ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯔꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯜ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯜ ꯗꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯀꯣꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ (ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ)꯫
• ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯕ.
• ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯂꯦꯕꯔꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ ꯀꯣꯀꯄꯥ , ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯖꯟꯗꯥꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ .
• ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ (gallbladder pain)ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ꯫

ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

꯱.ꯒꯥꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯂꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯒꯜꯐ ꯕꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯜ ꯗꯛꯇ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ, ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯀꯁꯉꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯁꯥꯏꯂꯦꯟꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ .

2. ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ (ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ) .

ꯒꯥꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ, ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ, ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ ꯀꯣꯀꯐꯝ (abdominal pain), ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

꯳.ꯕꯥꯏꯜ ꯗꯛꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯒꯥꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯜ ꯗꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ (joundice) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

꯴.ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯉ꯭ꯀꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯎꯠꯇꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯟꯗꯥꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

5. ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ꯫

ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ ꯍꯧꯕꯥ , ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯍꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯇꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯎ , ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯄꯦꯄꯔꯃꯤꯟꯇ ꯆꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯀꯎ . ꯄꯦꯄꯔꯃꯤꯟꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯂꯩ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯁꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ, ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯄꯦꯏꯅꯀꯤꯂꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯇꯤꯛ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯅꯗꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ : ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯜ ꯗꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ)

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ:

• ꯂꯦꯄꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ 3-4ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯆꯤ 4-6 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
• ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯀꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ-ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛꯇꯣꯃꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯏꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯆꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯐꯤꯕꯔ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯍꯣꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ, ꯅꯇꯁ, ꯎꯍꯩ-ꯋꯥꯍꯩ, ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ), ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯦꯠ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ: ꯁꯦꯆꯨꯔꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯐꯦꯠ (ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ, ꯆꯦꯡ, ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯊꯥꯎ, ꯍꯨꯏꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯎ), ꯆꯤꯅꯤ, ꯂꯣꯟ, ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯁꯥꯖꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯕ.

ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 30 ꯆꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧ꯫

ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ , ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯂꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯗꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ETU)ꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