Mwina mwamvapo za ' testosterone ' ( testosterone )'. Ndi mawu omwe nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mphamvu za amuna, mphamvu, ndi mawonekedwe awo. Komabe, mahomoni ofunikira awa sagwira ntchito kwa amuna okha. Tiyeni tiwone tanthauzo la testosterone, momwe imagwirira ntchito, komanso momwe imakhudzira thupi lanu.
Kodi Testosterone Ndi Chiyani Kwenikweni?
Kuti timvetse ntchito yake, tiyeni tiyambe ndi mfundo zoyambira. Mwachidule, testosterone ndi mahomoni . Amapangidwa makamaka ndi tiziwalo tanu toberekera, tomwe timadziwikanso kuti '(gonads)'. Makamaka, amapangidwa m'machende '(machende)' mwa amuna, komanso m'machende '( machende )' mwa akazi.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma adrenal glands anu '(ma adrenal glands)' amapanga hormone yotchedwa dehydroepiandrosterone '(Dehydroepiandrosterone - DHEA)'. Thupi lanu limasintha `(DHEA)` iyi kukhala mahomoni ena, kuphatikizapo testosterone ndi estrogen '(estrogen)'.
Testosterone ndiye androgen '(androgen)' yoyamba. Androgen ndi mahomoni omwe amalimbikitsa kukula kwa makhalidwe a amuna. Chifukwa cha izi, amuna mwachibadwa amakhala ndi testosterone yambiri m'matupi awo.
Kodi Testosterone ndi Steroid?
Mungadabwe kuti, "Kodi testosterone ndi steroid?" Inde, testosterone yachilengedwe ndi steroid — yomwe imagawidwa makamaka ngati anabolic-androgenic steroid `(anabolic-androgenic steroid)`. "Anabolic" `(Anabolic)` imatanthauza kumanga minofu, pomwe "androgenic" `(androgenic)` imatanthauza kukula kwa makhalidwe a amuna.
Komabe, anthu akamanena za "anabolic steroids" `(anabolic steroids)`, nthawi zambiri amanena za mitundu yopangidwa (yopangidwa ndi anthu) ya testosterone yopangidwa mu labotale. Izi ndi zinthu zomwe nthawi zina zimabayidwa kapena kumwedwa mosayenera.
Malinga ndi maganizo azachipatala, akatswiri azaumoyo amapereka testosterone yopangidwa kuti ithandize ndikuwongolera matenda osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mahomoni mwa amuna.
Mwatsoka, othamanga ena ndi omanga thupi amagwiritsa ntchito testosterone yopangidwa (anabolic steroids) mopitirira muyeso kuti awonjezere magwiridwe antchito kapena kusintha mawonekedwe awo. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kumeneku kungayambitse zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri. Pakapita nthawi, kungayambitse mavuto oopsa azaumoyo monga magazi kuundana '(magazi kuundana)', sitiroko '(sitiroko)', ndipo kungayambitse chiopsezo cha khansa ya prostate '(khansa ya prostate )'. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi popanda kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala ndi koopsa kwambiri ndipo sikuvomerezeka.
Kodi Testosterone Imagwira Ntchito Bwanji M'thupi Lanu?
Ndiye, kodi ntchito ya testosterone `(Testosterone)` ndi yotani kwenikweni m'thupi lanu? Ntchito zake zimasintha ndikusintha pazigawo zosiyanasiyana za moyo wanu. Tiyeni tiwone momwe imagwirira ntchito m'magawo ofunikira awa:
- Kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo `(kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo)`
- Kutha msinkhu kwa amuna `(Kutha msinkhu kwa ana aamuna)`
- Ukalamba `(Ukulu)`
Udindo wa Testosterone pa Kukula kwa Mwana Wosabadwa
Pamene mwana wosabadwayo akukula m'mimba, jini yosankha kugonana pa chromosome ya Y imayambitsa kukula kwa ma testes '(ma testes)' mwa ana osabadwa aamuna pa masabata asanu ndi awiri a mimba. Kenako ma testes amenewa amayamba kupanga testosterone.
Pa nthawi ya fetal iyi, testosterone ndiye amachititsa kwambiripotsogolera chitukuko cha ziwalo zoberekera zamkati ndi zakunja za amuna.
Testosterone Pa Nthawi ya Unyamata Wamwamuna
Mnyamata akafika msinkhu wokhwima, testosterone imayambitsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa thupi komwe kumachitika. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Kukula mofulumira kwa kutalika.
