Kia ako tātou i ngā mea katoa e pā ana ki te Pokanga Ārai-Tuku-Papu!

He mea noa te mataku ina kī atu tō tākuta ki a koe, ki tētahi rānei e mōhio ana koe me mahi pokanga taha. Ka nui ake te mataku ina rongo koe "ka mutu te ngākau, ka honoa ki tētahi mīhini." Engari i mōhio koe he tikanga motuhake ka taea te whakamahi hei mahi i tēnei pokanga me te kore e mutu te ngākau, arā, i te wā e patupatu tonu ana te ngākau? Koinei te mea ka kōrerohia e tātou i tēnei rā, ko te 'Pokanga taha kore-pāmu' te ingoa.

He aha te Pokanga Ārai i waho o te Papu?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho tēnei, he momo pokanga whakawhiti toto (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft - CABG) e hanga ana i tētahi ara hou huri noa i tētahi oko toto kua āraia i roto i te ngākau. I roto i te pokanga whakawhiti toto tuku iho (On-Pump CABG), ka mutu te manawa o te tūroro i te wā e mahi ana te taote pokanga. I taua wā, ka mahia te mahi a te ngākau me ngā pukahukahu e tētahi mīhini motuhake e kiia nei ko te 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass Machine'. Ka tangohia e tēnei mīhini te toto mai i te tinana, ka tāpirihia te hāora ki roto, ka tangohia te hauhā waro, ka whakahokia ki te tinana.

Engari i roto i tēnei pokanga 'Kāore i te Papu', kāore te ngākau e mutu. Ka mahia tēnei pokanga e te taote pokanga i te wā e patupatu ana te ngākau. Koia i huaina ai ko te "Pokanga Manawa e Patupatu ana".

Ko wai e hiahia ana ki tēnei pokanga?

Ko te nuinga o tēnei pokanga ka mahia ki te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate uaua o te ngakau (CAD), tētahi o ngā tino take o te mate ngakau.

Whakaarohia ngā uaua iti e tuku toto ana ki ō tātou ngākau he rori. I roto i te CAD, ka kapi te roto o ēnei rori i te ngako me te cholesterol (e kiia ana ko te plaque). Ka ārai tēnei i te ngākau ki te whiwhi i te toto e hiahiatia ana, ka puta ngā tohu pēnei i te mamae o te uma me te poto o te manawa . Ki te tino kapi tēnei aukati, ka puta he mate ngākau.

I te nuinga o te wā ka tūtohu te tākuta i te pokanga taha ina kore e taea e ngā huringa o te noho, ngā rongoā, me ētahi atu maimoatanga te whakahaere i te mate. I roto i ēnei āhuatanga, he kōwhiringa pai pea te pokanga 'Off-Pump' mō ētahi tūroro.

Me pēhea te whakarite mō te pokanga?

Mā tō tīma pokanga koe e hoatu ngā tohutohu katoa e hiahiatia ana e koe i mua i te pokanga. Ko te tikanga ka kīia e rātou ēnei mea:

• Ki te kai paipa koe, kati rawatia.
• Tērā pea ka tonoa koe kia mutu te tango i ētahi o ngā rongoā e tangohia ana e koe mō tētahi wā, inā koa ngā rongoā ārai toto.
• Ka tohutohuhia koe kia kaua e kai, e inu rānei i tetahi mea mai i waenganui pō o te rā o te pokanga.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana i mua i te pokanga?

Ka whakaritea e te tākuta ētahi whakamātautau kia mōhio ai koe kei te ora koe mō te pokanga.

• Ngā whakamātautau toto
• X-ray o te uma
• Te Echocardiogram (Echo)
• ECG (Electrocardiogram - EKG)
• Ngā whakamātautau motuhake pēnei i te whakamātautau ahotea ngākau karihi.

He aha ngā mea ka tupu i te wā o te pokanga?

E hia ngā hāora te roa o te pokanga. Mā te taote pokanga koe e whakamārama i mua i te mea ka mahia. Koinei ngā mahi e mahia ana i te nuinga o te wā.

1. Tuatahi, ka whakamoea koe, ā, ka tukua kia moe rawatia. Nō reira, kāore koe e mamae.

2. Muri iho, ka tangohia he oko toto hauora (tāpiri) mai i tētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana, hei tauira, tō waewae, tō uma rānei . Ka whakamahia tēnei oko toto hei waihanga i tētahi ara hou ki te wāhi kua āraia.

