Kei te pōuri haere tō tirohanga? Kei te kite koe i ngā ira pango kei mua i ō kanohi? Tērā pea he Wet Macular Degeneration!

Kei te āhua rerekē haere anō hoki tō tirohanga i a koe e pakeke haere ana? I ētahi wā ka titiro koe ki tētahi pukapuka, ki tētahi nūpepa rānei, kei te āhua kāore i te mārama ngā reta, kei te āhua tata rānei koe? Ahakoa he mea noa ēnei ka puta i a koe e pakeke haere ana, i ētahi wā he mea tēnei me āwangawanga ake koe. Āe, he mate kino tēnei e puta ana i roto i te kanohi e kiia nei ko te wet macular degeneration, ko te `(Wet Macular Degeneration - WMD)` rānei. Me kōrero taipitopito tātou mō tēnei i tēnei rā.

He aha te pirau o te makuku o te kanohi?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko te pirau kanohi mākū he momo kino ake, he momo whanaketanga ake o te pirau kanohi e pā ana ki te pakeketanga (ARMD), he mate e pā ana ki ō tātou kanohi i a tātou e pakeke haere ana. Tērā pea kei te whakaaro koe he aha te ARMD. He mate e kino ai te macula , he wāhanga o te kanohi e āwhina ana i a tātou kia kite mārama i a tātou e pakeke haere ana.

Nō reira, ina kino rawa atu tēnei āhuatanga, arā, ina puta te pirau kanohi mākū (WMD), ka tīmata te hanga o ngā oko toto hou, engari kāore i te hauora, ngoikore i raro i te kiriuhi e kiia nei ko te retina i roto i te kanohi. Nā te ngoikore rawa o ēnei oko toto hou, ka tīmata te turuturu o te toto me ngā wai. Ka taea e tēnei turuturu o te toto me ngā wai te kino i ngā pūtau i roto i te retina, ā, ka ngaro te tirohanga, inā koa te tirohanga pokapū . Hei tika, koinei te mea ka kitea e koe ina titiro tika koe ki mua.

Whakaarohia, ina titiro koe ki te mata o tētahi, kua pōuriuri te waenganui o te mata, ā, e kore e kitea ngā mea e karapoti ana. Koinei te mea e tupu ana i tēnei take.

Ka taea hoki e tēnei toto te whakaputa i te kiko whara. Ka taea e tēnei te kino atu i te macula, ka kino haere te tirohanga. I roto i te wā, ka taea e tēnei toto me te kiko whara te arahi ki te ngaronga tirohanga tuturu. Heoi, ki te kitea, ka rongoatia wawetia , ka taea te ārai i tēnei kino tuturu, ka taea rānei te aukati i te kino haere o te tirohanga. Nō reira, ki te kite koe i ētahi huringa o tō tirohanga, he mea tino nui kia kite wawe koe i tētahi tohunga kanohi (ophthalmologist).

Ko ētahi atu ingoa e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta mō tēnei mate ko te "exudative macular degeneration" me te "neovascular macular degeneration." Ko te "Exudate" te kupu hauora mō te "wai e turuturu ana." Nō reira te ingoa.

He pēhea te noa o tēnei mate?

Ka piki ake te mōrearea o te pāngia e te `(ARMD)` i a tātou e pakeke haere ana. Inaa, koinei te tino take o te ngaronga o te tirohanga i roto i te hunga neke atu i te 60 tau te pakeke. Tata ki te 10% ki te 20% o te hunga whai `(ARMD)` ka pāngia e te momo `makuku` (WMD). Ko te tikanga kei waenganui i te 10 me te 20 miriona tāngata puta noa i te ao e pāngia ana e tēnei mate.

He aha ngā tohu o te pirau kanohi mākū?

Ka ngaro te tirohanga matua i roto i tēnei āhuatanga `(WMD)`, ā, kāore he mamae.Ka pāngia pea ngā kanohi e rua, engari i ētahi wā ka nui ake te pānga ki tētahi kanohi, ka iti ake te pānga ki tētahi.

