Kujambula kwapadera kuti mudziwe za mtima wanu! (Cardiac Computed Tomography - CT Scan) Tiyeni tikambirane za izi?

Lero tikambirana za scan yapadera yomwe ingakuwonetseni zambiri zokhudza mtima wanu. Imatchedwa cardiac `CT` scan (Cardiac Computed Tomography - CT scan). Mwina dokotala wanu wakuuzani kuti muchite izi, kapena mwamvapo za izi kwinakwake. Choncho tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimachitika, momwe zimachitikira, zomwe muyenera kudziwa musanachite, komanso zabwino ndi zoyipa zake.

Kodi CT scan ya mtima ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, CT scan ya mtima ndi mtundu wapadera wa mayeso a X-ray omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray ambiri ochokera mbali zosiyanasiyana kuti apange zithunzi zomveka bwino za mtima wanu, mitsempha yayikulu yomwe imalumikizana nawo, ndi minofu yozungulira.

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waposachedwa wa CT pochita `Cardiac CT` scan iyi. Nthawi zina, madzi apadera (intravenous (IV) contrast / dye) amalowetsedwa mumtsempha wanu. Izi zimathandiza kuti kapangidwe ka mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi yolumikizidwa nayo iwoneke bwino. Njira iyi yojambulira magawo ambiri imalola madokotala kupeza zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri za mtima wanu woyenda ndi mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi.

Kodi CT scan ya mtima ingazindikire chiyani?

Dokotala wanu angamvetse bwino zinthu zambiri zokhudza mtima wanu pogwiritsa ntchito scan iyi. Mwachitsanzo:

• Mkhalidwe wa mitsempha ya mtima yomwe imapereka magazi ku mtima wanu.
• Momwe zipinda za mtima, minofu ya mtima, ndi ma valve a mtima zimagwirira ntchito.
• Chikhalidwe cha mitsempha ya m'mapapo .
• Kaya pali vuto ndi thoracic aorta ndipo nthawi zina m'mimba aorta .
• Chikwama choteteza chomwe chimazungulira mtima (pericardium) .

Popeza zonsezi zitha kuwoneka bwino kwambiri pa scan iyi, zidzakhala zothandiza kwambiri kwa dokotala kupanga chisankho chabwino chokhudza thanzi la mtima wanu.

Kodi ndi liti pamene CT scan ya mtima imafunika?

Kujambula kwa mtima kwa CT scan kungapereke zambiri mwatsatanetsatane komanso zomveka bwino kuposa mayeso ena ojambulira zithunzi. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe dokotala wanu angalangize kujambula kumeneku. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Dziwani chomwe chikukupangitsani kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kupuma movutikira.
• Yang'anani mitsempha yanu ya mtima ngati ili ndi calcium kapena plaque , yachepa, kapena yatsekeka.
• Yesani momwe ma valve a mtima wanu amagwirira ntchito.
• Yang'anani ngati pali vuto lililonse ndi mtsempha wanu wamagazi, monga aneurysms kapena kusweka kwa mitsempha .
• Opaleshoni ya mtima yotseguka kapenaKonzani opaleshoni ya mtima yomwe siidzalowe m'malo ambiri/yochitidwa ndi roboti.
• Konzani njira zochizira ma valvu a transcatheter/percutaneous .
• Konzani njira zochotsera arrhythmia kuti muchepetse kusinthasintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima .
• Unikani mavuto omwe angabwere pambuyo pa opaleshoni kapena chithandizo chotere.
• Yang'anani ngati muli ndi vuto la mtima lobadwa nalo .
• Fufuzani ngati pali chotupa kapena chotupa mkati kapena mozungulira mtima ndi mtundu wake.
• Yang'anani thumba lozungulira mtima (pericardium) kuti muwone ngati madzi asonkhana (`fluid`) kapena kuti calcium deposits (`calcification`).

Tangoganizirani, amalume anu akumva kupweteka pachifuwa nthawi zonse, ndipo madokotala sakudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli. Panthawi ngati iyi, `CT` scan ingapereke chidziwitso chothandiza kwambiri.

Ndani amachita CT scan ya mtima?

