Tiyeni tiphunzire za 'mtsempha waukulu wa magazi' wa mtima wanu (Ascending Aorta) ndi kufunika kwake.

Lero tikambirana za gawo lofunika kwambiri, ngakhale lingawoneke lovuta pang'ono, losavuta kumvetsa la thupi lathu. Imeneyo ndi (Ascending Aorta) . Mwachidule, iyi ndi gawo loyamba la mtsempha waukulu wamagazi, (Aorta) , lomwe limayamba kuchokera mumtima mwathu ndikugawa magazi ku thupi lonse. Lili ngati chidutswa chomwe chimayikidwa mupaipi yayikulu chomwe chimabweretsa madzi kuchokera mu thanki yamadzi kupita kunyumba. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone chomwe ichi (Ascending Aorta) ndi, chomwe chimachichitikira, matenda amtundu wanji omwe angayambitse, komanso momwe tingachisungire bwino.

Kodi (Kukwera kwa mtsempha wamagazi) n'chiyani? Kodi chimayambitsa chiyani?

Tangoganizani kuti thupi lathu lili ngati mzinda waukulu. Nyumba iliyonse, shopu iliyonse, malo aliwonse mumzinda uno amafunikira madzi. Mofananamo, selo lililonse m'thupi lathu limafunikira magazi oyera, odzaza ndi mpweya. Ndani amapopa magazi awa m'thupi lonse? Mtima wathu. Magazi omwe mtima umapopa amanyamulidwa m'thupi lonse ndi mtsempha waukulu, waukulu kwambiri wamagazi (Aorta) , kapena mtsempha waukulu wamagazi.

Tsopano ichi (Aorta) chili ndi magawo angapo.

1. (Kukwera kwa mtsempha wamagazi): Iyi ndi gawo lomwe limakwera pamene likutuluka m'chipinda chachikulu chopopera magazi chotchedwa Left Ventricle kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima. Uyu ndiye mtsogoleri wathu lerolino.

2. (Aortic Arch): Kenako chubu ichi chimapinda mmwamba ngati chogwirira cha ndodo. Chimatchedwa (Aortic Arch).

3. (Kutsika kwa mtsempha wamagazi): Kenako chubu ichi chimatsika, kudzera pachifuwa, kudzera m'mimba. Gawo limenelo limatchedwa (Kutsika kwa mtsempha wamagazi).

Kotero, ntchito yaikulu ya (Ascending Aorta) ndikutenga magazi odzaza ndi mpweya omwe amapopedwa ndi mtima ndikuyamba kuwagawa ku (Aortic Arch) ndikupita ku thupi lonse. Makamaka, mitsempha iwiri yofunika kwambiri yamagazi yotchedwa Coronary Arteries yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima imayambira pa iyi (Ascending Aorta). Tangoganizirani, pampu yamadzi imafunikanso madzi kuti igwire ntchito, ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito.

Kodi (Ascending Aorta) iyi ili kuti? Ikuwoneka bwanji?

Mtsempha uwu (Ascending Aorta) uli pachifuwa chathu, makamaka fupa lalikulu pakati pa chifuwa, kumbuyo kwa (Sternum) , kumanzere kwa mtima. Umalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi (Left Ventricle) ya mtima ndipo umapita mmwamba.

Ponena za mawonekedwe ake, msempha wonse wa mtima umaoneka ngati ndodo imodzi yaying'ono. Msempha wokwera ndi gawo lalifupi kwambiri la ndodo lomwe limayambira pafupi ndi mtima ndikukwera mmwamba. Chipilala cha msempha wa mtima ndi gawo lomwe limapindika ngati chogwirira cha ndodo.

Mtsempha wa Ascending Aorta nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa masentimita 5 ndi 8 (pafupifupi mainchesi 2 mpaka 3) ndipo m'lifupi mwake umakhala pafupifupi masentimita 3 mpaka 4. Pang'onopang'ono umachepa m'lifupi pamene ukutsika pachifuwa.

Kodi ziwalo za Ascending Aorta ndi ziti? Kodi zimapangidwa bwanji?

