ꯏꯅꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ‘ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ-ꯗꯤꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯄꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ‘ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ (ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯇꯔ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯟ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ (IV) ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯗ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ‘ꯍꯤꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕꯤꯟ’ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯦꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ‘ꯗꯦꯂꯤꯚꯔꯤ ꯕꯣꯏ’ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯤꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕꯤꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯦꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕꯤꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯆꯔꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯄꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯝꯂꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ (constipation) ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ?

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯂꯣꯕꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ . ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯕꯦꯇꯤꯖ, ꯍꯥꯏ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ)꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫
• ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ (ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯥꯌꯨꯔꯕꯦꯗꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ)꯫

ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

1. ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯂꯗꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

3. ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

4. ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯐꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ ꯳꯰ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯆꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