ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ‘ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ’ (Ascending Aorta) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫

ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ (ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ) . ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯌꯦꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ, (Aorta) ꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯂꯥꯏꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ (Ascending Aorta) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

(ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯍꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯁꯍꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ, ꯗꯨꯀꯥꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕꯥ, ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ꯫ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯅꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ (Aorta) , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ (Aorta) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ꯫

1. (Ascending Aorta): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯐꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ-ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯒꯣꯅꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯅꯤ꯫

2. (Aortic Arch): ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯂꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ (Aortic Arch) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

3. (Descending Aorta): ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ (Descending Aorta) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, (Ascending Aorta) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯅꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ (Aortic Arch) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯦꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯏ (Ascending Aorta)꯫ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯋꯥꯇꯔ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯔꯥꯁꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ (ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯃꯁꯤ (Ascending Aorta) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ, (Sternum) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ (Left Ventricle) ꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯣꯗꯀꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯔꯆ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯔꯣꯗꯀꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯂꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ 5 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 8ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ (ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯆꯤ 2ꯗꯒꯤ 3 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ) ꯋꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ 3ꯗꯒꯤ 4 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ: ꯊꯣꯔꯥꯁꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ꯫(Ascending Aorta), (Aortic Arch), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ (Descending Aorta) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯃꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ (Thoracic Aorta) ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯐꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯐꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯇꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯔꯆꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯈꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯑꯣꯁꯦꯐꯦꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

1. (Aortic Root): ꯃꯁꯤ (Aortic Valve)ꯒꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ (Ascending Aorta)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ (Aortic Sinus) ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕꯜꯕ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯐꯠ (Coronary Arteries) (ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯗꯒꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ (ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯇꯨꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯂꯔ ꯖꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ - ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯇꯤ.ꯖꯦ.) ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯇꯤ.ꯖꯦ.ꯅꯥ (ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯇꯨꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯂꯔ (Ascending Aorta): ꯃꯁꯤ STJꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ Aortic Arch ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯩ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯇꯦ꯫

ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ:

• (ꯇꯨꯅꯤꯀꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯃꯥ): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• (ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥ): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯕꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ (Aorta) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯕꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• (ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁꯤꯌꯥ): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ (Aorta)ꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯖꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ‘ꯄꯥꯏꯞ’ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ:

• ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ (Aortic Aneurysms) : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯕꯦꯂꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ 50% ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕꯂꯔ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ – ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

• (ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ):ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯐꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ (aortic Valve) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• (Aortic Valve Regurgitation): ꯃꯁꯤ (Aortic Valve) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ (Aorta)ꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ (Left Ventricle)ꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ (Aortic Valve Regurgitation) (Aortic Valve Regurgitation) ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ (Ascending Aorta) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯕꯥꯏꯀꯁꯄꯤꯗ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ (BAV): ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯐꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯤꯐꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ BAVꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ, ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯤꯒꯔꯖꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ: (Marfan Syndrome) , (Loeys-Dietz Syndrome) , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ (Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome) ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ (Aneurysms)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ (Aorta)ꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ: ꯖꯥꯏꯟꯇ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯅꯦꯇꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯊꯦꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯂꯦꯔꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯂꯁꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯁꯨ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ .

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

• ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ, ꯆꯥꯡ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ (ꯁꯣꯜꯇ), ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯆꯨꯔꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯐꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯎꯍꯩ-ꯋꯥꯍꯩ, ꯍꯣꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯕꯔ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧ: ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 30 ꯔꯣꯝ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯄꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ: ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯦꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯃꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ: ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ, ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯜ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ:

• ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ (fainting)꯫
• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯅꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯦꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯔꯄꯆꯔ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 65ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯆꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯤꯡꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ!

` ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ, ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯥ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯑꯣꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ꯫