te rewharewha i horapa puta noa i te ao i ngā tau kua pahure. Ina puta mai, ka puta mai ngā pupuhi (pustules) kī tonu i te wai, kī tonu i te pūkahukahu, mārō, rite tonu ki te kōhatu, puta noa i te tinana. I muri i te maroke o ēnei pupuhi, ka toe tonu ngā koha hohonu e mau tonu ana mō te oranga katoa. Ehara i te mea koinā anake, engari tata ki te kotahi i roto i te toru o ngā tāngata i pangia e tēnei mate ka mate . Whakaarohia te kino o tēnā. E miriona ngā tāngata i mate i tēnei mate.
Heoi, mai i te tekau tau atu i 1960, kua mahi tahi te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao (WHO) me ngā whenua katoa o te ao ki te whakakore i te mate. Nā te werohanga me te whakahaere i te mate, kua angitu tēnei mahi nui. I te tau 1980, i whakapuakina mana kua whakakorea katoatia te rewharewha i te ao . Ko te keehi tūturu whakamutunga o te mate i puta i te tau 1977 i pūrongohia.
Nā, kāore e kitea te mate rewharewha i ngā wāhi katoa o te ao ināianei?
Kāore. Kāore te rewharewha e horapa noa i waenga i te tangata i ēnei rā. Kāore anō kia puta he kēhi rewharewha i te ao mō ngā tau neke atu i te 45.
Koinei tētahi o ngā whakatutukitanga nui rawa atu i roto i te hītori o te rongoā me te hauora tūmatanui. He mea whakamiharo te huihui mai o te iwi, te mahi tahi, me te whakakore i tētahi mate kino i te ao.
Heoi, ko ngā tauira o te huaketo e hua ai te rewharewha, te huaketo Variola, kua rongoatia i raro i te tino haumarutanga i roto i ngā taiwhanga e rua i te Hononga o Amerika me Rūhia mō ngā kaupapa rangahau anake.
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Check Availability →I pēhea tātou i hinga ai i tēnei mate kino?
I whakakorea te mate rewharewha nā ētahi āhuatanga. He mea tino nui tēnei kia mārama.
- I pā ki te tangata anake: I pā tēnei mate ki te tangata anake. Kāore i horapa mā roto i ētahi atu huarahi, pērā i ngā kararehe, i ngā waeroa rānei. Nō reira, he ngāwari noa te whakahaere i te mate.
- Ngāwari te mōhio: I pāngia te hunga katoa i pangia e te rewharewha e ngā tohu. Nā te āhua o te ponana, he ngāwari te mōhio ki tētahi tangata kua pangia e te mate. Kāore he kaikawe tohu kore i te mōhio kei a rātou te mate, ā, ka horapa atu ki ētahi atu.
- Horahia āta:I tīmata te horapa o te mate i te wā e tino mate ana te tūroro, ā, kāore e taea te nekeneke haere. Nō reira, ko te tikanga ka horapa te mate mā te pā tata anake, pērā i waenga i te hunga e noho ana i te whare kotahi.
- Tikanga "Whāngaitanga Mowhiti": Nā te mea i horapa noa te mate ki ngā tāngata tata, i taea e ngā āpiha hauora te kimi tere i te hunga katoa i pā atu ki te tūroro (ngā mema o te whānau, ngā hoa noho) me te werohanga i a rātou. I huaina tēnei ko te "wāngaitanga mowhiti." Nā tēnei i aukati te horapa o te mate ki tua atu o taua rohe.
- Te ārai mate o mua: Nā te mea kua roa te mate nei e ora ana, kua ora kē ētahi tāngata i te mate, ā, kua whanake kē te ārai mate tūturu. Nō reira, he iti ake ngā tāngata i hiahiatia kia werohangahia hei aukati i te horapa o te mate.
He aha ngā tohu o te mate rewharewha?
