He aha te Thymectomy? Kia mārama noa iho.

Kua rongo koe i te 'Repe Thymus'? Kāore pea. He repe iti tēnei i roto i tō tātou uma, i mua tonu i te ngākau. He mea tino nui mō tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate i a tātou e tamariki ana. Engari i ētahi wā ka pā mai he raruraru hauora nui ki tēnei repe iti. Koinei te wā e taunaki ana ngā tākuta i tētahi pokanga e kiia nei ko te 'Thymectomy'. Nō reira, i tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tēnei, arā, te pokanga hei tango i te repe thymus, i roto i ngā kupu māmā noa iho.

He aha te tikanga o te thymectomy?

He pokanga te tango i te repe thymus me ngā pukupuku katoa kua puta i te taha. Ehara i te mea tino noa. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau i te United States e 7,000 o ēnei pokanga i mahia i roto i te wā 13 tau. Tata ki te 1,000 ngā pokanga ia tau. Nō reira, ka taea e koe te whakaaro he pokanga motuhake tēnei.

He aha ngā āhuatanga e mahia ai te thymectomy?

Ko te nuinga o tēnei pokanga he rongoā mō ētahi raruraru e pā ana ki te repe thymus. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei.

Me pēhea te whakarite i mua i te pokanga?

I mua i te tango i te manawa, ka tangohia e tō tākuta tō hītori hauora katoa, ā, ka tirotirohia koe e ia. Hei tāpiri, ka mahia pea e rātou ēnei whakamātautau e whai ake nei:

• Whakamātautau mahi pūkahukahu: Mā tēnei ka tirohia te pai o te mahi a ō pūkahukahu.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Mā tēnei ka whakamātautau i te ngohe hiko o tō ngākau.
• Whakamātautau ahotea ngākau: He whakamātautau e ine ana i te mahi a te ngākau i te wā e whakakorikori ana.
• Matawai CT (Tomography Rorohiko - Matawai CT): Ka taea e tēnei te whakaputa i ngā whakaahua 3D taipitopito o roto o te tinana. Ka taea e tēnei te āwhina ki te whakatau tika i te rahi me te taunga o te repe thymus.
• Matawai MRI (Whakaahua Āhua Aukume - MRI): Ko tētahi atu tikanga tēnei e tango whakaahua taipitopito ana i ngā kiko o roto i te tinana.
• Matawai PET (Positron Emission Tomography - matawai PET): He mea nui tēnei whakamātautau hei tirotiro i te mahi a ngā pūtau i roto i te tinana, inā koa mēnā he pūtau matepukupuku kei roto.

Hei ārai i ngā uauatanga manawa i muri i te pokanga, inā koa mēnā he myasthenia gravis tōu, ka hoatu pea he immunoglobulin intravenous ki a koe, he rongoā whakawhiti plasma rānei i mua i te pokanga.

Kia ako tātou me pēhea te whakahaere i te pokanga.

E rua ngā huarahi matua e taea ai te mahi i te pokanga thymectomy. Ko tētahi ko te tikanga tuku iho, arā, ko te whakatuwhera i te uma, ko tētahi ko te tikanga, arā, ko te whakamahi i te kāmera me te karetao mā roto i ētahi tapahi iti noa iho. Mā tō taote pokanga e whakatau ko tēhea te tikanga pai mōu.

1. Huarahi whakawhiti-sternal

He rite tēnei ki te pokanga ngākau tuwhera.

• Hipanga 1: Ka whakatuwheratia te uma mā te tapahi i te wheua katoa, i tetahi wāhanga rānei o waenganui o te uma (sternum). Ka kiia tēnei he sternotomy i roto i ngā kupu hauora.
• Hipanga 2: Ka tangohia te repe thymus me ngā kiko katoa e pāngia ana i tōna taha mai i te pūaha.
• Hipanga 3: Whai muri i te pokanga, ka whakanohoia kia kotahi, kia rua rānei ngā ngongo uma ki roto i te uma hei tango i te wai me te toto kua kohia pea ki roto.
• Hipanga 4: Hei whakamutunga, ka honoa anō te wheua o te uma mā te whakamahi i ngā waea, ā, ka tuia te kiri.

2. Āwhina-rorohiko, VATS rānei (tikanga tapahi iti)

He tikanga iti rawa te whakaekenga o tēnei. Ko te VATS he whakarāpopototanga mō te Ataata-Āwhina Pokanga Uma.