- Kukula kwa tsitsi la thupi, nkhope, ndi kumaliseche.
- Kukula kwa mbolo `(penis)`, machende `(machende)`, ndi prostate gland `(prostate gland)`.
- Kuwonjezeka kwa chilakolako chogonana '(libido)' ndi chidziwitso chogonana.
Testosterone mwa Amuna Achikulire
Amuna akakula, amafunika testosterone kuti apange umuna . Kuphatikiza apo, zimathandiza:
- Lolani thupi lanu kuti lipange maselo atsopano ofiira a magazi.
- Sungani mafupa ndi minofu yolimba.
- Lamulirani chilakolako chogonana `(libido)` ndipo thandizani kukhala ndi maganizo okhazikika.
Testosterone mwa Akazi Achikulire
Mungadabwe kuti, "Kodi akazi amafunikiranso testosterone?" Inde. Mwa akazi, testosterone imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusunga chilakolako chogonana '(libido)'. Komabe, testosterone yambiri yomwe imapangidwa ndi mazira '(mazira)' imasinthidwa kukhala estradiol '(estradiol)' , yomwe ndi mahomoni ogonana achikazi ofunikira kwambiri.
Kodi Mlingo Wanu wa Testosterone Umayendetsedwa Bwanji?
Kodi thupi lanu limasunga bwanji kuchuluka kwa testosterone `(Testosterone)` m'magazi mwanu? Zimadalira njira yodziwika bwino yolumikizirana ndi thupi. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa testosterone yanu kumakhala kwakukulu m'mawa ndipo kumachepa pang'onopang'ono pamene tsiku likupita patsogolo.
Kuchuluka kwa testosterone komwe kumapangidwa ndi kutulutsidwa ndi gonads anu `(gonads)`—ma testicles anu `(ma testicles)` kapena mazira `(ma ovaries)`—kumayendetsedwa ndi madera awiri ofunikira muubongo wanu: hypothalamus `(Hypothalamus)` ndi pituitary gland `(pituitary gland)`.
Nayi njira yowonera pang'onopang'ono momwe njirayi imagwirira ntchito:
1. Hypothalamus yanu `(Hypothalamus)` imatulutsa mahomoni otulutsa gonadotropin `(hormone yotulutsa gonadotropin - GnRH)`.
2. `(GnRH)` iyi imasonyeza pituitary gland yanu `(Pituitary gland)` kuti itulutse luteinizing hormone `(Luteinizing hormone - LH)`.
3. `(LH)` imayenda m'magazi mwanu kupita ku ma gonads anu`(gonads)`, kuwalimbikitsa kupanga ndikutulutsa testosterone. (Mu mazira a akazi,`(LH)` makamaka imalimbikitsa kupanga estrogen`(estrogen)` ndi progesterone`(progesterone)`.)
Pamene kuchuluka kwa testosterone m'magazi mwanu kukukwera, kumawonetsa hypothalamus kuti ichepetse kutulutsidwa kwa `(GnRH)`. Kuzungulira kwa negative feedback kumeneku kumathandiza kuti testosterone yanu ikhale bwino, ikugwira ntchito ngati thermostat yodziyimira yokha .
Ngati gawo lililonse la loop iyi—hypothalamus `(Hypothalamus)`, pituitary gland `(Pituitary gland)`, kapena gonads `(gonads)`—sikugwira ntchito bwino, izi zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa testosterone kosazolowereka.
Ndi Mayeso Otani Amene Amayesa Miyeso ya Testosterone?
Ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti kuchuluka kwa testosterone yanu (Testosterone) kuli kunja kwa mlingo woyenera, angakulangizeni kuti muyese magazi kamodzi kapena angapo, kuphatikizapo:
- Kuyezetsa magazi a testosterone yonse `(Kuyezetsa magazi a testosterone yonse)`: Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'mawa pamene kuchuluka kwa testosterone yanu kuli pamwamba kwambiri.
- Kuyezetsa magazi kwa Homoni yolimbikitsa follicle `(Homoni yolimbikitsa follicle - FSH)`.
- Kuyezetsa magazi kwa hormone ya luteinizing `(hormone ya luteinizing - LH)`.
Kodi Miyezo Yabwinobwino ya Testosterone Ndi Zaka Ziti?
