Matenda achilendo omwe amabwera munthu akayenda m'nkhalango? Kodi angakhale matenda a Lyme?

Mwina mwawonapo nyama zazing'ono zikukumatirirani thupi lanu mukamayendayenda m'nkhalango kapena m'munda wokhala ndi udzu wautali. Pakati pa izi, nkhupakupa ndi nyama yomwe muyenera kusamala nayo pang'ono. Chifukwa, nkhupakupa zina zimatha kuyambitsa matenda. Matenda ena ofalitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa omwe tikambirane lero ndi Matenda a Lyme.

Kodi Matenda a Lyme ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, matenda a Lyme ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya (mtundu wa bakiteriya wotchedwa Borrelia burgdorferi). Amafalikira kwa ife, molondola, pamene nkhupakupa inayake yomwe imanyamula bakiteriya iyi - yomwe imadziwikanso kuti nthata ya nswala kapena nthata ya miyendo yakuda - imatiluma. Si nkhupakupa zonse zomwe timaziona nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi matendawa. Nkhupakupa zina zamatabwa kapena agalu sizinyamula kachilomboka.

Matendawa nthawi zina amatchedwa "borreliosis." Matenda a Lyme adapezeka koyamba mu 1975 mumzinda wa Lyme, USA. Kumeneko, ana ambiri mwadzidzidzi adayamba zizindikiro zofanana ndi "nyamakazi ya ana." Ofufuza pambuyo pake adapeza kuti chifukwa chake chinali kulumidwa ndi nthata za nswala zomwe zinali m'derali.

Kodi magawo osiyanasiyana a matenda a Lyme ndi ati?

Matenda a Lyme amatha kukula pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zina magawo awa amatha kufalikira pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro zimatha kukhudza khungu, mafupa, mtima, kapena dongosolo lamanjenje. Pali magawo atatu akuluakulu:

• Matenda a Lyme oyambilira: Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala pafupifupi sabata imodzi kapena zinayi kuchokera pamene nkhupakupa yaluma.
• Matenda a Lyme omwe amafalikira msanga: Izi zimatha kukhudza anthu mwezi umodzi kapena inayi atatenga kachilomboka.
• Matenda a Lyme opitirira mochedwa, ofalikira mochedwa kapena ochedwa: Izi zimatha kukhudza miyezi inayi, nthawi zina ngakhale zaka, mutatha kudwala matendawa.

Kodi matenda a Lyme ndi ofala bwanji?

M'mayiko ngati America, akuti odwala pafupifupi 30,000 amanenedwa kuti ali ndi matenda a Lyme chaka chilichonse. Komabe, pakhoza kukhala odwala ambiri omwe sananenedwe ndipo sanapezeke ndi matendawa. Ngakhale kuti palibe ziwerengero zenizeni za momwe zinthu zilili ku Sri Lanka, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi ngati mukukhala m'malo omwe muli nkhupakupa. Chifukwa, m'dziko lathunso, pali nkhupakupa m'malo monga m'nkhalango, m'minda ya tiyi, ndi m'malo odyetserako udzu.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a Lyme ndi ziti?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro za matenda a Lyme. Izinso zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi gawo lomwe latchulidwa kale.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa (masabata 1-4)

Pa nthawi imeneyi, nthawi zambiri mumatha kuona zinthu monga izi:

• Dothi lofiira kapena kachidutswa ka khungu: Madokotala amatcha izi kuti 'erythema migrans' (EM)Ichi ndi chizindikiro chofala kwambiri. Kuluma kwa nkhupakupa kumayamba ngati kadontho kakang'ono kofiira mkati mwa sabata imodzi kapena inayi. Pakapita masiku kapena milungu ingapo, kadontho aka kamakula ndipo kamakhala kozungulira, kamakona atatu, kapena kozungulira. Nthawi zambiri kamawoneka ngati 'diso la ng'ombe'. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, pali malo omveka bwino pakati okhala ndi mphete yofiira yozungulira. Kadontho aka kakhoza kukhala kuyambira kukula kwa ndalama mpaka kuphimba msana wonse wa munthu. Pamene matendawa akufalikira, madontho angapo a `(EM)` angawonekere m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi.
• Malungo
• Mutu
• Kuuma kwa khosi
• Kupweteka kwa thupi ndi kupweteka kwa mafupa
• Kutopa
• Ma lymph nodes otupa