Msewu wonse wa aorta umagawidwa m'magawo awiri akuluakulu: thoracic aorta ndi abdominal aorta.Mitsempha ya (Ascending Aorta), (Aortic Arch), ndi (Descending Aorta) zimalumikizana kuti zipange (Thoracic Aorta).

Mtsempha wa Aorta Wokwera umayamba pafupi ndi Aortic Heart Valve, yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa Left Ventricle. Aortic Valve iyi ili ngati chitseko. Imatsegula ndi kutseka kuti magazi atuluke kuchokera ku Left Ventricle kupita ku Aorta. Ascending Aorta imatha nthawi yomweyo Brachiocephalic Artery, nthambi yoyamba yayikulu yomwe imafalikira kuchokera ku Aortic Arch.

Ascending Aorta ili ndi magawo awiri akuluakulu:

1. (Muzu wa Mtsempha wa Aortic): Uwu ndi muzu wa (Ascending Aorta), gawo lomwe lili pafupi ndi (Aortic Valve). Mkati mwake muli mabowo ang'onoang'ono ofanana ndi babu otchedwa (Aortic Sinuses) . Apa ndi pomwe kumanja ndi kumanzere (Coronary Arteries) (mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima) kumayambira. Apa ndi pomwe (Sinotubular Junction - STJ) ili. STJ ndi pomwe (Ascending Aorta) imakhala chubu chachibadwa.

2. Tubular (Kukwera kwa mtsempha wamagazi): Izi zimayamba pambuyo pa STJ ndipo zimapitirira mpaka ku Aortic Arch. Palibe mtsempha wina wamagazi womwe umatuluka kuchokera ku gawoli.

Monga mbali zina za msempha wa magazi, msempha wokwera umapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu za minofu. Taganizirani ngati chitoliro, chokhala ndi zigawo zitatu:

• (Tunica Intima): Uwu ndiye gawo lamkati kwambiri. Magazi amayenda kudzera mu izi.
• (Media): Uwu ndi gawo lapakati. Lili ndi ulusi wambiri wotanuka. Izi zimathandiza kuti (Aorta) ichepetse ndikutambasuka malinga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Komabe, pakapita nthawi, ulusiwu ukhoza kufooka ndipo khoma likhoza kucheperachepera.
• (Adventitia): Uwu ndi gawo lakunja kwambiri. Uli ndi mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono yomwe imapereka chakudya kukhoma la (Aorta).

Mwachidule, Ascending Aorta ndi 'chidutswa cha chitoliro' chofunikira kwambiri komanso champhamvu chomwe chimalandira magazi kuchokera mumtima ndikuyamba kuwatumiza m'thupi lonse.

Ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza Ascending Aorta?

Mwatsoka, gawo lofunika kwambiri ili lingathenso kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zikuluzikulu ndi izi:

• Matenda a Aortic Aneurysms: Ili ndi vuto lofala kwambiri. Matenda a aneurysm ndi kufooka kwa khoma la mtsempha wamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti lizitupa ngati baluni. Ma aneurysms opitilira 50% a aortic omwe ali pachifuwa amapezeka mu aorta yokwezeka. Amatha kuchitika muzu wa aortic kapena mu aorta yokwezeka. Matenda a Aortic aneurysms ndi matenda oopsa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa aneurysm imatha kung'ambika m'zigawo za mtsempha wamagazi - vuto lotchedwa aortic dissection . Kapena, ngati lasweka kwathunthu, kutuluka magazi kwambiri kungachitike mkati mwa thupi. Izi ndi zadzidzidzi.

• (Kutsekeka kwa Valavu ya Aortic):Ngakhale kuti Aortic Valve si mbali ya Ascending Aorta, imalumikizidwa ku khoma lamkati la Ascending Aorta. Aortic Stenosis ndi kuchepa kwa Aortic Valve pakati pa Aortic Root ndi Left Ventricle. Izi zimapangitsa mtima kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upompe magazi mu Aorta. Izi zingayambitse minofu ya mtima kukula.

