Skip to main content

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ (Gums/Gingivae) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ (Gums/Gingivae) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯨꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯎꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯌꯗꯅꯣ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯒꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯒꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ (Gums/Gingivae) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯒꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ? ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯃꯥꯌꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯒꯃꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯂꯥꯔꯤ ꯂꯦꯕꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯝ (maxillary labial frenum): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ, ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯂꯚꯤꯑꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯀꯣꯁꯥ (alveolar mucosa): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯀꯣꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯥꯛ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯕꯥ (marginal gingiva): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯆ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ (Attached gingiva): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯠꯊꯔꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯅꯖꯤꯚꯥꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯒꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯄꯤꯂꯥ: ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯒꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯃꯦꯟꯗꯤꯕꯜ ꯕꯀꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯝ (Mandible buccal frenum): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯒꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯒꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯎꯄꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ:

  • ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ (ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ) ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ . ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯅꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
  • ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯟꯌꯨꯑꯦꯂꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕꯝꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ (stippling) ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯒꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ! ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯒꯝ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯀꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯔꯇꯔ/ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯒꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

ꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯱

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯝ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯁꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯜꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯔꯇꯔ (tertar) ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯖꯤꯅꯖꯤꯚꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

  • ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯂꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯚꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯚꯦꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ 30ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
  • ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ: ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫

2. ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯝ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯚꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ (periodontitis) ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ:ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ "ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ" ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯚꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ (ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ), ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯐꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ, ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ: ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯆꯍꯤ 30ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ 47% ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯶꯵ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯷꯰%ꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯞ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯡ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯒꯝ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯥꯌꯈꯠꯄꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯦ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯒꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯒꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯅꯤ . ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ:

  • ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯔꯛ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯨ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯒꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯨꯊꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ 45ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ, ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯦꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯨ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯨꯊꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯎ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯎꯊꯋꯥꯁ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯥꯎꯊꯋꯥꯁ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ . ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯥ 6 ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ꯫ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯡ/ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯛ-ꯑꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯒꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ) ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯤꯅꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ)꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ)꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ)꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯒꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯒꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ)꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯐꯨꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯒꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
  • ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯗꯟꯇꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯗꯟꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯍꯩꯅꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ – ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯔꯛ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ – ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ!


` ꯒꯝ, ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯕꯥ, ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ, ꯖꯤꯅꯖꯤꯚꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ, ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ, ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯟ, ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯜꯊ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.

Add Your Comment

Please calculate: 1 + 3 =
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ (Gums/Gingivae) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ (Gums/Gingivae) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯨꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯎꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯌꯗꯅꯣ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯒꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯒꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ (Gums/Gingivae) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯒꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ? ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯃꯥꯌꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯒꯃꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯇꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯂꯥꯔꯤ ꯂꯦꯕꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯝ (maxillary labial frenum): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ, ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯂꯚꯤꯑꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯀꯣꯁꯥ (alveolar mucosa): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯀꯣꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯥꯛ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯕꯥ (marginal gingiva): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯆ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ (Attached gingiva): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯠꯊꯔꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯅꯖꯤꯚꯥꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯒꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯄꯤꯂꯥ: ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯒꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
  • ꯃꯦꯟꯗꯤꯕꯜ ꯕꯀꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯝ (Mandible buccal frenum): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯒꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯒꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯎꯄꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ:

  • ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ (ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ) ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ . ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯅꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
  • ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯟꯌꯨꯑꯦꯂꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕꯝꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ (stippling) ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯒꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ! ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯒꯝ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯀꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯔꯇꯔ/ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯒꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

ꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯱

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯝ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯁꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯜꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯔꯇꯔ (tertar) ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯖꯤꯅꯖꯤꯚꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

  • ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯂꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯚꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯚꯦꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ 30ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
  • ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ: ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫

2. ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯝ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯚꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ (periodontitis) ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

  • ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ:ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ "ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ" ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯚꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ (ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ), ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯐꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ, ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ: ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯆꯍꯤ 30ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ 47% ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯶꯵ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯷꯰%ꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯞ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯡ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯒꯝ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯉꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯥꯌꯈꯠꯄꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯦ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯒꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯒꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯅꯤ . ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ:

  • ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯔꯛ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯨ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯒꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯨꯊꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ 45ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ, ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯦꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯨ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯨꯊꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯎ꯫
  • ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯎꯊꯋꯥꯁ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯥꯎꯊꯋꯥꯁ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ . ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯥ 6 ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ꯫ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯡ/ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯛ-ꯑꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯒꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ) ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯤꯅꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
  • ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

  • ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ)꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ)꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ)꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯒꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯒꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ (ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ)꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯐꯨꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯒꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
  • ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯗꯟꯇꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯑꯣꯗꯟꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
  • ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯍꯩꯅꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ – ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯔꯛ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ – ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ,ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ!


` ꯒꯝ, ꯖꯤꯟꯖꯤꯕꯥ, ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯖ, ꯖꯤꯅꯖꯤꯚꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ, ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗꯟꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ, ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯤꯟ, ꯗꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯜꯊ꯫

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.

Add Your Comment

Please calculate: 1 + 3 =