Zizindikiro zoyamba kufalikira (miyezi 1-4)

Mu gawo lachiwiri ili, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingawonekere:

• Kuoneka kwa madontho (ziphuphu) monga tafotokozera kale m'mbali zingapo za thupi.
• Kufooka kwa nkhope (Bell's palsy). Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbali imodzi ya nkhope ikuoneka ngati yagwa.
• Kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa mtima, monga kusokonezeka kwa magetsi a mtima (heart block).
• Kusanza kapena kumva zinthu zachilendo m'mbali zina (neuropathy).

Zizindikiro zomaliza (miyezi kapena zaka pambuyo pake) zomwe zingachitike ngati sizikuchiritsidwa

Ngati matendawa sanachiritsidwe bwino, zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika patatha miyezi ingapo:

• Kutupa kwa mafupa mobwerezabwereza (nyamakazi), makamaka kumakhudza mafupa akuluakulu monga mawondo.
• Kuvuta kukhazikika maganizo, kumva ngati ubongo wanu waphimbidwa ndi chifunga. Izi zimatchedwanso `chifunga cha ubongo` . Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo (encephalopathy).
• Polyneuropathy ndi matenda omwe amakhudza mitsempha m'thupi lonse, zomwe zimakhudza khungu, minofu, ndi ziwalo zamkati.

Kodi matenda a Lyme amapezedwa bwanji?

Chabwino, kodi matenda a Lyme amapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala adzazindikira matendawa kutengera zizindikiro zanu, zomwe akuwona panthawi yoyezetsa thupi (monga malo otchedwa ``(EM)''), komanso ngati mwakhalapo m'dera lomwe nkhupakupa zitha kukhala ndi kachilomboka.

Taganizirani izi, anthu ambiri sakumbukira kapena kudziwa kuti adalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti nkhupakupazi ndi zazing'ono kwambiri moti nthawi zambiri sizimva kupweteka kulikonse zikaluma.

Dokotala adzakuyezani magazi kuti atsimikizire kuti mwapezeka ndi matendawa. Ngati mayeso anu oyamba a magazi apezeka kuti alibe matenda a Lyme, simuyenera kuyezanso magazi ena. Komabe, ngati mayeso oyamba apezeka kuti ali ndi kachilomboka kapena osatsimikizika, dokotala wanu adzachita mayeso ena. Kuti mutsimikizire kuti muli ndi matenda a Lyme , muyenera kupeza zotsatira ziwiri zabwino (mwina chimodzi chabwino ndi china chosatsimikizika).

Kodi matenda a Lyme amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Matenda a Lyme amachiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki . Nthawi zambiri, doxycycline kapena amoxicillin amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri pa matenda a Lyme.

Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe muyenera kumwa mankhwala kumadalira gawo la matenda omwe muli nawo. Kawirikawiri amati mukayamba chithandizo mwachangu, mudzachira mwachangu komanso mokwanira.

Amayi oyembekezera ayeneranso kufunafuna chithandizo ngati atenga matenda a Lyme. Komabe, palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti matendawa amatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Palibenso umboni wokwanira wosonyeza kuti matenda a Lyme amawonjezera chiopsezo cha kupititsa padera. Choncho musachite mantha, ingotsatirani upangiri wa dokotala wanu.

Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati nkhupakupa yakulumwa?

Tangoganizani kuti mwalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa. Mumachita chiyani? Musachite mantha. Umu ndi momwe mungachotsere nkhupakupa:

• Ndi ma tweezers opindika, gwiritsani 'mutu' wa nkhupakupa, ndiko kuti, komwe walumikizidwa ndi khungu lanu, ndipo muikoke pang'onopang'ono koma mwamphamvu mmwamba mpaka itachoka pakhungu lanu.
• Musayese kufinya thupi la nkhupakupa. Musaigwire ndi manja anu okha. Kuchita zimenezi kungakupangitseni kuti mukumane ndi mabakiteriya omwe ali m'thupi la nkhupakupa.
• Tsukani bwino malo omwe mwalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa ndi sopo ndi madzi.
• Musagwiritse ntchito mafuta a palafini kapena mafuta odzola (monga Vaseline®) kuchotsa nkhupakupa. Musagwiritse ntchito ndudu zotentha zochotsa nkhupakupa. Njira izi ndi zolakwika.
• Musafinye thupi la nkhupakupa ndi zala zanu kapena zopukutira.

