Kodi kuyenda kwa magazi m'miyendo yanu kuli bwino? (Ankle-Brachial Index - ABI) Tiyeni tidziwe ndi mayesowa!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva miyendo yanu ikupweteka mukamayenda? Kapena mumamva ngati miyendo yanu yayamba dzanzi mutayenda mtunda waufupi? Chifukwa chimodzi cha izi chingakhale kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi ku miyendo yanu. Kuyesa kosavuta komanso kosapweteka kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi matenda otere ndi mayeso a Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI). Tiyeni tikambirane izi mwatsatanetsatane lero.

Kodi Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ABI iyi ndi mayeso osavuta omwe amayesa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'kakolo ndi m'manja. Amafufuza makamaka ngati mitsempha ikuluikulu ya magazi m'miyendo yanu, mitsempha, yatsekedwa kapena yachepa chifukwa cha mafuta ambiri (monga dothi lomwe limatseka chitoliro cha madzi). Madokotala amatcha vutoli ``Peripheral Artery Disease`` kapena PAD. Mu Chisinhala, amatanthauza matenda a mitsempha yamagazi.

Matenda a PAD amenewa angapangitse miyendo kusalandira mpweya ndi michere yokwanira. Pamenepo ndi pomwe zizindikiro zomwe ndatchula kale, monga kupweteka kwa miyendo ndi dzanzi mukuyenda, zimawonekera. Chifukwa chake mayeso a ABI amatha kudziwa ngati muli ndi PAD ndipo, ngati ndi choncho, kuchuluka kwake.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchita liti mayeso a ABI awa?

Si aliyense amene ayenera kuchita mayesowa, koma dokotala angakulimbikitseni kuti muyesedwe ndi ABI ngati muli ndi zotsatirazi:

• Kupweteka kwa miyendo: Ngati mukumva kupweteka, kuuma, kapena kumva kufooka m'miyendo yanu (ntchafu, mabere), makamaka mukamayenda kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndipo kumachepa mutakhala pansi kwakanthawi ndikupumula.
• Ngati muli ndi zaka 65 kapena kuposerapo: Chiwopsezo cha matenda a PAD chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba.
• Ngati muli ndi zaka pakati pa 50 ndi 64 ndipo muli ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingakuchititseni mantha:
• Ngati muli ndi `(Matenda a shuga)`.
• Ngati muli ndi ``(Kuthamanga kwa magazi)``.
• Ngati muli ndi cholesterol yambiri m'magazi.
• Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito fodya (monga ndudu, beedis).
• Ngati wina aliyense m'banja mwanu (amayi, abambo, abale ndi alongo) adadwalapo kale matenda a PAD.
• Ngakhale mutakhala ndi zaka zosakwana 50, muli ndi matenda a shuga komanso chinthu china chomwe chingayambitse matendawa (kuchokera kwa omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa).

Tangoganizirani, mayeso a ABI awa amatha kuzindikira PAD isanafike poipa kwambiri. Kenako, chithandizo chingayambitsidwe mwachangu ndipo chidzakhala chothandiza kwambiri popewa matenda monga ``Critical limb ischemia`` ndi ``Amputation``, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa miyendo, nthawi zina mpaka kufika poduladula.

Kodi mayeso a ABI awa amachitika bwanji?

Izi n'zosavuta kwambiri. Zili ngati kuyezetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi anu mukapita kwa dokotala nthawi zambiri. Koma nthawi ino , amayesa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'manja mwanu, m'mapazi anu, ndi m'miyendo yonse inayi.

Mayeso amenewa nthawi zambiri amachitidwa ndi namwino.

1. Choyamba, chogwirira cha kuthamanga kwa magazi chimayikidwa pa mkono wanu wapamwamba, ndikuchilimbitsa pang'ono, ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayesedwa pamene mukupumira ndi kutulutsa madzi.

2. Kenako yesani mkono wina mofanana.

3. Kenako, chipewacho chimayikidwa mozungulira bondo la mwendo wanu umodzi ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayesedwanso pamenepo.

4. Yesani mwendo wina mofanana.

Poyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi anu, dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito makina ang'onoang'ono ojambulira (omwe amatchedwanso kuti Doppler yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja). Makinawa amamvetsera phokoso la magazi lomwe likuyenda kudzera mu mitsempha yanu ya brachial, mitsempha ya dorsalis pedis, kapena mitsempha ya posterior tibial. Choyezera kuthamanga kwa magazi chimawerenga phokosolo likamveka.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti iyi ndi mayeso 'osavulaza'. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe singano kapena mabala pakhungu. Choncho palibe choopa. N'zosavuta kwambiri.