Anei ētahi o ngā tohu matua:

• Te kitenga i ngā ira pango, i ngā mea rānei e mānu ana i mua i ngā kanohi .
• Te tirohanga pōuri , inā koa ina titiro tata atu.
• Te memeha haere, te heke rānei o te tirohanga tae . Tērā pea kāore e taea e koe te wehewehe i waenga i te kikorangi me te kōwhai.
• Te tirohanga pōhēhē / te metamorphopsia . Hei tauira, tera pea te āhua o ngā pae o te matapihi kua totoro.
• Te kite i ngā mea he iti iho i tō rātou āhua tuturu (micropsia) .
• Ngā wāhi tirohanga kua pōuri .
• Ngā ira matapo / ngā scotoma .
• Te ngaronga katoa o te tirohanga pokapū, ko te tirohanga taha anake e toe ana .

Mena kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohu, me toro atu koe ki tētahi tākuta kanohi tonu.

He aha ngā take o te pirau kanohi mākū?

He uaua ki te tohu i tētahi take kotahi mō tēnei mate, arā, "(WMD). Engari, he maha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea e hono tahi ana hei whakanui ake i te tūponotanga o te whakawhanaketanga o tēnei mate.

Anei ētahi o aua āhuatanga mōrearea me ngā āhuatanga whai wāhi:

• Tau : I a koe e pakeke haere ana, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e tetahi momo pirau kanohi.
• Te awe ira me te hītori whānau : Ko ētahi huringa (ngā whakarerekētanga) o ngā ira (DNA) i riro mai i a koe i ō mātua ka piki ake pea tō tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i te WMD. Mena kua pāngia tētahi o tō whānau e te mate, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e te mate.
• Iwi : Ko te hunga nō te uri Pākehā te hunga tino mōrearea ki te pāngia e te mate pukupuku (WMD). He iti ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia e te mate pukupuku o te hunga nō te uri Āwherika.
• Kai Totika : Ko te korenga o ētahi huaora (ina koa ko ngā huaora C me E) , ngā kohuke ( te parahi me te konutea ), me ngā wāhanga huaora A, ngā matūkai e pā ana rānei (beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin) ka whai wāhi pea ki te WMD.
• Tauwāhi whenua : Ki te noho tata atu koe ki te ekueta, ka nui ake te māramatanga e pā ana ki a koe. Tērā pea he take whai wāhi tēnei.
• Ētahi whanonga : Ka taea e te whakamahi tupeka te whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o te (WMD).
• Ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora : Ka taea e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te cholesterol teitei (hypercholesterolemia), te toto toto tiketike (hypertension), me te mate pūnaha toto (mate pūnaha toto) te whai wāhi ki te WMD. Kei te rerekē tonu ngā taunakitanga mō te whai wāhi atu o te mate huka (Diabetes Mellitus - Momo 1 me te Momo 2).

He aha ngā āhuatanga uaua o tēnei mate?

Ko te raruraru matua o te pirau kanohi mākū ko te ngaronga o te tirohanga matua.Ki te kore e rongoatia, i waenganui i te 80% me te 90% o te hunga whai WMD ka ngaro te tirohanga ā-roto, ā, ka kiia he matapo ture. Arā, ka tino pōrearea te tirohanga, ā, kāore e taea e rātou te mahi i ngā mahi o ia rā.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i te mate macular wet degeneration?

Ka taea e te tohunga kanohi, hei tauira, te tākuta kanohi, te tohunga retina rānei, te tautuhi i te WMD mā te whakamahi i te huinga o ngā tikanga maha.

Ko te taahiraa tuatahi he whakamātautau kanohi auau . I tēnei wā, ka taea e rātou te titiro tika ki tō retina. Ka taea tēnei te mahi mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu ringaringa e kiia nei ko te ophthalmoscope , mā te whakawhānui rānei i tō karu me te mahi i tētahi whakamātautau rama kuiti . Ka taea hoki e rātou te whakamahi i tētahi mata whatu māmā e kiia nei ko te whakamātautau kanohi mata whatu Amsler . Ka taea e tēnei te āwhina i a koe ki te tautuhi i ngā hapa o tō tirohanga (te āhua totoro te mata whatu nā ngā hapa o tō retina).