Kodi matenda a Lyme angapewedwe?

Kodi matenda a Lyme angapewedwedi asanayambe? Inde, n'zotheka kwambiri.

Anthu ambiri amadwala matenda a Lyme kumapeto kwa masika, chilimwe, ndi kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira. Apa ndi pamene nkhupakupa zosakhwima nthawi zambiri zimatuluka kukadya. M'madera otentha, kuluma kwa nkhupakupa sikuchitika kawirikawiri m'nyengo yozizira.

Nkhuku zotchedwa "nkhwazi za nswala" zimapezeka kwambiri m'madera okhala ndi nkhalango komanso m'malo obiriwira pafupi nazo. Makamaka m'mphepete mwa nkhalango ndi malo obiriwira awa, nkhuku zimenezi nthawi zina zimapezeka m'minda momwe nswala zimayendayenda. Komabe, m'malo okhala ndi udzu wowala, nkhuku sizimakhala nthawi yayitali. Zimauma msanga ndipo zimafa.

Kawirikawiri, pafupifupi 1% yokha ya nthata zonse za nswala zimakhala ndi mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matenda a Lyme. Komabe, m'madera ena, nkhupakupa zoposa 50% zimakhala ndi mabakiteriya. Nkhupakupa zomwe zimanyamula matendawa zimapezeka kwambiri kumpoto chakum'mawa ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa United States, komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Nkhuku zokhala ndi miyendo yakuda zimatha kufalitsa matendawa osati kuchokera ku nswala zokha, komanso kuchokera ku mbewa, mbalame zolusa, ndi mitundu ina ya agologolo.

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani kuti mutetezeke ku nkhupakupa?

Kuti mutetezeke ku nkhupakupa, kumbukirani zinthu izi:

• Chotsani nkhupakupa, pa zovala zanuMukhoza kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo otchedwa `(permethrin)` . Izi zimapezeka m'masitolo ogulitsa zinthu m'minda. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe ali ndi mankhwala a `(DEET)` akhoza kupakidwa pa zovala kapena pakhungu mwachindunji. Koma werengani mosamala chizindikirocho. Musagwiritse ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Kupaka mopitirira muyeso kungakhale kovulaza.
• Valani mathalauza aatali ndi malaya a manja aatali. Kuvala zovala zolimba kuzungulira akakolo ndi m'manja kumachepetsa mwayi wa nkhupakupa kufika pakhungu, komanso kumachepetsa kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
• Valani chipewa, lowetsani mathalauza anu m'masokisi anu, ndipo valani nsapato zophimba mapazi anu kwathunthu.
• Valani zovala zowala kuti muzitha kuzindikira mosavuta nkhupakupa ngati ili pathupi panu.
• Mukayenda m'misewu ndi m'njira za m'nkhalango, yendani pakati. Mwanjira imeneyi, simungalumidwe ndi nkhupakupa kuchokera ku udzu ndi zitsamba zomwe zili mbali zonse ziwiri.
• Mukatha kukhala panja pamalo omwe mukuganiza kuti pali nkhupakupa, onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana thupi lanu ngati muli ndi nkhupakupa (zomwe zimatchedwanso 'kufufuza nkhupakupa'). Ndikofunikanso kusamba bwino pambuyo pake, ndikupukuta bwino ndi nsalu kapena china chake chomwe chimakukuta thupi lanu.
• Ngati muli ndi nkhupakupa pa zovala zanu, ziyikeni mu choumitsira kwa mphindi pafupifupi 15. Nkhupakupa zidzauma ndi kufa.
• Nkhuku zimathanso kulowa m'nyumba mwanu kuchokera ku ziweto , choncho lankhulani ndi veterinarian wanu za njira zotetezera chiweto chanu ku nkhuku.