• (Kubwezeretsa Valavu ya Aortic): Izi zimachitika pamene (Valavu ya Aortic) siitseka bwino. Kenako, m'malo mopita patsogolo mu (Aorta), magazi amatulukanso mu (Ventricle Yakumanzere). Izi zimapangitsa mtima kupopa magazi ambiri kuposa masiku onse. Pakapita nthawi, mtima ukhoza kufooka. (Kubwezeretsa Valavu ya Aortic) kungachitikenso chifukwa cha (Kukwera kwa Valavu) kukula.

• Vavu ya Mtsempha wa Bicuspid (BAV): Anthu ena amabadwa ndi timabuku tiwiri mu valavu yawo ya mtsempha m'malo mwa titatu. Anthu omwe ali ndi valavu yamtunduwu ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi aneurysms ya mtsempha wokwera. BAV nthawi zambiri ingayambitse aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, kapena zonse ziwiri.

• Matenda a Minofu Yolumikizana: Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga (Marfan Syndrome) , (Loeys-Dietz Syndrome) , ndi (Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome) amatha kukhala ndi mavuto monga (Aneurysms) chifukwa khoma la (Aorta) limatha kufooka.

• Matenda Otupa: Matenda monga Giant Cell Arteritis ndi Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcers amathanso kuwononga khoma la mtsempha wamagazi.

Ngakhale zizindikirozi zingawoneke zoopsa pang'ono, zitha kuthetsedwa ngati zitazindikirika msanga ndikuchiritsidwa bwino .

Kodi ndingatani kuti Ascending Aorta yanga ikhale yathanzi?

Zinthu zomwezo zomwe mumachita kuti mtima wanu ndi dongosolo lanu lozungulira magazi likhale lathanzi ndizonso zabwino pa thanzi la Ascending Aorta.

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi: Idyani zakudya zomwe zili ndi mchere wochepa (mchere), cholesterol, ndi mafuta okhuta. Idyani zipatso zambiri, ndiwo zamasamba, tirigu wonse, ndi ulusi.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Chitani zinthu monga kuyenda, kuthamanga, kapena kusambira kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku. Zimalimbitsa mtima komanso zimawongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Siyani kusuta fodya ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya kwathunthu: Kusuta fodya ndi mdani wamkulu wa mitsempha yamagazi. Kumafooketsa khoma la mtsempha wamagazi ndipo kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha aneurysms.
• Chepetsani kapena siyani kumwa mowa: Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kungathenso kuonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuwononga mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi.
• Pita kukayezetsa kuchipatala nthawi zonse: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kukayezetsa pafupipafupi monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, makamaka ngati muli ndi mavuto monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol, matenda ashuga, kapena ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi vuto la aorta.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi Ascending Aortic Syndrome kapena vuto lina la mtima, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati muyamba zizindikiro zatsopano kapena ngati zizindikiro zomwe muli nazo zikuipiraipira.

Komanso, ngati mukukumana ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi, chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kuphulika kwa aneurysm ndipo muyenera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu:

• Chizungulire kapena kukomoka (kukomoka).
• Kugunda kwa mtima mwachangu.
• Kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa kapena kumbuyo.
• Kuvuta kupuma.

Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro ngati izi. Kulandira chithandizo msanga kungapulumutse moyo.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Mtsempha wokwera ndi gawo loyamba la mtsempha waukulu kwambiri m'thupi lathu, aorta. Umalumikizana ndi mtima ndipo umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pothandiza kufalitsa magazi okhala ndi mpweya omwe amapopedwa ndi mtima kupita ku thupi lonse.

Mavuto ena okhudzana ndi Ascending Aorta, monga kuphulika kwa aneurysm, akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Chifukwa chake, ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi mbiri ya matenda a mtima, kapena ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 65, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zochepetsera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi Ascending Aorta. Njira yabwino yodzitetezera ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Samalani mtima wanu, chifukwa umakusungani ndi moyo!

Kukwera kwa msempha, msempha, matenda a mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, aneurysm ya msempha, thanzi la mtima, mtima