Haunga te whakamātautau kanohi me te whakamātautau rama kutikuti, ka taea hoki e te tākuta kanohi te mahi i ngā whakamātautau whakaahua tātaritanga kore-whakaeke. Ka taea e ēnei te tirotiro i ngā hanganga o roto me ngā uaua toto kei muri o tō kanohi. Ko ētahi o ngā whakamātautau ka taea te mahi ko:

• Tomography Whārite Ātaahua (OCT) : He rite tēnei ki te matawai e tango ana i ngā whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga o roto o te kanohi.
• Angiography fluorescein : Ko te werohanga o te tae ki roto i te uaua i roto i tō ringa me te tango pikitia i a ia e haere ana i roto i ngā uaua toto i roto i tō kanohi.
• Angiography kakariki Indocyanine (ICGA) : He whakamātautau tēnei e whakamahi ana i tētahi atu momo tae, he rite ki te mea o mua.

Me pēhea te rongoā mō tēnei?

He mate tino ngāwari te rongoā i te pirau o te kanohi mākū mēnā ka kitea wawe . E rua ngā huarahi matua hei rongoā i te WMD: ko ngā rongoā me ngā tikanga taiaho .

Ka mahi ngā rongoā mā te aukati i tētahi pūmua e kiia nei ko te Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) , e whakamahia ana e ō tātou tinana hei hanga i ngā oko toto hou. Ina aukatia te VEGF, ka mutu te hanganga o ngā oko toto hou. Ka hoatu ēnei rongoā mā te werohanga tika ki roto i tō kanohi . Kaua e mataku, ahakoa e kīia ana kua werohangahia ki roto i tō kanohi, ka mutu mā te whakangoikore i tō kanohi kia kore ai koe e rongo.

Anei ētahi momo rongoā hei aukati i te VEGF:

• `Aflibercept`
• `Bevacizumab`
• `Brolucizumab`
• `Faricimab`
• `Ranibizumab`

Ko te whāinga o te maimoatanga laser mō te WMD he aukati i te tipu o ngā uaua toto hou, ā, ki te taea, kia whakaitihia. Ko te āheinga o te pokanga laser kei runga i te wāhi kei raro i tō macula ngā uaua toto hou me ētahi atu āhuatanga. Heoi, he nui ake te noa o ngā werohanga i ēnei rā i ngā maimoatanga laser.

Ka taea e tō tohunga kanohi te whakamārama pai i ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga mōu. Ko ngā mōhiohio e tukuna ana e rātou ko ngā mea tino tika, ā, he mea āwhina hoki mō tō āhua . Ka kōrero anō hoki rātou ki a koe mō ngā pānga taha, ngā raruraru rānei ka pā mai, me te maimoatanga ka tino āwhina i a koe.

He aha te tirohanga mō te pirau kanohi mākū?

Ko te tirohanga mō te mate `(WMD)`, arā, te pai o tōna whakaoranga, te āhua rānei o tōna tirohanga, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi āhuatanga. Ko ēnei:

• Aue te kino o tō āhuatanga `(WMD)`.
• Kei hea te wāhi o tō macula e puta ai te kino?
• Ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga ka taea e koe te tiki, kei te whiwhi kē rānei koe.
• Ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora kei a koe.

Nā te maha o ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki tō tirohanga, ka rerekē rawa atu tō tirohanga. Ka taea e tō tohunga kanohi te kōrero ki a koe he aha te tirohanga ka puta mai i runga i tō āhuatanga .

Ka taea te ārai i te pirau o te kanohi mākū?

Nā te mea he maha ngā āhuatanga me ngā tūponotanga e whai wāhi ana ki te whanaketanga o te `(WMD)`, kāore e taea te ārai katoa. Heoi, kei reira ētahi mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i tō tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake, hei whakaroa rānei i tōna whanaketanga.