Kodi tsogolo la munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Lyme ndi lotani?

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a Lyme amatha kuchiritsidwa ngati atachiritsidwa mwachangu. Chithandizo chingachiritse matenda a Lyme. Komabe, nthawi zina pangakhale zotsatirapo zina kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati sanachiritsidwe, matenda a Lyme angayambitse mavuto ena akuluakulu, koma nthawi zambiri sapha.

Matenda a Lyme pambuyo pa chithandizo (PTLDS)

Nthawi zina, ngakhale atalandira chithandizo, anthu ena (pakati pa 5% ndi 15% ya anthu) angapitirize kutopa, kupweteka thupi, komanso mutu. Izi zimatchedwa matenda a Lyme pambuyo pa chithandizo (PTLDS) .

Kukhala ndi zizindikiro izi sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi kachilomboka. PTLDS siyankha maantibayotiki ambiri. Kwa anthu ambiri m'gululi, zizindikirozi zimachepa pang'onopang'ono patatha miyezi pafupifupi isanu ndi umodzi.

Matenda a Lyme Osatha

Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "Chronic Lyme disease" ponena za munthu amene wadwala matenda a Lyme ndipo ali ndi zizindikiro za "PTLDS". Anthu ena amaganiza kuti matenda a Lyme osatha ndi "PTLDS" ndi chinthu chimodzi. Komabe, nthawi zina anthu ena amapezeka ndi "Chronic Lyme disease" popanda kudziwitsidwa kale za matenda a Lyme. Nthawi zina, amati kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala opha tizilombo kumathandiza.

Mawu awa mwina ndi chifukwa chake anthu ena amaganiza kuti munthu angatenge matenda a Lyme popanda kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa. Palibe umboni wokwanira wotsimikizira kuti udzudzu umafalitsa matenda a Lyme. Ofufuza ambiri sakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mawu oti 'matenda osatha a Lyme' chifukwa ndi osokoneza pang'ono komanso otsutsana.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ndiye, kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

• Ngati mukumva kudwala mutakhala pamalo omwe nkhupakupa zingakhalepo, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala.
• Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a Lyme ndipo simukumvabe bwino ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala onse opha tizilombo, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga khosi lolimba kapena kusokonezeka.

Kodi matenda a Lyme angachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Inde! Matenda a Lyme nthawi zambiri amatha pakatha milungu iwiri kapena inayi mutamwa mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nthawi zina, mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'mitsempha angafunike kwa milungu ina inayi. Komabe, palibe chifukwa choganiza kuti matenda a Lyme adzakhalabe m'thupi lanu kwamuyaya mutalandira chithandizo.

Zinthu zoti muzikumbukire kuchokera munkhaniyi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, tiyeni tikukumbutseni zinthu zingapo zomwe takambirana lero zokhudza matenda a Lyme zomwe timaona kuti ndizofunikira:

• Valani zovala zodzitetezera mukapita kumadera kumene kungakhale nkhupakupa (nkhalango, madambo). Zinthu monga mathalauza aatali, malaya a manja aatali, ndi nsapato.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa tizilombo, koma samalani.
• Mukatha kukhala panja , yang'anani thupi lanu mosamala ngati muli ndi nkhupakupa.
• Ngati pali nkhupakupa, ichotseni bwino. Musachite mantha.
• Ngati mukumva malungo, kupweteka kwa thupi, kapena malo achilendo pakhungu lanu (makamaka omwe amaoneka ngati chandamale), kaya mutalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa kapena mutapita kudera lomwe kuli nkhupakupa, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.
• Matenda a Lyme amatha kuchiritsidwa ngati atachiritsidwa msanga. Imwani maantibayotiki omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani molondola komanso kwa nthawi yomwe mwapatsidwa.

Kukumbukira zinthu izi kudzakuthandizani kwambiri kukutetezani ku matenda a Lyme, omwe amafalitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Matenda a Lyme , nkhupakupa, kuluma kwa nkhupakupa, Borrelia burgdorferi, erythema migrans, zizindikiro, chithandizo, kupewa