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🎂 — | ♂/♀ M/F | ⚖️ — kg | 📏 — cm | BMI — | 👟 —
⚡ 88%
🩺 Surgeries

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯁꯨ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!

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📅 Updated: Jul 15, 2026 • ⏱ 6 min read • Editorial Policy
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯁꯨ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy) ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯁꯤ!
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ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯃꯁ꯭ꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯇꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯄꯔꯛꯌꯨꯇꯦꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯊꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ’ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯣꯏꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯦꯜ.

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ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯁꯤ꯫

ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯅꯤ꯫ "ꯄꯔꯛꯌꯨꯇꯦꯅꯤꯌꯝ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ "ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ." "ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯊꯣꯇꯣꯃꯤ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ "ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ "ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯃꯝ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁꯤꯚ" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ "ꯀꯤꯍꯣꯜ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ"ꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯕꯨ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ . ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ:

  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ 2ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ)꯫
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯣꯛ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯂꯤꯊꯣꯠꯔꯤꯞꯁꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯖꯔ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯦꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ,
  • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯷꯵%ꯗꯒꯤ ꯹꯸% ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ . ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

1. ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ: ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ꯫

꯲.ꯀꯠꯄꯥ : ꯱.ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯦꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ (ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯤ 1) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

3. ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯅꯁꯥꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ (sheath) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯥꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

4. ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯕꯥ: ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ꯅꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯨꯕꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫

5. ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯖꯔ ꯕꯤꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ (ꯂꯤꯊꯣꯠꯔꯤꯄꯇꯔ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

6. ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ: ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤ꯫

ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ꯫
ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ (ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯄꯁꯟ, ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯔꯕꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯊꯤꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯅꯨꯡꯊꯤꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯛꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ, ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯇꯧ꯫
ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ꯫
  • ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯥꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯅꯤ꯫
  • ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯒꯦꯂꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ) ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ .
  • ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯂꯗꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯨꯇꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫ (ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯇꯦꯛꯁ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯅꯍꯥꯂꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ)꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯨꯇꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯩ꯫
  • ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

    ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫

    • ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫
    • ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯠꯇꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
    • ꯏ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (hematoma)꯫
    • ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
    • ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯀꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯁꯦꯄꯁꯤꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ)꯫
    • ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ, ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫

    ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫

    ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ꯫

    ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ:

    • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫
    • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯣ ꯁꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
    • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
    • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯁ 38 (Farenheit 100)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ .
    • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ꯫
    • ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯆꯤꯜꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ꯫

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