3. Kātahi ka tapahia te kiri i waenganui o te uma, ā, ka tapahia te wheua uma i ngā taha e rua, kia tae atu ki te ngākau.

4. Nā te mea kei te pā te ngākau, ka whakamahia he taputapu motuhake (he mea whakau) hei whakaiti i tōna nekehanga, ā, ko te wāhi anake e mahia ana te pokanga ka whakau kia kore ai e neke.

5. Ka aukati i te rere o te toto i roto i te uaua toto kua āraia mō tētahi wā poto.

6. Ka honoa tetahi pito o te oko toto hauora kua tangohia i mua ki te oko toto matua o te ngākau (te aorta), ā, ka honoa tetahi pito ki te wāhi kua āraia i raro. He rite tēnei ki te hanga i tētahi ara whakawhiti hei karo i tētahi ara kua āraia.

7. I muri i te hanganga o te ara hou, ka hoki anō te rere o te toto. Ka karohia e te toto te aukati, ka haere i te ara hou.

8. Hei whakamutunga, ka honoa anō te wheua uma ki ngā rauemi rite ki te waea, ā, ka tuituia te kiri kia kati.

Ko tēhea o ngā tikanga e rua te mea pai ake?

Kei te haere tonu ngā rangahau mō te pai ake o te pokanga i runga i te papu, i waho rānei i te papu. Mā tō taote pokanga e whakatau ko tēhea tikanga te mea pai mōu. Me titiro tātou ki ngā painga me ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ēnei tikanga e rua.

He aha ngā mōrearea o tēnei pokanga?

Pērā i ngā pokanga nui katoa, kei reira ētahi mōrearea. Engari ko te nuinga o te tangata ka ora pai. Anei ētahi o ngā raruraru ka pā mai:

• Te toto nui rawa.
• Ngā toto totoka (ka pā mai pea te whiu, te mate ngakau rānei).
• Ngā raruraru nā te rongoā whakamoe.
• Ngā āhuatanga pangia.
• Ngā manawataki o te ngākau kāore i te ōrite.
• Te ngoikore o te whatukuhu.

Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e ora ai?

Ko te roa o te wā whakaora ka whakawhirinaki ki tō tau, ki tō hauora whānui, me ngā raruraru ka puta mai i muri i te pokanga. Ko te tikanga whānui, koinei te āhua o te tukanga whakaora.

• Ka taea e koe te tīmata ki te inu wai me te kai i ngā kai iti i taua rā anō, i te rā i muri mai rānei i te pokanga.
• I roto i ngā rā tuatahi, e rua rānei, ka taea e koe te noho ki runga i tētahi tūru me te āwhina, me te hikoi paku.
• Me noho koe ki te hōhipera mō ētahi rā.
• Ka hiahia koe ki tētahi hei āwhina i a koe i ngā rā tuatahi i muri i tō hokinga ki te kāinga i te hōhipera.
• Ka tangohia ngā tuitui i roto i te wiki, i te tekau rānei.
• Me karo koe i te hiki taumaha mō ētahi wiki .
• Tērā pea ka roa pea ētahi wiki, ka roa ake rānei, kia tino ora ai.
• Ka tohutohu tō tākuta kia uru atu koe ki tētahi kaupapa whakaora ngākau hei āwhina i a koe ki te hanga anō i tō kaha.

He aha ngā tohu e whakaatu ana me toro atu koe ki te tākuta i taua wā tonu?

Ka hoatu he rā ki a koe hei toro atu ki tō tākuta i a koe e ora ana. Heoi, ki te puta mai tētahi o ngā tohu e whai ake nei ki a koe, me rapu tohutohu hauora tonu atu . Mēnā rānei, me haere ki te Tari Whawhati Tata (ETU) o te hōhipera tata.

• Te mamae tonu o te uma , te mamae rānei o te puku.
• Te mātao, te werawera nui rānei.
• Mena kei te neke haere tō wheua uma, kei te tangi rānei he "pāwhiri".
• Te tere o te manawa, te koretake rānei.
• Whakapairuaki, ruaki rānei.
• Te uaua ki te manawa.
• Ngā tohu o te mate pāwera, pērā i te whero, te pupuhi, te turuturu o te waikura mai i te wāhi i tuituihia ai, te kirika rānei.
• Te pikinga taumaha ohorere neke atu i te 2-3 kg i roto i te wiki.