Kodi ndiyenera kukonzekera bwanji mayeso a ABI ndisanachite?

Kuti mayeso akhale osavuta kwa inu ndikupeza zotsatira zolondola, muyenera kuchita zinthu zingapo:

• Musamwe chilichonse chokhala ndi caffeine (khofi, tiyi, zakumwa zina zoziziritsa kukhosi) patsiku loyesa.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito fodya (ndudu, beedis) ndi kumwa mowa kwa ola limodzi kapena awiri musanayesedwe.
• Musachite masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa ola limodzi musanayese mayeso. Ngakhale kuyenda pang'ono.
• Valani zovala zomasuka komanso zomasuka zomwe zimakulolani kuti muwonetse mosavuta pamwamba pa manja ndi akakolo anu.
• Musanapite kukayezetsa, kodzani bwino ndikutulutsa madzi m'chikhodzodzo. Izi zidzakuthandizani kumva bwino panthawi yoyezetsa.

Chinthu china chofunika: Ngati mudachitidwapo opaleshoni ina iliyonse kuti magazi ayende bwino m'miyendo yanu (monga vascular bypass), muyenera kuuza munthu amene akuyesayo za izi, chifukwa zingakhudze momwe mayesowo amachitikira.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani panthawi ya mayeso?

Mukapita ku chipinda choyezetsera, mudzapemphedwa kuti mugone pansi ndikupumula kwa mphindi 10 mpaka 30 mayeso asanayambe. Izi zimathandiza thupi lanu kukhala bata komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi kukhazikika. Muyenera kugona pansi ndi manja ndi miyendo yanu molunjika panthawi yonse yoyezetsa. Nthawi zina, mapilo ang'onoang'ono amaikidwa pansi pa manja ndi akakolo anu, kuwakweza kufika pamlingo wa mtima wanu. Izi zithandiza kuti magazi aziwerengedwa molondola.

Kenako, monga ndanenera kale, wogwira ntchito zachipatala:

1. Kuthamanga kwa magazi anu kudzayesedwa ndi dzanja limodzi.

2. Kenako, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayesedwa m'kakolo ka mwendo kumbali yomweyo ya mkono umenewo.

3. Kenako, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayesedwa m'kakolo ka mwendo wina.

4. Pomaliza, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayesedwa mu mkono wina.

Nthawi zina, ngati mukufuna kupeza kuwerenga kolondola, mutha kuyeza izi kangapo. Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala wanu adzakuuzani za izi. Njira yonse yoyezera kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi zambiri imatenga nthawi yochepa kwambiri, pafupifupi mphindi 10 mpaka 20. Ndi zimenezo, mayeso atha!

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse ndi mayesowa?

Mayeso a ABI ndi otetezeka kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri palibe zoopsa kapena zotsatirapo zake.

Komabe, ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa izi, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu pasadakhale:

• Ngati muli ndi mabala kapena zilonda zomwe sizinachiritsidwe pa miyendo yanu: Si bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chipewa pamalo otere, choncho ogwira ntchito zachipatala adzapewa malo amenewo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina.
• Ngati mwachitidwa opaleshoni ya mitsempha ya magazi m'miyendo mwanu posachedwapa: Kudula malo otere kungakhale koopsa ndipo kungayambitse magazi kuundana.

Zinthu zimenezi zikanenedwa, gulu la madokotala limatenga njira zofunikira.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa mayeso?

Mukhoza kuyambiranso ntchito zanu zachizolowezi mukangomaliza mayeso. Sipafunika kupuma. Nthawi zina ogwira ntchito zachipatala omwe adachita mayesowa adzatha kukupatsani ndemanga pa zotsatira zake. Apo ayi, muyenera kukumana ndi dokotala yemwe adalamula mayesowo kuti mukambirane zotsatira zake.

Kodi mtengo wa ABI uwu umawerengedwa bwanji?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe tingawerengere mtengo wa ABI uwu. Izi zingawoneke ngati masamu pang'ono, koma kwenikweni ndizosavuta.

Mwachidule, kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'miyendo yanu iwiri (systolic - chiwerengero chapamwamba cha kuthamanga kwa magazi) kumagawidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'manja mwanu awiri. Ndicho chimene ABI ili.

Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani izi:

• Kuthamanga kwa magazi anu ku bondo lanu lamanzere ndi 105/65 mmHg, ndipo ku bondo lanu lamanja ndi 100/60 mmHg.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'dzanja lanu lamanzere ndi 130/85 mmHg, ndipo m'dzanja lanu lamanja ndi 125/80 mmHg.

Tsopano kuti tipeze mtengo wa ABI, timatenga manambala apamwamba kwambiri (`(systolic)`) otengedwa kuchokera pamalo aliwonse.

• Mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri wa ``(systolic)`` kuchokera ku bondo: 105 mmHg
• Mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri wa `(systolic)` kuchokera m'manja: 130 mmHg

Tsopano tifunika kugawa mtengo wa akakolo (105) ndi mtengo wa dzanja (130).

105 ÷ 130 = 0.807 (pafupifupi 0.8)

Kotero, mu chitsanzo ichi, mtengo wa ABI ndi 0.8.

Kodi zotsatira izi zikuti chiyani?

Mtengo wa ABI womwe mumalandira umakupatsani lingaliro la momwe mitsempha yamagazi ilili m'miyendo yanu.

• 1.0 mpaka 1.3: Iyi ndi mtengo wabwinobwino . Zimatanthauza kuti miyendo yanu imayenda bwino.
• 0.9 mpaka 1.0: Iyi ndi mtengo wocheperako . Zikutanthauza kuti PAD ili pafupi kukula. Kusintha moyo kungalimbikitsidwe.
• 0.7 mpaka 0.9: Iyi ndi vuto la PAD lochepa .
• 0.4 mpaka 0.7: Iyi ndi vuto la PAD lochepa .
• Ngati ndi yochepera 0.4: Iyi ndi PAD yoopsa . Pakadali pano, pakhoza kukhala zizindikiro zina.

Ngati mtengo wa ABI ndi 0.9 kapena kuchepera, zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi PAD.

Nthawi zina mtengo wa ABIZitha kukhala zokwera kuposa 1.4. Ngati ndi choncho, zikutanthauza kuti mitsempha yanu yamagazi (mitsempha) yakhala yolimba pang'ono, "yokhala ndi calcified" (ngati miyala). Izi zitha kuchitika mukamakula, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi ``diabetes`` (shuga), kapena mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso. Mitsempha ikakhala yolimba chonchi, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa ngati muli ndi PAD ndi mayeso a ABI. Ngati ndi choncho, dokotala wanu adzayitanitsa mayeso ena (monga mayeso a ``Toe-Brachial Index - TBI)`` - omwe amayesa kuthamanga kwa magazi ku chala chachikulu chala).

Kafukufuku wapeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi ABI yoposa 1.4 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha imfa chifukwa cha matenda a mtima. Chifukwa chake, kaya mtengo wake ndi wotsika kapena wokwera, ngati uli kunja kwa malire oyenera, ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi.

Kodi ndiyenera kuyimbira dokotala wanga liti?

Ngati simunapeze zotsatira zanu mwamsanga mutamaliza mayeso anu a ABI, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu.

Kutengera ndi zotsatira za ABI yanu, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mupitirize kuyezetsa, kulandira chithandizo, kapena kusintha moyo wanu (monga zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi kusiya kusuta).

Ngati ABI yanu ili kunja kwa mlingo woyenera, dokotala wanu angakulamulireni kuti muyesedwenso mayeso a ABI nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muwone ngati PAD yanu ikuipiraipira kapena ngati ikuchira ndi chithandizo.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Kotero tsopano mukudziwa kuti mayeso a ABI awa ndi osavuta, osapweteka, komanso ofunikira kwambiri. Angakudziwitseni msanga za momwe mitsempha yamagazi ilili m'miyendo yanu, makamaka ngati muli ndi vuto lotchedwa PAD.

Palibe chifukwa choopera. Palibe singano, palibe kudula, kapena mankhwala oletsa ululu. Ngati dokotala wanu akukuuzani kuti muchite mayesowa, yesani kuchita izi. Zidzakuthandizani kwambiri thanzi lanu. Ngati matenda apezeka, chithandizo chofunikira chimayamba mwachangu.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musachite manyazi ndipo funsani dokotala wanu. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

ABI , Chizindikiro cha Akakolo ndi Brachial, PAD, Matenda a Mitsempha ya M'mphepete mwa Mtsempha, Kupweteka kwa Miyendo, Kuthamanga kwa Magazi, Kuyesa Mitsempha