ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯁꯤ!

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ? ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯒꯦꯇꯋꯦ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

• ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯠ : ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ`ꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯐꯦꯠ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯅꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯣꯂꯨꯟꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ( ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯠꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ) ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ : ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯂꯤꯝꯐꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯦꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ: ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯖꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯅꯣꯔ ꯀꯦꯂꯤꯁꯤꯁ (mejor and minor calyces) : ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ: ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ (Renal pelvis): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯠꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯉ꯭ꯀꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

`ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ`ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯦ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

1. ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ (protective chamber): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ `ꯀꯨꯁꯟ` ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯆꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯏ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

꯳.ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯔꯤꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ: `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ`ꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

`ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯆꯨꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯂꯣ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯏꯇꯦꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ . ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫

`ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ`ꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

`ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ`ꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ:

• ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ (parapelvic cyst) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ (peripelvic cyst) ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯣꯃꯦꯇꯣꯁꯤꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯇꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯕꯦꯅꯤꯐꯤꯁꯔꯤ ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯂꯣꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯅꯟ-ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ:

ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯦꯂꯤꯁ (calyces) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯀꯦꯂꯤꯑꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯁ (caliectasis) : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯦꯂꯤꯁꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯚꯦꯁꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯂꯦꯖꯔꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯎꯔꯤꯖꯝ, ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯚꯦꯅꯁ ꯀꯝꯝꯌꯨꯅꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯦꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯅꯣꯃꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯇꯥꯁꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` (ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ)ꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯇꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯦ .

`ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ`ꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ? ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

• ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.(`ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ`) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.
• ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯛꯂꯤꯌꯔ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ:

• ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ `ꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯃꯦꯔꯨꯂꯤ` (ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ)ꯅꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ: ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯦꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ (Ureteroscopy): ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ: ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ? ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ, ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯇꯥ ꯐꯦꯇꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯠ (lipomatosis) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯆꯍꯤ 70ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 33%ꯗꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ !

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯄꯦꯏꯟ: ꯔꯤꯕꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ, ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯦꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯦꯛ (back)ꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯕ.
• ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯟꯙ꯭ꯔ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ?

`ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ`ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯔꯥ, ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ , ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ , ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯥ! ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` (ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ) ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯀꯁꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ, ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ:

• ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯅꯤ . ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ`ꯗꯥ ꯐꯦꯠꯁꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯈꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯨ: ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯀꯗꯁꯨ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ: ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯅꯥ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯔꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯅꯀꯤꯂꯥꯔ ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯎꯖ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ: `ꯅꯟ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯏꯗ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ (NSAIDs)` (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ `ꯏꯕꯨꯞꯔꯣꯐꯦꯟ`)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯨ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ BP ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯨꯒꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧ: ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯃꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯥ:

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯈꯤꯕꯥ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ꯫ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ:

• `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ` ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ, ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ `ꯀꯦꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ` ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁ` ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ`ꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ`ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯎꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ, ꯅꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ꯫ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
• ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ `ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯣꯁ`ꯕꯨꯁꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯅꯤ꯫

ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯛꯇꯒꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