ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯕꯤꯜꯗ-ꯑꯞ (ascites)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯐꯨꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯂꯣ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤ ‘ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ’ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯟ, ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯅ-ꯁꯝꯅꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ (edema) ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ? ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ (ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡ)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯀꯟꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚ ꯍꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯂꯚꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ꯫
• ꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯕꯔꯀꯨꯂꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯫
• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯦꯜ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ (ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ꯫

ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯁꯤꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ:

• ꯐꯦꯇꯤ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯦꯇꯥꯕꯣꯂꯤꯛ ꯗꯤꯁꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯣꯍꯦꯄꯥꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ - MASH)
• ꯌꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ꯫
• ꯍꯦꯄꯥꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯄꯥꯇꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ ꯁꯤ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯟ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ (Autoimmune hepatitis)
• ꯍꯦꯃꯣꯛꯔꯣꯃꯦꯇꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯤꯂꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯞ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.
• ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯤꯁ (Paracentesis): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯡꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯕꯦꯁꯤꯛ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫

• ꯁꯣꯜꯇ (ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ) ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ 2000ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯠꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ, ꯁꯁ, ꯁꯁꯦꯖ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ (ꯋꯥꯇꯔ ꯄꯤꯜ): ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ : ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ ꯀꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯁꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ...

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯁꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐ ꯄꯤꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.(ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯖꯨꯒꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯍꯦꯄꯥꯇꯤꯛ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯣꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯤꯛ ꯁꯟꯇ) ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯦꯜ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯥꯁ (shant) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ (liver transplant): ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ:

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ:

• ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯕ
• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ꯫