Te toa rangatira e whakahaere ana i tō arero: Me ako tātou mō te Io Hypoglossal.

I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi io tino nui o te tinana, engari he io kāore e aro nuitia ana e tātou i ētahi wā. Ko taua io ko te io hypoglossal , e whakahaere ana i ngā nekehanga o tō tātou arero. He nui ake ngā mahi a tēnei io iti i tāu e whakaaro nei. Kia kite tātou he aha te mea nei.

He aha te io hypoglossal?

He māmā noa iho, he rite tō io hypoglossal ki tētahi karere motuhake e rere ana mai i tō roro ki tō arero . Hei whakamārama, ko tētahi o ngā takirua io angaanga tekau mā rua i roto i tō mahunga. Ae, e tekau mā rua ngā takirua io matua e hono ana ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō mahunga. Ka tīmata i te pūtake o tō roro, e kiia nei ko te kakau roro. Kātahi ka haere ki raro i tō kaki, ka peka atu, ka hono atu ki te taha raro o tō arero me te pūtake o tō arero.

Ko te ingoa "hypoglossal" i ahu mai i ngā kupu Kariki e rua: ko te tikanga o "hypo" ko "i raro" me te tikanga o "glossal" ko "arero." Nō reira, mā te ingoa tonu e whakaatu ki a koe te wāhi kei reira tēnei, tika?

He io nekeneke tēnei. Arā, ka haria ngā karere mai i te roro ki ngā uaua, ā, ka nekehia. He rite ki te waea hiko, engari kāore e haria te hiko, engari ko ngā nekehanga io e haria ana.

He aha ētahi atu ingoa mō tēnei io?

He maha atu anō ngā ingoa e karangatia ana. Tērā pea ka whakamahia anō hoki ēnei ingoa e tō tākuta:

• Io angaanga 12
• te io angaanga 12
• `(CNXII)` (He whakarāpopototanga tēnei e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta)

He aha te mahi a te io hypoglossal?

Whakaarohia te nui o te nekeneke o tō arero ina kōrero koe, ina horomia te kai, ina whakaputa rānei i ngā oro rerekē ki tō waha! Mā te io hypoglossal e āwhina te whakahaere i aua nekehanga katoa .

Ko tēnei io te kawenga matua mō te tuku i a tātou ki te mahi i ngā mea e whai ake nei:

• Whakaputaina ngā oro rerekē ki tō waha (hei tauira, he oro "pāwhiri" e whakaputaina ana e tō arero).
• Nekehia ngā mea kei roto i te waha, arā, te kai me te inu.
• Kōrero (he maha ngā āhua e piko ai tō tātou arero ina kōrero tātou, kāore?).
• Horomia te kai (he āwhina nui te arero ki te neke i te kai ki raro i te korokoro).

Whakaarohia te uaua o te kōrero me te kai mēnā kāore tēnei io e mahi tika!

He aha ngā uaua e whakahaerehia ana e te io hypoglossal?

Ehara tō arero i te uaua kotahi anake. He maha ngā uaua rerekē kei roto, ā, e hono ana ki a ia. Ko te io hypoglossal te kaiwhakahaere o ēnei uaua:

• Ngā uaua Genioglossus : Koinei ngā uaua e pana ana i tō arero ki mua. Ka mahi ēnei uaua ina totoro tō arero ki waho.
• Uaua HyagoglossusNgā uaua hyoglossus: Ka kukume ēnei i tō arero ki muri, ka whakapapatahi.
• Ngā uaua o roto : Ko ēnei ngā uaua e whakarerekē ana i te āhua o te arero. Hei tauira, ko ngā mea pēnei i te piko me te whaiti o te arero.
• Ngā uaua styloglossus : Mā ēnei ka nekehia tō arero ki runga, ki raro hoki.

Nā te mahi tahi a ēnei uaua katoa, me te mahi tahi, ka taea e tātou te mahi i ēnei nekehanga uaua me tō tātou arero.

He aha te tūnga (hanganga) o te io hypoglossal?

E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, ka tīmata tēnei io i te pūtake o te roro, e tata ana ki te kakau roro , i runga tonu i tō taurakira.

