ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? (ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ) ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯑꯣꯍ ꯃꯥꯏ! ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ? ꯃꯗꯨ ꯈꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯏꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ , ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯟ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ , ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯥꯜꯐ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ, ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ꯫

ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ:

• ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯕꯔꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (transverse fracture): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ, ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ-ꯋꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯕꯂꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (Oblique fracture): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯔꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (Spiral fracture): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯦꯒꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (segmental fracture): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
• ꯀꯃꯤꯅꯤꯎꯇꯦꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (comminuted fracture): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ:

• ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (compound fracture) : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯔꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯚꯂꯁꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ: ꯱.ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ: ꯱.

• ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ (Tibia plateau fractures): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ (tibia) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ (displaced tibia and fibula fractures): ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯨ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯒꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯟ-ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯏꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟꯃꯦꯟꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫
• ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ (Distal fractures): ‘ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ (ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯉ꯭ꯛ)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ‘ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ (proximal fractures): ‘ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯜ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ (trunk)ꯒꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ‘ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯤꯃꯥꯜ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯏꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯎꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

• ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
• ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ (edema): ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯅꯦꯁ (Tenderness): ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡ-ꯈꯨꯠ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯁꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ: ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯝ (lump) ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ (Trauma) ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ:

• ꯒꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯥꯏꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫
• ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ: ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯟꯅ-ꯈꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ : ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ (osteoporosis) ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ (Osteoporosis) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯦ꯫

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯝ (ER) ꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ (ꯃꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯤꯖꯣꯅꯦꯟꯁ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.
• ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ (ꯀꯝꯄꯤꯎꯇꯦꯗ ꯇꯣꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ): ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ/ ꯐꯥꯏꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ꯫

ꯑꯣꯀꯦ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ/ꯐꯥꯏꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ:

• ꯏꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯅꯟ-ꯗꯤꯁꯞꯂꯦꯁ) ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯗ ꯔꯤꯗꯛꯁꯟ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯛꯁꯦꯁꯟ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ, ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯣꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ . ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯱.ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ (ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯦꯠ) ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯠ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ (ACS): ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯥꯂꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ: ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
• ꯅꯟ-ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯃꯥꯏꯂꯥꯏꯇꯤꯁ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
• ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯚꯦꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯒꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯉꯥꯏꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ 6 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔꯤ ꯇꯥꯏꯝ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫

ꯕꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

• ꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯇꯕꯦꯜꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
• ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫
• ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ , ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯦꯕꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ 50ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯣꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯦꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯀꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ:

• ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯄꯣꯝꯈꯠꯄ.
• ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ (ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯥ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯪꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯀꯔꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯁꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
• ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯒꯅꯤ?
• ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯌꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯅꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯅꯕꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯥ, ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯨ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯒꯅꯨ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ (shin bone) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯤꯕꯨꯂꯥ (ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯟ ꯕꯣꯟ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