ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯣꯔꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯂꯝꯕꯔ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ꯫

ꯑꯗꯣꯝ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯔꯥ? ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯅꯠꯇꯦ? ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯐ.(ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯣꯔꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯂꯝꯕꯔ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ (vertebrae ꯀꯧꯕꯥ) ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ, ꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯂꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯚꯦꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ‘ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ’ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ, ‘ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ’ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ . ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯇꯤꯟ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ . ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯛꯔꯤꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ, ꯏꯅꯖꯦꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯆꯦꯛ-ꯑꯞ: ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
• ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ (ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯔꯕꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ) ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯀꯣꯒꯅꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯟ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯏꯗ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯁꯤꯡ (NSAIDs) , ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯤꯀꯣꯇꯤꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯗꯕꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤ-ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ?

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ 8-12 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯒꯅꯤ:

1. ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ (skin incision): ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ (skin incision) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

2. ꯃꯁꯜ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤ꯫

3. ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯇꯥ ‘ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯥ’ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ‘ꯐꯦꯁꯦꯠ ꯖꯣꯟ’ (facet joint) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯔꯚꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

4. ꯅꯔꯚ ꯗꯥꯏꯚꯔꯁꯟ: ꯅꯔꯚꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

5. ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

6. ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯖ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ: ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ‘ꯀꯦꯖ’ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

7. ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣꯗ ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯨ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯕꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫

8. ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ .

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ? ꯑꯩꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ?

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯣꯕꯖꯥꯔꯕꯦꯁꯟ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯦꯟ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯍꯨꯝꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯈꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯨꯇꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯠ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯁꯨ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯟ ꯇꯧ꯫

• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ 103 ꯐꯥꯔꯦꯅꯍꯥꯏꯠ (38.9 ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯁ)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯖꯨ-ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯥ ꯈꯥꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ (chills) ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫

ꯕꯦꯛ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯪ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