Nthawi zambiri, dokotala wanu wa mtima amalangiza kuti muyesedwe ndi CT scan ya mtima. Komabe, pali gulu lina lachipatala pamalo omwe mukuyezera kuti likuthandizeni. Awa ndi awa:

• Akatswiri: Awa ndi anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito CT scanner ndikupeza zithunzi.
• Anamwino: Ngati kuli kofunikira, anamwino adzaika mzere wa `IV` mumtsempha m'dzanja lanu ndikupereka mankhwala.
• Madokotala: Madokotala amawunika chithunzicho, amasanthula zithunzi, ndikupereka lipoti ('kutanthauzira chithunzicho').

Kuti mupeze scan iyi, muyenera kupita kuchipatala kapena malo odziwika bwino a 'medical imaging'.

Kodi CT scan ya mtima imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Ndi zophweka kwambiri. Mukagona pabedi la sikirini, kuwala kwa X-ray kumazungulirani. Koma sikukhudza thupi lanu. Mungamve phokoso pang'ono kapena phokoso la kudina pamene makina akugwira ntchito. Kompyuta imaphatikiza zithunzi izi kuti ipange chithunzi cha mtima wanu chokhala ndi magawo atatu (3D).

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa MRI ya mtima ndi CT ya mtima ndi kotani?

Mwina munamvapo za mayeso a mtima a MRI . MRI ya mtima ndi CT ya mtima zimatha kupanga zithunzi zatsatanetsatane za mtima, koma pali kusiyana pang'ono pakati pa mayeso awiriwa. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

• Mukalowa mkati mwa makina, makina a CT amakhala otseguka kwambiri kuposa makina a MRI. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu ena samva kupanikizika kwambiri akakhala mkati mwa makina a MRI.
• Kujambula kwa MRI kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kujambula kwa CT.
• Kujambula kwa CT kumagwiritsa ntchito X-ray , koma MRI sikugwiritsa ntchito radiation.
• Makina a CT ndi opanda phokoso kuposa makina a MRI.
• Ngati mwapatsidwa choyezera chosiyanitsa, CT scan imagwiritsa ntchito choyezera chosiyanitsa chokhala ndi ayodini , pomwe MRI imagwiritsa ntchito choyezera chosiyanitsa chokhala ndi gadolinium .

Kotero, ndi dokotala amene amasankha scan yomwe ikuyenererani.

Kodi ndiyenera kukonzekera bwanji mayesowa?

Muyenera kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu tsiku lomwelo lisanafike komanso tsiku lomwe mwapatsidwa CT scan ya mtima, yokhudza zomwe muyenera kudya ndi kumwa, komanso mankhwala oti musiye kumwa.

Zokhudza chakudya ndi zakumwa

• Pa tsiku loyesa, musadye chilichonse kwa maola anayi kapena asanu ndi limodzi nthawi yanu isanafike . Mutha kumwa madzi okha.
• Musamwe zakumwa zilizonse zokhala ndi caffeine tsiku lisanafike kapena tsiku loyesa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti musamwe khofi, tiyi, kapena zakumwa zopatsa mphamvu.
• Musagwiritse ntchito mapiritsi opatsa mphamvu kapena mapiritsi ochepetsa thupi tsiku lisanafike kapena tsiku loyesa. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza izi, funsani dokotala wanu.

Za mankhwala

• Ngati ndinu munthu amene mukumva mantha m'malo opapatiza, funsani dokotala wanu za mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni kukhala chete panthawi yowunikira.
• Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mumamwa, ngakhale mankhwala osaperekedwa ndi dokotala.
• Musamwe Sildenafil (Viagra® kapena Revatio®) kapena mankhwala ena ofanana tsiku lisanafike kapena tsiku loyesa, chifukwa mankhwalawa angagwirizane ndi mankhwala omwe mudzapatsidwe panthawi yoyesa. Funsani dokotala wanu za izi.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga , funsani dokotala wanu momwe mungasinthire mankhwala anu patsiku loyezetsa. Ngati mukuganiza kuti shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi wotsika, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani pa tsiku la mayeso?

Dokotala wanu asanayese CT scan yanu ya mtima, adzafuna kudziwa zinthu izi:

• Kodi muli ndi pakati?
• Kodi muli ndi vuto la ayodini ndi/kapena nkhono , kapena mankhwala ena?
• Kodi panopa mukulandira chithandizo cha radiation ?
• Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 60 , kapena munali ndi vuto la impso m'mbuyomu, mungafunike kuyesedwa magazi kuti muwone momwe impso zanu zimagwirira ntchito musanaperekedwe mankhwala osiyanitsa.