• Hipanga 1: E toru ngā kōhao iti ka hangaia ki te taha kotahi o te uma. Ka whakaurua he kāmera mā roto i tētahi o aua kōhao.
• Hipanga 2: Mā te whakamahi i te ringa karetao, i ngā taputapu roa rānei, me te ārahi a ngā whakaahua kāmera, ka wehea marietia te repe thymus (me tetahi pukupuku, mēnā kei roto) mai i ngā kiko e karapoti ana.
• Hipanga 3: Mena e tika ana, ka tapahia he tapahi rite ki tera taha o te uma hei tango katoa i te repe.
• Hipanga 4: Ka whakanohoia ngā kiko katoa kua tangohia ki roto i tētahi putea motuhake i roto i te uma, ka tangohia mai mā roto i tētahi kōhao iti i hangaia.
• Hipanga 5: Ka whakauruhia he ngongo kotahi, e rua rānei hei tango i te wai.
• Hipanga 6: Hei whakaiti i te mamae i muri i te pokanga, ka hoatu he rongoā ki a koe hei aukati i ngā io i roto i te pakitara o te uma.
• Hipanga 7: Hei whakamutunga, ka tangohia ngā taputapu, ā, ka tuia ngā kōhao iti.

E rua ki te whā hāora te roa o tēnei pokanga, i runga i te uauatanga o te pokanga me te tikanga i whakamahia.

He aha ngā mea ka tupu i muri i te pokanga?

I muri i te pokanga, ka puritia koe ki te rūma whakaora kia tae rā anō ki te wā e hoki ake ai tō māramatanga. Ka tangohia te ngongo manawa i whakatakotoria ki te rūma pokanga. I te tīmatanga, me hiahia koe ki te hāora, ki ngā wai uaua, me ngā rongoā whakamamae. I te nuinga o te wā ka whakawhitia koe ki te wāhanga noa i te rā kotahi o te pokanga.

He aha ngā painga me ngā ōrau angitu o tēnei pokanga?

He tino pai ngā hua o tēnei pokanga, inā koa mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te myasthenia gravis me te hunga me pokanga mā roto i ngā tapahi iti.

He maha ngā wā ka taea e te pokanga mō te mate pukupuku thymoma te whakaora katoa i tēnei mate pukupuku.

He aha ngā mōrearea ka puta mai i te pokanga?

Pērā i ngā pokanga katoa, tera pea ētahi mōrearea me ngā raruraru ka pā mai i te thymectomy, engari he tino onge ēnei.

• Te kino ki te ngākau, ki te io, ki te oko toto tata rānei.
• Te toto nui.
• Pneumothorax: Te hinganga o te pukahukahu.
• Pneumonia: He mate pūkahukahu.
• Hemothorax: He kohi toto i waenganui i te pakitara o te uma me te pukahukahu.
• Chylothorax: He kohinga wai i waenganui i te pakitara o te uma me te pukahukahu.
• He tino onge, ka kino haere ngā tohu o te myasthenia gravis ( myasthenic crisis ) i te ahotea o te pokanga.

Te whakaoranga me ngā mea hei tumanakohia i te heke mai

Ko te roa o te whakaoranga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pokanga tuwhera, ki te pokanga iti rawa rānei. Me noho te nuinga o te tangata ki te hōhipera mō te pō kotahi pea. Ko te mamae o te pokanga ka memeha haere i muri i te rua wiki pea. Me tango e koe ngā rongoā whakamamae mamae i hoatu e tō tākuta ki a koe.

I muri i te pokanga, ka haere tonu te tirotiro a tō tākuta roro i a koe. I runga i ō tohumate, māna e whakatau te roa o te wā e tangohia ai e koe tō rongoā myasthenia gravis me pēhea hoki te whakaiti i te horopeta.

Mō te mate pukupuku thymoma, ka whakawhirinaki te āhua o te mate ki te wāhanga o te mate pukupuku.

• Wāhanga I: Neke atu i te 95% te tūponotanga o te ora katoa.
• Wāhanga II: E 75% ki te 80% te tūponotanga ka ora. Tērā pea ka hiahiatia he rongoā irahiko.
• Wāhanga III: E 25% ki te 40% te tūponotanga ka ora. Tērā pea e hiahiatia ana te rongoā irahiko me te rongoā matū.

Āhea ahau me kite anō i te tākuta?

I muri i te hokinga ki te kāinga i muri i te pokanga, ki te pāngia koe e tētahi o ngā tohu e whai ake nei, me whakamōhio tonu atu koe ki tō tākuta .

• Te uaua ki te manawa.
• Te mamae nui i te taha kotahi o te uma.
• Te manawa tere.
• Te tere o te manawa o te ngakau.
• Te kirika.
• Maremare.
• Te toto e puta mai ana i te patunga pokanga.
• Te hokinga mai o ngā tohu o te myasthenia gravis.

He mea noa ki te tangata te mataku i te rongonga mō te pokanga. Engari kia maumahara, he mahi tonu ēnei a ngā taote pokanga. Ko tā rātou whāinga he hoatu i te hua pai rawa atu ki a koe. Nō reira, kaua e mangere ki te pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō āu pātai mō tō pokanga, mō te tikanga rānei. Ka whakamarie i tō hinengaro.