ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ? (ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ) ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ‘ꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌ꯫ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ‘ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ? ꯋꯥꯒꯅꯨ. ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

‘ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ’ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ‘ꯕꯣꯟ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯨꯏꯁ’ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯈꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯕꯣꯟ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯨꯏꯁ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ‘ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (bone fracture) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

‘ꯁ꯭ꯞꯔꯦꯟ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯔꯦꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ (ligaments) ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ, ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (Greenstick fracture): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯑꯉꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯦ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ, ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯀꯃꯤꯅꯤꯎꯇꯦꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ : ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯀꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯪꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ: ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯁꯪꯂꯕꯥ: ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤ (deformity): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ, ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ (trauma) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯐꯣꯜꯁ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ)
• ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ‘ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯣꯄꯣꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ) ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯃꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ? (ꯗꯥꯏꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ: ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ: ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

꯱.ꯏꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ꯅꯟ-ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ)ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 6-8ꯅꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ (ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯗ ꯔꯤꯗꯛꯁꯟ)

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯗ ꯔꯤꯗꯛꯁꯟ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫

꯳.ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

• ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯛꯁꯦꯁꯟ: ꯱.ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯀꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯛꯁꯦꯁꯟ (external fixation): ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫
• ꯖꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯔꯤꯞꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ (Arthroplasty): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯄꯐꯝ (hip)ꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯖꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯇꯤꯡ (Bone Grafting): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ (ꯍꯤꯞ ꯕꯣꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯗꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ , ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

• ꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯕꯦꯜꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ , ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
• ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯎ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫
• ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ D (ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ, ꯌꯣꯒꯔ, ꯆꯦꯡ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯥ) ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 50ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯂꯥꯏꯐꯇꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