I mua i te taenga ki te arero, ka haere tēnei io penei:

• Ka haere tuatahi ki raro i tō taurakira, ka hono atu ki tētahi whatunga uaua o ngā io e kiia nei ko te plexus cervical . Mā tēnei whatunga io e whakahaere ngā kare ā-roto me ngā nekehanga o tō kaki me tō tinana.
• Kātahi ka haere i raro i tō kaki, ka whiti i ētahi uaua toto nui (pērā i te Carotid Artery me te Jugular Vein) .
• Ka haere mai i te tuara o tō korokoro ki te raro o tō waha, arā, te papa o te waha.
• Hei whakamutunga, i reira, ka manga ngā manga ka hono atu ki ngā uaua e whakahaere ana i ngā nekehanga o te arero.

Ka taea e koe te whakaaro ki te uaua o te haerenga a tēnei uaua iti?

He aha ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki te mahi a te io hypoglossal?

Engari, ka taea e ētahi mate me ētahi āhuatanga te whakararuraru i te mahi a te io hypoglossal, ka kore ai e taea te mahi tika i ngā mahi a te arero i kōrerotia i mua ake nei.

Anei ētahi o aua āhuatanga:

• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) : E mōhiotia ana ko te mate a Lou Gehrig, he mate io-uaua tēnei. Ka ngoikore haere ngā uaua. I te haere whakamua o te mate, kāore pea e taea e te io hypoglossal te kōrero tika ki te roro.
• Te mate roro : Ko te mate roro he mate e pupuhi ai te roro, nā te mate roro, nā te hapa rānei o te pūnaha ārai mate. Ina pupuhi te roro, ka mumura te kakau roro, ka pēhi i te io hypoglossal.
• Matepukupuku o te Upoko me te Kaki : E pā ana tēnei ki ngā matepukupuku e puta ana i roto i te waha, i te korokoro, i ētahi atu wāhanga rānei o te upoko me te kaki. Ka taea te pakaru o tēnei io e te matepukupuku tonu, e ngā maimoatanga matepukupuku rānei (hei tauira, te pokanga, te rongoā irahiko).
• Apnea moeHe mate moe tēnei. Ka mutu te manawa mō te wā poto i a koe e moe ana. Ko te io hypoglossal te kaiwhakahaere o ngā uaua kei muri o te korokoro. Ki te tino whakangāwari ēnei uaua i a koe e moe ana, ka taea e te arero te hoki whakamuri ka aukati i te ara manawa.
• Te whiu : Ko te whiu he āhuatanga e aukatia ai te rere o te toto ki tētahi wāhanga o te roro. Tērā pea ka puta tēnei i te toto i roto i te roro, i te oko toto rānei kua āraia. Ki te kore e nui te toto e whiwhihia ana e te roro, ka taea te whakararuraru i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i te io hypoglossal me te roro.
• Whara : Ka taea te pakaru o tēnei io i ngā aituā maha, pērā i ngā aituā motuka, ngā hinganga, me ngā aituā tutu. I roto i ētahi aituā kino, ka taea te motu i tēnei io.

Ngā Tohu o te Pakaru o te Io Hypoglossal

Ki te pakaru tō io hypoglossal, kotahi anake te taha o tō arero e pāngia ana . Ka ngoikore te arero o te taha e pāngia ana. I roto i te wā, ka memeha haere ngā uaua o taua taha o te arero, ā, i te mutunga ka pararutiki te arero.

Tērā pea ka pāngia koe e ēnei uauatanga e whai ake nei:

• Te uaua ki te horomi kai (dysphagia)
• Te uaua ki te horomi i te kai
• Te uaua ki te kōrero (dysarthria)

Ina pā te kino o ngā io nā te ALS, ka kitea pea he nekehanga ngawari, he wiriwiri (fasciculations) i te mata o te arero. He rite ēnei ki ngā wiriwiri iti e puta ana i roto i te uaua.

He mea nui: Ki te pāngia koe e te mamae ohorere, nui hoki i tō kaki, i tō mahunga rānei, me ēnei tohu, tera pea he take kua tapahia te uaua carotid o roto. Ki te puta tēnei, me rapu tonu koe i te awhina hauora.

Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi a te io hypoglossal?

Mena kei te whakapae tō tākuta kei te ngoikore te io hypoglossal, ka whakahaerehia e rātou he whakamātautau māmā tuatahi.

