Bwana wamng'ono wa ubongo wanu: Tiyeni tiphunzire za hypothalamus.

Lero tikambirana za gawo lofunika kwambiri, koma losadziwika bwino la thupi lathu. Ichi ndi chiwalo chodabwitsa chotchedwa Hypothalamus, chomwe chili mkati mwa ubongo wathu, chomwe chimagwira ntchito ngati 'dongosolo lanzeru lolamulira' la thupi lathu. Tangoganizirani momwe thupi lathu lingakhalire losokonezeka popanda chidutswa ichi!

Kodi hypothalamus ndi chiyani? Imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mwachidule, hypothalamus ndi gawo laling'ono, koma lamphamvu kwambiri, la ubongo wanu lomwe ndi lotetezeka kwambiri. Lili ndi kukula kwa mtedza wa cashew. Ndiwo mlatho waukulu pakati pa dongosolo lanu la endocrine , lomwe ndi dongosolo lopanga mahomoni, ndi dongosolo lanu la mitsempha .

Tangoganizani kuti muli ndi 'dongosolo lanzeru la nyumba' m'nyumba mwanu. Limalamulira zokha chilichonse m'nyumbamo, kuphatikizapo magetsi, mafani, ma AC, ndi chitetezo, sichoncho? Mofananamo, hypothalamus ili ngati malo olamulira anzeru a thupi lathu. Ndi chomwe chimathandiza kuti chilichonse m'thupi chikhale bwino komanso moyenera. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha izi kuti balance (Homeostasis) .

Tsopano onani zinthu zomwe amalamulira:

• Kutentha kwa thupi lanu
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Njala ndi ludzu
• Kumva kukhuta mutadya
• Maganizo anu
• Chilakolako chogonana
• Kugona

Hypothalamus imagwira ntchito m'njira ziwiri kuti zonsezi ziyende bwino. Choyamba ndi kukhudza mwachindunji dongosolo la mitsempha lodziyimira palokha . Izi ndi zomwe zimalamulira zinthu zomwe sitizilamulira mwadala, monga kugunda kwa mtima wathu ndi kupuma. China ndi kulamulira mahomoni . Mahomoni ali ngati otumiza a thupi lathu. Amayenda m'magazi ndi kutumiza mauthenga ku ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Hypothalamus imapanga mahomoni ena ndikuwasunga mu posterior pituitary . Imatumizanso zizindikiro (mahomoni) ku pituitary gland . Zizindikirozi zimapangitsa kuti pituitary gland itulutse mahomoni omwe amakhudza gawo lina la thupi mwachindunji, kapena amatumiza chizindikiro ku gland ina, yomwe kenako imatulutsa mahomoni.

Kodi pali ubale wotani pakati pa hypothalamus ndi pituitary gland?

Chiwalo cha pituitary chili pansi pa hypothalamus. Ziwirizi zimagwira ntchito limodzi kwambiri. Chiwalo cha pituitary chili ndi zigawo ziwiri zazikulu: anterior pituitary ndi posterior pituitary . Hypothalamus imalumikizana ndi zigawo ziwirizi mwanjira yapadera.

Imalumikizidwa ku anterior pituitary kudzera mu netiweki ya mitsempha yamagazi. Imalumikizidwa ku posterior pituitary kudzera mu minofu yotchedwa pituitary stem. Hypothalamus imatumiza zizindikiro ku pituitary gland mu mawonekedwe a kutulutsa mahomoni, ndikuiuza kuti itulutse mahomoni awa.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito Anterior Pituitary

Chiwalo cha pituitary cha anterior pituitary chimatulutsa mahomoni osiyanasiyana kutengera zizindikiro zochokera ku hypothalamus. Ena mwa mahomoni amenewa amakhudza mwachindunji ziwalo za thupi, pomwe ena amalimbikitsa ma glands ena kutulutsa mahomoni ambiri. Izi zingamveke zovuta, koma kwenikweni ndi chain reaction. Mwachitsanzo, kukula kwa mahomoni ndi thyroid-stimulating hormone zimayendetsedwa motere.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito Posterior Pituitary