He maha ngā wāhanga ka puta ai ngā tohumate o te rewharewha. He mea nui kia mōhio tika koe ki tēnei.
| Tohu | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Ngā āhuatanga tuatahi | E rua ki te whā ngā rā e roa ana. Ka puta he kirika nui, he ānini nui, he mamae tuara, he mamae puku, he ngenge nui me te ngoikore, me te ruaki. |
| Whēwhe | Ka tīmata tuatahi i roto i te mangai me te mata, kātahi ka horapa puta noa i te tinana. |
| Ngā mirumiru me te whakapūkara | Ka huri ngā ira whero tuatahi hei mariao, kātahi ka huri hei pupuhi mārō, pupuhi (pustules). Ka kī tonu ēnei i te pupuhi. |
Ko ngā tohu tuatahi, pērā i te kirika me te ānini, ka roa mō ngā rā e rua, e toru rānei. Tērā pea ka haere tonu te kirika ahakoa kua puta te ponana. He maha ngā wāhanga o te ponana.
Ngā Wāhanga o te Whanaketanga o te Ponana
He mate tino motuhake te rewharewha. Me titiro tātou ki ōna wāhanga.
| Atamira | He aha te mea e tupu ana? |
|---|---|
| 1. Te Pōuri o te Whewhe | Whai muri i ngā tohu tuatahi, ka puta ngā ira whero ki te arero, ki roto i te waha, me te korokoro. Ka huri ēnei hei mariao me hei pupuhi. Koinei te wā e tino horapa ai te mate. |
| 2. Te horapa o te ponana | I muri i te putanga mai o ngā mate pukupuku i roto i te waha, ka horapa te ponana ki te mata, kātahi ki ngā ringa, ki ngā waewae, ki te uma, me te tuara. I roto i te rā kotahi, ka kapi katoa te tinana, tae atu ki ngā nikau me ngā kapu o te waewae, i te ponana. |
| 3. Ngā Pustule | Ka tīmata ngā puku o te kiri ki te kī i te wai matotoru (pupu). I muri i ngā rā e rua pea, ka tino kī ēnei pupuhi i te pupuhi. He porowhita, he mārō hoki ēnei pupuhi. |
| 4. Ngā pāpaka | I roto i ngā rā 10 e whai ake nei, ka puta he papaka kirikiri ki runga i ngā mirumiru mumura. |
| 5. Te tihore i ngā kiripaka | I muri i te wiki pea, ka marere takitahi ēnei kiriuhi, engari ka waiho e rātou he koha hohonu, mō te wā roa ki te wāhi i mua. |
He rerekē ngā momo rewharewha?
Ae, he maha ngā momo matua o te rewharewha, he rerekē te kaha o ia momo.
- Ko te rewharewha noa: Koinei te momo tino noa. Tata ki te 85% o ngā tūroro i pāngia e tēnei momo. Ko ngā tohu katoa i kōrerotia i runga ake nei nō tēnei momo. Kotahi i roto i te toru o ngā tāngata i pāngia e tēnei mate i mate.
- Te rewharewha momo whakarerekē: Kua pūrongohia tēnei momo i roto i ētahi tāngata i whiwhi i te kano ārai rewharewha i mua. He rite ngā tohu ki ērā o te rewharewha noa, engari he iti ake te kino o te ponana, ā, ka tere te memeha o te mate. He tino iti te tokomaha o ngā mate mai i tēnei momo.
- Te rewharewha momo-papatahi:He momo tino kino tēnei. He tino kino ngā tohu tuatahi. Kāore ngā mirumiru e whakapakeke, e kī rānei i te pupuhi. Engari, ka honoa, ka hanga he ponana papatahi, ngawari. He mea tino kitea tēnei i roto i ngā tamariki. Mēnā ka puta tēnei momo, tata tonu te mate.