• Ka kīia atu kia totoro tika tō arero ki waho . Mēnā he kino te io, ka unuhia te arero i te taha kua pakaru.
• Me pēhi hoki tō arero ki te taha o roto o tō paparinga . Kātahi ka whakatakotoria e te tākuta tōna ringa ki tērā taha o tō paparinga, ka tirohia te nui o te pēhanga e puta mai ana i tō arero.

Haunga ēnei whakamātautau taketake, ka tonoa pea ētahi atu whakamātautau hei kimi i te take:

• Matawai MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI) : Mā tēnei ka tirohia ngā tohu o te whiu, o tētahi mea pērā i te pukupuku roro rānei.
• Te Tātari Tuaiwi / Te Wero i te Lumbar : Ka taea e tēnei te tirotiro mō ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku, o te mate pāwera rānei.

Ngā Maimoatanga Noa mō te Kino o te Io Hypoglossal

Ko te maimoatanga mō te kino o te io hypoglossal e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pūtake o te kino . Ma tō tākuta tēnei e matapaki ki a koe, ā, ka whakatauhia te maimoatanga pai rawa atu.

Hei tauira:

• Mō te ALS, ka whakaratohia ngā rongoā me ngā momo whakaora hei whakahaere i ngā tohu me te whakaroa i te haere whakamua o te mate.
• Ka taea te rongoā i te mate pukupuku o te upoko me te kaki mā te pokanga, te rongoā irahiko, me/ranei te rongoā matū.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i taku io hypoglossal?

Ka pāngia pea tō kaha ki te kai, ki te kōrero, me te horomi i ngā raruraru o te io hypoglossal. He uaua ki te ārai i ētahi take, pērā i te whara me ngā raruraru mai i te pokanga. Heoi, ki te hiahia koe ki te pokanga i tō waha, i tō korokoro rānei, mā te whiriwhiri i tētahi taote pokanga mātau ka āwhina i te whakaiti i tō mōrearea.

Waihoki, mā te tiaki i tō hauora whānui ka āwhina i te ārai i te ngoikore o te io hypoglossal. Ka āwhina ēnei mea:

• Mena kei a koe tētahi mate pūmau pēnei i te ALS, me whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta kia tika ai te whakahaere i tō mate .
• Ka taea te ārai i te whiu mā te whai i tētahi momo noho hauora (hei tauira, te kai i tētahi kai taurite, te whakakori tinana, me te whakahaere i te toto totoka).
• Kia mau tonu te taumaha hauora . Ka āwhina tēnei ki te ārai i te whanaketanga, te kino rānei o te mate moe ānini mēnā kei a koe.
• Ki te mea kei te kai tupeka koe, kati te kai hikareti, ā, whakawhāitihia hoki te inu waipiro. Ka āwhina ēnei i te ārai i ngā mate pukupuku o te pane me te kaki.

Āhea koe me toro atu ki te tākuta mō ngā raruraru o te io hypoglossal?

Mena ka pāngia koe e tētahi o ēnei tohu i tētahi taha, i ngā taha e rua rānei o tō arero, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu:

• Te uaua ki te kōrero (aphasia, dysarthria rānei) te uaua rānei ki te horomi (dysphagia).
• He āhua o te kore mohio (pērā i te ngoikore o te arero).
• Te ngoikore o ngā uaua (pērā i te kore e taea te whakahaere tika i te arero).
• He kare ā-roto o te mamae, o te wera rānei .
• Te kore e taea te whakarite i ngā nekehanga (pēnei i te arero e herea ana).

Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga

Kāore tātou e tino whakaaro nui ana ki te io hypoglossal, engari he wāhanga tino nui o tō tātou tinana. Koinei te io e āwhina ana i a tātou ki te neke i tō tātou arero, ki te kōrero, ki te horomi, me te neke haere i ngā mea i roto i ō tātou waha. Ka pāngia te mahi a tēnei io e ngā mate pēnei i te whiu, te mate pukupuku, me te ALS. Ka āwhina te noho ora.Koinei ētahi o ngā mea hei āwhina i te tiaki i tō io hypoglossal. Mēnā ka pāngia koe e ētahi tohu rerekē e pā ana ki tō arero, he mea whakaaro nui kia kōrero koe ki te tākuta.

` Ngā io hypoglossal, ngā io arero, ngā io angaanga, te whakahaere arero, te uaua ki te kōrero, te uaua ki te horomi, ngā mate pūnaha io