Ko ētahi o ngā mea tino nui ka taea e koe te mahi hei ārai, hei whakaroa rānei i te tīmatanga o te AMD ina pāngia koe e te dry macular degeneration, te momo AMD iti ake te kino. Anei ētahi mahi ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kanohi:

• Whakamahia he mata Amsler i ia rā . Ka taea e tō tākuta kanohi te hoatu he mata Amsler ki a koe hei whakamahi i te kāinga, me te whakaatu hoki me pēhea te whakamahi. Mena ka kite koe i ētahi huringa, i ētahi hapa rānei o tō tirohanga, me whakapā atu koe ki tō tākuta kanohi i te wā e taea ai. Mā te mahi pera ka taea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te kino o te retina me te ngaronga o te tirohanga.
• Tirohia tō tākuta kanohi mō ngā whakamātautau kanohi auau . Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te kite i te WMD i te wā tōmua.
• Tangohia ngā tāpiringa kai o ia rā . Kei roto i ēnei ko te huaora C, te huaora E, te parahi, te konutea, te lutein, te zeaxanthin, me te beta-carotene. (Kaua e tango i te beta-carotene mēnā he kaipaipa koe, nā te mea ka piki ake tō tupono ki te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu.)
• Kati te whakamahi tupeka, kaua rānei e tīmata . Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā momo whakamahinga tupeka/nikotin katoa, tae atu ki te vaping me te tupeka kore auahi. Ka taea e tō tākuta te kōrero ki a koe mō ngā rauemi hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakamutu.
• Mauria ngā mōhiti kanohi. Ka taea e te pānga o te rā te whakanui ake i tō tupono ki te whakawhanake i te pirau kanohi (MWD). Ka taea e ngā mōhiti kanohi te whakaiti i ngā pānga o te rā ki ō kanohi.
• Kia kaha tonu . He maha ngā huarahi e āwhina ai te korikori tinana i tō hauora, tae atu ki te hauora o tō retina.
• Kia mau ki te taumaha hauora . He maha ngā āhuatanga e whakapiki ake ana i tō tupono ki te pāngia e te mate pāwera (WMD) e pā ana ki tō hauora tinana whānui.

Tērā atu anō ētahi mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei āwhina i te ārai i te ngaronga o te tirohanga mai i te WMD. Mena he pātai, he āwangawanga rānei āu mō ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi, pātai atu ki tō tākuta kanohi. Ka taea e ia te whakarato i ngā aratohu me ngā rauemi hei āwhina i a koe.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō mēnā he mate kanohi mākū tōku?

Ina tīmata tō tirohanga ki te ngaro nā te (WMD), ka tino raruraru pea. Ka pā ki tō kaha ki te noho motuhake me ō mahi o ia rā.

Mena kua ngaro kē tō tirohanga nā te `(WMD)`, kei reira tonu ētahi mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei āwhina i a koe anō. Ko ēnei:

• Pātai atu ki tō tākuta kanohi mō te whakaora i te tirohanga iti . He rite tēnei ki te whakaora tinana, ki te whakaora mahi rānei, engari mō ō kanohi. Mā tēnei momo whakaora koe e ako ki te urutau ki ngā huringa o tō tirohanga kua kitea kētia e koe, me te mahi i ngā mea katoa.
• Whakamahia ngā taputapu me te hangarau . Mā ngā taonga hangarau iti pēnei i ngā karu whakanui, ngā karāhe rānei, ka māmā ake ngā mahi me ngā mahi o ia rā. Mā ngā taonga hangarau teitei pēnei i ngā taupānga waea atamai, ngā taputapu hiko motuhake rānei ka āwhina i a koe ki te urutau ki tō ngaronga tirohanga, ki ngā huringa rānei. Ka taea e tō tākuta kanohi te tuku tohutohu me ngā mōhiohio motuhake mō ngā taputapu (hangarau teitei, hangarau iti rānei) ka whai hua pea māu.
• Whakamahia ngā rauemi me ngā āwhina e wātea ana ki a koe . I runga i te wāhi e noho ana koe, tera pea he kāwanatanga me ētahi whakahaere motuhake hei āwhina i a koe ki ō hiahia o ia rā. Mā te whakamahi i ēnei ka taea e koe te noho motuhake me te whakangawari ake i tō oranga.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki taku tākuta kanohi?