Kukonzekera CT scan

• Chotsani zodzikongoletsera zanu ndipo muzisiye kunyumba.
• Zapadera zomwe chipatala chakupatsaniUyenera kuvala diresi la kuchipatala.
• Mwina dokotala angakupatseni mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima wanu .
• Ngati mwapatsidwa madzi osiyanitsa (dye), namwino adzaika mzere wa IV mumtsempha m'dzanja lanu. Madzi amenewa ndi omwe amachititsa kuti mitsempha yanu yamagazi ndi mtima wanu ziwonekere bwino pazithunzi za scan.
• Mudzagonekedwa pabedi lapadera, ndipo bedilo lidzasunthidwa pang'onopang'ono kupita ku malo ozungulira pakati pa CT scanner.
• Dokotala adzayeretsa pafupifupi madera atatu pachifuwa panu ndikupaka tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomata tokhala ndi ma electrode . Kuti muwonetsetse kuti ma electrode awa akumamatira bwino, mungafunike kudula tsitsi lina pachigawo chimenecho cha pachifuwa panu.
• Ma electrode awa amalumikizidwa ndi chowunikira cha electrocardiogram (EKG) , chomwe chimalemba momwe magetsi a mtima wanu amagwirira ntchito panthawi yoyezetsa.
• Mudzapemphedwa kugona pa bedi la sikirini ndi manja anu pamwamba pa mutu wanu mpaka mayeso atatha. Mutu ndi miyendo yanu zidzakhala kunja kwa sikirini.

Chofunika kwambiri: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala chete panthawiyi ndikutsatira malangizo mosamala. Pokhapokha mudzatha kupeza zithunzi zomveka bwino.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya mayeso?

Kujambula kwa mtima wonse kwa CT scan kungatenge mphindi 30 mpaka 60 , kuphatikizapo nthawi yokonzekera. Komabe, kujambula kwa CT scan kwenikweni kumatenga nthawi yayitali, pafupifupi mphindi 10 zokha .

• Mudzamva chojambulira chooneka ngati donati chikulowa m'bedi lomwe mwagona.
• Ngati mwapatsidwa mankhwala osiyanitsa khungu, dokotala adzawabaya kudzera mu IV line yanu. Ndizachilendo kumva kutentha pang'ono pamene madziwo akuyenda m'thupi lanu. Anthu ena amatha kumva kukoma kwachitsulo mkamwa mwawo kwa masekondi angapo.
• Kuti mupeze zithunzi zomveka bwino, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mukhale chete ndikutsatira malangizowo molondola .
• Mukhoza kulankhula ndi gulu lachipatala. Angakupemphenso kuti mupume mpweya wanu kwa kanthawi kochepa .

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa mayeso?

Dokotala akatsimikiza kuti ali ndi zithunzi zonse zomwe akufuna, adzachotsa mzere wanu wa IV. Kenako mutha kusintha ndikupita kunyumba.

Mukamaliza kuyezetsa, mutha kuchita zinthu zanu zachizolowezi ndikudya ndi kumwa. Komabe, ngati mwamwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, wina adzafunika kubwera kudzakutengerani kunyumba.

Dokotala wanu adzakudziwitsani za zotsatira za mayeso tsiku lomwelo kapena patatha masiku angapo.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse ndi mayesowa?

Kujambula kwa CT ndi njira yochepetsera chiopsezo . Komabe, anthu ena angakumane ndi mavuto ang'onoang'ono ndi madzi osiyanitsa kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa.

Choyezera kusiyanitsa / utoto

• Kawirikawiri, anthu ena amakhala ndi vuto ndi madzi osiyanitsa (omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ayodini). Anthu ena amatha kuyabwa, nseru, kuyetsemula, kapena kutupa pakhungu atalandira mankhwalawo. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimatha popanda chithandizo. Komabe, zimatha kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala oletsa antihistamines, steroids, ndi histamine blockers .
• Kawirikawiri, vuto lalikulu la ziwengo (anaphylactic reaction) limatha kuchitika. Zingayambitse kupuma movutikira. Izi zitha kupha munthu, choncho chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu komanso mankhwala amafunika kuti athetse zizindikirozi.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga kapena impso , mungapemphedwe kumwa madzi ochulukirapo mutatha kusanthula kuti muchotse ayodini m'thupi lanu.
• Popeza njira yosiyanitsa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula CT scan ya mtima imatha kulowa mu mkaka wa m'mawere , ngati mukuyamwitsa, ndi bwino kutulutsa mkaka wa m'mawere musanajambule. Kenako mutha kuyamwitsa mwana wanu mkakawo kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri mutamaliza kujambula.