- Te rewharewha toto: He momo tino kino, he mea noa i waenga i ngā wāhine hāpu. He kino ngā tohu tuatahi. Kāore ngā pupuhi e pāpaka, engari, ka tīmata te toto ki te turuturu mai i raro i te kiri. Ka mangu te kiri, ka āhua wera. Ka toto anō hoki ngā whekau o roto. He tino mate pea tēnei momo.
Me kōrero tātou mō te kano ārai mate rewharewha.
He tohu tino nui te kano ārai mate rewharewha i roto i te hītori hauora.
Ko te kano kano tuatahi o te ao i whakawhanakehia mō tētahi mate ko te rewharewha.
I te mutunga o te rautau 1800, i kitea e te rata ko Edward Jenner tōna ingoa, kāore ngā wāhine i miraka kau i te rewharewha kau i pangia e te mate whakamate o te rewharewha. He mate ngawari te rewharewha kau, engari ehara i te mate whakamate, e pāngia ana e te tangata.
I whakamātauria e ia tēnei, ā, i whakaūtia. Nā te mea he tino ōrite te huaketo rewharewha kau me te huaketo rewharewha iti, ko ngā paturopi e hangaia ana e te tinana ina pāngia e te rewharewha kau ka tiaki anō hoki i te huaketo rewharewha iti. Nō reira, i hoatu e ia he wai i tangohia mai i te mirumiru o te tūroro rewharewha kau ki tētahi tangata hauora, ā, i tiakina taua tangata mai i te rewharewha iti. Ko te kupu "vaccine" i ahu mai i te kupu Latina "Vacca", ko tōna tikanga "kau".
Ko te koha o te kano ārai mate rewharewha
Kua kite koe i tētahi koha porowhita, iti, e ara ake ana i te ringa o runga o tō kuia, o tō koroua rānei? Koinei te koha e puta ana i muri i te hoatutanga o te kano ārai mate pukupuku. Kāore i rite ki ētahi atu kano ārai mate pukupuku, ka hoatu te kano ārai mate pukupuku mā te wero i te kiri ki tētahi ngira he pito pakaru. Ka puta he patunga iti ki reira, ka puta he mirumiru, ā, ka noho tonu te koha ina ora. I muri i te tau 1972, i mutu hoki tēnei kano ārai mate i Sri Lanka.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te rewharewha, te rewharewha heihei me te Mpox?
He mea tēnei e whakapoauau ana i te tini o te tangata.
- Te rewharewha: He mate whakamate tēnei i puta mai i te huaketo Variola, kua whakakorea kētia i te ao.
- Mpox (i mua ko Monkeypox): Nō te rōpū huaketo kotahi tēnei me te matepukupuku, e kiia nei ko Orthopoxvirus. Ahakoa he rite ngā tohu ki te matepukupuku, kāore a Mpox i te tino kino pērā i te matepukupuku.
- Te rewharewha: He mate tēnei i puta mai i tētahi atu huaketo (te huaketo 'Varicella-zoster'). Ahakoa te "rewharewha" i roto i te ingoa, kāore he pānga ki te rewharewha. Ko ngā pupuhi rewharewha kāore e waiho he koha (ki te kore e rakurakuhia).
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He mate tino kino te rewharewha, he mate hopuhopu hoki i mate ai te miriona tāngata i ngā wā o mua.
- I whakakorea rawatia te mate i te ao i te tau 1980 , nā te kaupapa werohanga nui i whakarewahia i raro i te kaiārahi o te World Health Organization.
- E kiia ana tēnei ko tētahi o ngā whakatutukitanga hauora tūmatanui nui rawa atu i roto i te hītori o te tangata.
- I ēnei rā, kāore te rewharewha e puta noa mai i te ao i ngā wāhi katoa o te ao, nō reira kāore he take e mataku ai koe mōna.
- Mā te angitu o te whakakorenga i te rewharewha e ako mai ai tātou ahakoa ngā mate tino kino ka taea te hinga mā te pūtaiao, te whakapau kaha, me te mahi tahi o te ao.
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