Apa, chinthu china chosiyana pang'ono chikuchitika. Hypothalamus yokha imapanga mahomoni awiri, koma amasungidwa mu posterior pituitary. Pamene pakufunika, hypothalamus imatumiza chizindikiro kuti itulutse mahomoni awa m'magazi. Mahomoni awiriwa ndi awa:

• Oxytocin: Iyi ndi homoni yapadera kwambiri. Imathandiza kukoka minofu ya chiberekero panthawi yobereka komanso imalimbikitsa kutsika kwa mkaka panthawi yoyamwitsa. Imaganiziridwanso kuti imakhudza mgwirizano, chilakolako chogonana, kudalirana, kuzindikira, kugona tulo tofa nato, komanso kumva chisangalalo.
• Vasopressin: Imatchedwanso kuti antidiuretic hormone (ADH) , hormone iyi imalamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuchuluka kwa mkodzo womwe umatuluka, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kodi ntchito zina za hypothalamus ndi ziti?

Kuwonjezera pa mahomoni omwe atchulidwa kale, hypothalamus imapanga mahomoni ena ofunikira angapo.

• Dopamine: Iyi ndi 'hormone yosangalatsa'. Ndi yomwe imatipangitsa kukhala osangalala komanso okhutira. Ndi yomwe imatilimbikitsa kuchita zinazake. Dopamine imachitanso china chake, ndipo ndicho kuuza pituitary gland kuti isiye kutulutsa hormone yotchedwa prolactin .
• Somatostatin: Homoni iyi imaletsa kutulutsidwa kwa mahomoni ena angapo. Mwachitsanzo, imaletsa kutulutsidwa kwa mahomoni monga kukula kwa mahomoni , mahomoni olimbikitsa chithokomiro , cholecystokinin, ndi insulin . Chodabwitsa n'chakuti mahomoni amenewa amalamuliranso kupanga somatostatin.

Kuphatikiza apo, hypothalamus yokha imakonza kusalingana kulikonse pazinthu monga kusintha kwa kutentha kwa thupi, kupsinjika maganizo, ndi kayimbidwe ka thupi lathu tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kodi hypothalamus ili kuti?

Ndinanena kale kuti, ndi kukula kwa mtedza wa cashew. Hypothalamus ili pansi pa ubongo wanu, pansi pa thalamus ndi pamwamba pa pituitary gland. Kunena zoona, ili pamwamba pa ubongo.

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani ngati hypothalamus yawonongeka?

Ngati hypothalamus yawonongeka mwanjira ina, singathe kugwira ntchito yake bwino. Tikuitcha vutoli kukhala hypothalamic dysfunction . Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri za izi.

Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse kusokonekera kwa hypothalamus:

• Kuvulala mutu, mwachitsanzo , kuvulala koopsa muubongo .
• Matenda a muubongo.
• Matenda a ubongo kapena aneurysms ya ubongo yomwe imapezeka mkati kapena mozungulira hypothalamus.
• Kuchepetsa thupi kwambiri chifukwa cha matenda a kudya, monga bulimia kapena anorexia .
• Opaleshoni ya ubongo.
• Chithandizo cha radiation ndi chemotherapy .
• Zilema zobadwa nazo / Matenda obadwa nawo okhudza ubongo kapena hypothalamus.
• Matenda otupa, mwachitsanzo , multiple sclerosis ndi neurosarcoidosis .
• Matenda ena a majini, mwachitsanzo , kusowa kwa mahomoni okula .

Matenda omwe angayambitsidwe ndi kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa hypothalamus:

Matenda osiyanasiyana amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa hypothalamus. Popeza hypothalamus ndi pituitary gland zimagwira ntchito limodzi kwambiri, matenda omwe amakhudza chilichonse mwa izi amatchedwanso matenda a hypothalamic-pituitary .