Kuwala kwa dzuwa

Ma CT scanner amagwiritsa ntchito X-ray. Pali chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri cha khansa chifukwa cha kuwala kumeneku pakapita nthawi. Kuti mukhale otetezeka, kukhudzana ndi kuwala kumeneku kumakhala kochepa. Komabe, ma X-ray akhoza kukhala oopsa kwa mwana wosabadwayo, choncho mayesowa sakuvomerezeka ngati muli ndi pakati . Ngati pakufunika kutero, dokotala wanu adzakonza zoti ateteze mwana wanu.

Mankhwala ochepetsa kugunda kwa mtima

Ngati munapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa kugunda kwa mtima wanu poyezetsa, kapena ngati muli ndi vuto monga mphumu, kulephera kwa mtima, kapena matenda osatha oletsa kupuma (COPD) , mungakhale ndi vuto lopuma panthawi yoyezetsa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa izi.

Kodi zotsatira zake ndi ziti? Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Pakhoza kukhala mitundu iwiri ya zotsatira pambuyo pa scan: zotsatira zabwinobwino ndi zotsatira zosazolowereka.

Zotsatira zachizolowezi

• Mtima wanu ndi mitsempha yanu yamagazi zimawoneka bwino .
• Kalisiyumu yanu ndi zero (`0`). Izi zikutanthauza kuti mulibe matenda a mitsempha ya mtima , ndipo muli ndi chiopsezo chochepa chokhala ndi matenda a mtima.

Zotsatira zachilendo

• Pali mafuta ochulukirapo (plaque) ndi kuchepa (stenosis) m'mitsempha ya mtima.
• Kukhala ndi calcium yambiri kumatanthauza kuti muli ndi atherosclerosis ya mitsempha ya mtima .
• Kalisiyumu wokwana 100 kapena kuchepera umasonyeza zizindikiro zochepa za matenda a mitsempha ya mtima.
• Ngati ili pamwamba pa 400 , ndiye kuti izi zikusonyeza zizindikiro zofala za matenda a mitsempha ya mtima.
• Ngati ili pakati pa 100 ndi 400 , pali makhalidwe apakati.
• Kawirikawiri, mulingo wa calcium m'thupi lanu umaperekedwa ngati chiŵerengero cha percentile , chomwe chimakuuzani komwe muli poyerekeza ndi anthu ena a msinkhu wanu, jenda, ndi fuko lanu omwe adatenga mayesowo.
• Ntchito ya mtima kapena ma valve sizikugwira ntchito bwino .
• Matenda a mtima - kuchulukana kwa madzi m'thumba lozungulira mtima (`effusion`) ndi kutupa kwa pericardium (`pericarditis`).
• Pali chotupa kapena chilonda .
• Pali vuto la mtima lobadwa nalo .
• Mtsempha wamagazi umakula (aneurysm) , umang'ambika (kung'ambika) , kapena umachepa (stenosis/coarctation) .

Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani bwino zotsatira zake.

Kodi ndiyenera kuyimbira dokotala liti?

Ngati mukumva ngati mukukumana ndi vuto chifukwa cha madzi osiyanitsa kapena mankhwala omwe mudapatsidwa panthawi yoyezetsa, kapena ngati simunalandire zotsatira za cardiac CT scan yanu patatha masiku angapo, imbani dokotala wanu.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Musaope kujambulidwa ndi CT scan ya mtima kapena makina a CT. Iyi ndi njira yoyesera yosavulaza yomwe imapatsa dokotala wanu chidziwitso chamtengo wapatali chokhudza zomwe zikuchitika mumtima mwanu ndi kapangidwe kake kozungulira.

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu okhudza kudya ndi kumwa musanayesedwe. Komanso, onetsetsani kuti mwakhala chete ndikusunga mpweya wanu panthawi yoyezetsa.

Kuyezetsa kumeneku kungakuuzeni zambiri zokhudza thanzi la mtima wanu, choncho musazengereze kuchita ngati pakufunika kutero. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo.

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