Ka tūtohu tō tākuta kanohi i tētahi wā tirotiro whai muri hei whakahaere i tō mate WMD, ā, ka whakarerekē i tō maimoatanga mēnā e tika ana. He mea tino nui ēnei haerenga hei whakaiti i te ngaronga o te tirohanga.

Waihoki, ki te kite koe i ngā panonitanga o tō tirohanga, hei tauira, ngā hapa e puta mai ana i te wā e whakamātauria ana ō kanohi ki te mata Amsler, me whakapā atu tonu koe ki tō tohunga kanohi .

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki taku tākuta kanohi?

Anei ētahi pātai ka hiahia pea koe ki te pātai atu ki tō tākuta kanohi:

• He pēhea te kino o taku mate `(WMD)`?
• He aha te wā e tūpono ana mō te ngaronga o te tirohanga, ā, he aha taku e taea ai te mahi hei whakaiti, hei whakawhāiti rānei i te kino?
• Ka pāngia rānei ngā maimoatanga pea e te wāhi o ngā panonitanga o te macula, e te tūponotanga rānei kia angitu aua maimoatanga?
• Me pēhea taku whakawhāiti i ngā kino atu anō?
• He aha ngā rauemi me ngā āwhina ka taea e au te tiki?
• Ka whai hua ahau i te rongoā whakaora tirohanga?

He tirohanga te tirohanga e whakamahia ana e te tini tāngata i roto i ō rātou oranga o ia rā, i te nuinga o te wā kāore e whakaarohia. He wheako whakarihariha, he wheako whakarihariha hoki te ngaronga o tō tirohanga. Heoi, kei reira ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i te kino, hei ārai i te ngaronga atu o te tirohanga, me te urutau ki ngā huringa kua puta kē.

Ko te huarahi pai ki te ako mō ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi mō tēnei mate ko te kōrero ki tō tākuta kanohi. Māna koe e ārahi i roto i ngā mahi me ngā huringa hei āwhina i a koe. Kāore koe e hiahia ki te aro atu ki tēnei mate, ki ōna pānga rānei, kei reira rātou hei āwhina i a koe.

Ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara (Karere hei kawe ki te kāinga)

Āe, me whakarāpopoto tātou i ētahi o ngā kōrero matua hei maumahara māu mai i ngā mea kua kōrerohia e tātou:

• Ko te pirau kanohi mākū (WMD) he momo kino o te pirau kanohi e pā ana ki te koroheketanga (ARMD). He āhuatanga tēnei e puta ai ngā oko toto hou, ngoikore i roto i te kanohi, ka turuturu te toto, ka ngaro te tirohanga matua.
• Ko ētahi o ngā tohu ko ngā ira pango i mua i ngā kanohi, te tirohanga pōuri, me te tirohanga pōuri. Ki te kite koe i ēnei, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu.
• Ki te kitea wawetia tēnei, ka taea te rongoā . Kei reira ngā rongoā kanohi, ngā werohanga, me ngā maimoatanga taiaho.
• He maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te ārai , pērā i te kai i ngā kai pai, te karo i te momi hikareti, te mau i ngā mōhiti kanohi, me te haere ki ngā whakamātautau kanohi i ia wā.
• Mena kei a koe tēnei mate, he mea tino nui kia noho tonu koe ki te toro atu ki tō tākuta kanohi , kia whai hoki i ā rātou tohutohu. Tērā anō hoki ngā tikanga me ngā taputapu hei āwhina i a koe ki te noho me te tirohanga pōuri.

Nō reira, kei roto i ō ringaringa te tiaki i ō kanohi. Mēnā he ruarua, he raruraru rānei āu, kaua e mangere ki te rapu tohutohu hauora.

` Te pirau o te kanohi, te pirau o te kanohi mākū, WMD, ARMD, tirohanga, ngā mate kanohi, macula