• Hypopituitarism: Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa pituitary gland kapena hypothalamus.
• Matenda a shuga insipidus: Matendawa amapezeka pamene hypothalamus siipanga bwino hormone ya vasopressin (ADH). Izi zimapangitsa kuti impso zitulutse madzi ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azikodza kwambiri komanso azimva ludzu kwambiri.
• Matenda a Prader-Willi: Ichi ndi matenda a majini. Pa vutoli, hypothalamus siidziwa bwino ngati m'mimba mwadzaza mutadya. Chifukwa chake, munthu amakhala ndi chilakolako chodya nthawi zonse ndipo amakhala ndi chiopsezo cha kunenepa kwambiri.
• Kallmann syndrome: Iyi ndi matenda omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi majini a matenda a hypothalamus. Izi zingayambitse kuchedwa kapena kusatha msinkhu mwa ana.
• Acromegaly ndi pituitary gigantism: Izi ndi matenda osowa kwambiri obwera chifukwa cha kutulutsidwa kwa mahomoni okulira kuchokera ku pituitary gland.
• Matenda a mahomoni oletsa diuretic osayenerera (SIADH): Izi zimachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa mahomoni oletsa diuretic (ADH) kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri. Kungayambitsidwe ndi sitiroko, kutuluka magazi, matenda opatsirana, ngozi, khansa, ndi mankhwala ena.
• Matenda a hypothyroidism apakati: Ichi ndi vuto losowa lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha matenda a hypothalamic ndi pituitary. Choyambitsa chachikulu ndi chotupa cha pituitary, mwachitsanzo pituitary adenoma .
• Kusasamba kwa msambo kosakhazikika kwa akazi: Vutoli limadziwika ndi kutha kwa msambo kwa miyezi yoposa itatu mwa mkazi amene kale anali ndi msambo wokhazikika, kapena kwa miyezi yoposa isanu ndi umodzi mwa mkazi amene anali ndi msambo wosakhazikika. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa msambo wosakhazikika.
• Hyperprolactinemia: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa dopamine, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti prolactin ichuluke. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha zotupa kapena kuwonongeka kwa maselo amitsempha mu hypothalamus.

Kodi zizindikiro za hypothalamus function ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa hypothalamus zimadalira mtundu wa mahomoni omwe akhudzidwa komanso ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni amenewo kuli kotsika kapena kokwera. Ngati pali vuto ndi hypothalamus, mutha kuwona zina mwa zizindikiro izi:

• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Kusunga madzi kapena kutaya madzi m'thupi
• Kuchepetsa thupi kapena kuwonjezeka, ndi kusintha kwa chilakolako cha chakudya kapena popanda kusintha kwa thupi
• Kusabereka
• Thanzi la mafupa lofooka
• Kuchedwa kutha msinkhu
• Kufooka kwa minofu ndi kufooka
• Kusintha kwa kutentha kwa thupi pafupipafupi
• Kusowa tulo
• Kufunika kukodza pafupipafupi

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Hypothalamus yomwe ili muubongo wanu ili ngati malo olamulira anzeru a thupi. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi makina owongolera okha m'nyumba mwanu, hypothalamus imalamulira ntchito za thupi.

Zimakhudza mwachindunji dongosolo lanu la mitsempha, kuwongolera bwino zinthu monga kugunda kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi kutentha kwa thupi. Zimatulutsanso mahomoni ndi kuphunzitsa mahomoni ena kapena tiziwalo ta m'mimba kuti tizitha kuwongolera tulo, malingaliro, kukula kwa minofu ndi mafupa, komanso chilakolako chogonana, pakati pa zinthu zina.

Matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amakhudza hypothalamus angayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo. Chifukwa chake ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala. Kumbukirani, kudziwitsidwa za izi kungakuthandizeni kwambiri pakusamalira thanzi lanu!

Hypothalamus , ubongo, mahomoni, pituitary gland, endocrine system, nervous system, zizindikiro