ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ (ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯤꯚꯔ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ, ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ, ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯚꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ...

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯛ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ (Parietal peritoneum): ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯚꯤꯁꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ, ꯂꯤꯚꯔ, ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ)ꯕꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯁꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯈꯉꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

• ꯏꯅꯁꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ: ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯀꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯂꯨꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ: ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ?
• ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ: ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯛ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯅꯍꯅꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯏ, ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ: ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯅꯤꯇꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯟꯁꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯡ-ꯇꯥꯛꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯏꯇꯦꯞ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯒꯥꯔꯖꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯣꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯛ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯧꯏ꯫

• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯚꯤꯁꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ, ꯂꯤꯚꯔ, ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯚꯤꯁꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ "ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ "ꯔꯦꯠꯔꯣꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯔꯣꯁ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ . ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ:

1. ꯏꯄꯤꯊꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ (epithelial cells): ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯨꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯖꯔꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏ, ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

2. ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯄꯤꯊꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯅꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯚꯤꯁꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯀꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

• ꯑꯣꯃꯦꯟꯇꯝ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯈꯔꯕꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇꯦꯔꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯄꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯅꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯤꯁꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯅꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯣꯃꯥꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯁꯤ!

ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

1. ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ - ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ!

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ (inflammation)ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯄꯇꯤꯁꯦꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

2. ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ - ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯥꯟꯁ ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ )ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯤꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁꯇꯥ, ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ (portal hypertension)ꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

3. ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ - ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

4. ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁꯟ - ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯔ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯔ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯃꯨꯚꯃꯦꯟꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯕꯣꯋꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯕꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫

5. ꯁ꯭ꯛꯂꯦꯔꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇꯦꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯜꯗ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯕꯁꯨ, ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ (fibrosis) ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯗꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ (necrosis) ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ, ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯕꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯀꯁꯟ (intestinal obstruction) ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

꯶.ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇꯦꯔꯤꯛ ꯂꯤꯝꯐꯦꯗꯦꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ꯫

ꯂꯤꯝꯐꯦꯗꯦꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ (lymph nodes) ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ (inflammation) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇꯦꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯐꯦꯗꯦꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯂꯤꯝꯐ ꯅꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯖꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

꯷.ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯛ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯦꯇꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯥꯔꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯑꯣꯃꯥ (ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯗꯣꯃꯥꯏꯛꯁꯣꯃꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯀꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ .

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (diffuse pain) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯇꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ (parietal peritoneum)ꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯄꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ: ꯱.ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯣꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ, ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯃꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯦꯟ (niedle biopsy)ꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯂꯦꯄꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ꯫

• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯊꯥꯔꯃꯤꯛ ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯃꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ (ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ, ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯣꯔꯄꯁꯟ ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯇꯦꯗ, ꯍꯤꯠ ꯀꯦꯃꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, HIPECꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯃꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯏꯇꯣꯔꯤꯗꯛꯇꯤꯚ/ ꯗꯤꯕꯂꯀꯤꯡ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯃꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯛ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯁꯥꯏꯇꯣꯔꯤꯗꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯩ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ (peritonectomy)ꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯃꯦꯟꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯃꯦꯟꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯥ...

ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯈꯉꯂꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯎꯅꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯋꯥꯔꯝ, ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ, ꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯄꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯋꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ!

` ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ, ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ, ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁ, ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ, ꯍꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ, ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ, ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯜꯊ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ꯫