Kodi mitundu yodziwika bwino ya testosterone `(Testosterone)` ndi iti? Mitengo iyi imayesedwa mu nanograms pa deciliter `(ng/dL)`.
Chonde kumbukiranikuti zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndi "zabwinobwino" zimatha kusiyana pang'ono kutengera mayeso enieni a magazi omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kusanthula kwa labotale `(labotale)`. Dokotala wanu nthawi zonse amatanthauzira zotsatira zanu kutengera mitundu yeniyeni yowunikira yomwe yaperekedwa ndi labotale yoyesera. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza manambala anu, ndi bwino kukambirana nawo mwachindunji ndi dokotala wanu.
Nazi malangizo ambiri okhudza kuchuluka kwa testosterone m'thupi:
Milingo ya Testosterone Yachizolowezi kwa Amuna `(ng/dL)`:
- Miyezi 0 mpaka 5: 75 - 400
- Miyezi 6 mpaka zaka 9: Zosakwana zaka 7
- Zaka 10 mpaka 11: 7 - 130
- Zaka 12 mpaka 13: 7 - 800
- Zaka 14: 7 - 1,200
- Zaka 15 mpaka 16: 100 - 1,200
- Zaka 17 mpaka 18: 300 - 1,200
- Zaka 19+: 240 – 950
Milingo ya Testosterone ya Akazi `(ng/dL)`:
- Miyezi 0 mpaka 5: 20 - 80
- Miyezi 6 mpaka zaka 9: Zosakwana zaka 7
- Zaka 10 mpaka 11: 7 - 44
- Zaka 12 mpaka 16: 7 - 75
- Zaka 17 mpaka 18: 20 - 75
- Zaka 19+: 8 - 60
Dziwani: Manambala awa ndi mndandanda wazinthu zodziwika bwino. Kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yomvetsetsera tanthauzo la zotsatirazi pa mbiri yanu yapadera yaumoyo.
Kodi N’chiyani Chimayambitsa Miyezo Yaikulu ya Testosterone?
Matenda angapo angayambitse thupi lanu kupanga testosterone yochulukirapo (Testosterone)`. Nazi zina mwa zifukwa zofala kwambiri:
- Matenda a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome `(Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome – PCOS)`: Uku ndi kusalinganika kwa mahomoni komwe kumafala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mazira. Mazira a mazira amapanga androgens '(androgens)' wochulukirapo, makamaka testosterone. Kusalinganika kumeneku kungayambitse zizindikiro monga kukula kwa tsitsi kosafunikira, ziphuphu, ndi kusakhazikika kwa msambo.
- Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia `(Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia – CAH)`: `(CAH)` ndi gulu la matenda a majini `(masinthidwe a majini)` omwe amachititsa kusowa kwa ma enzyme ofunikira `(ma enzyme)` mu adrenal glands. Ma enzyme amenewa amafunika kuti apange cortisol `(cortisol)`—hormone yomwe imathandiza thupi lanu kuyankha kupsinjika. Popanda iwo, adrenal glands imapanga mahomoni ena mopitirira muyeso, kuphatikizapo testosterone.
- Zotupa za m'chiberekero kapena m'chiberekero `(Zotupa za m'chiberekero kapena m'chiberekero)`: Zotupa zina za m'chiberekero kapena m'chiberekero zimatha kutulutsa androgens zambiri`(androgen)`.
- Zotupa za Adrenal `(Zotupa za Adrenal)`: Ngakhale sizichitika kawirikawiri, zotupa zina m'matenda a adrenal zimatha kupanga mahomoni ogonana mopitirira muyeso, kuphatikizapo androgens (testosterone), estrogen `(estrogen)`, kapena zonse ziwiri.
Zotsatira za testosterone yokwera `(Testosterone)` pa thupi lanu zimasiyana kwambiri kutengera kugonana komwe mudapatsidwa pobadwa komanso zaka zanu.
Testosterone Yaikulu mwa Amuna
Mwa amuna akuluakulu, kuchuluka kwa testosterone mwachibadwa kumakhala kochepa ndipo nthawi zambiri sikuwonetsa zizindikiro zooneka zokha.
Komabe, ngati anyamata aang'ono ali ndi testosterone yochuluka kwambiri, zingayambitse kutha msinkhu msanga (kutha msinkhu msanga) `(kutha msinkhu msanga)` , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kutha msinkhu kumayamba asanakwanitse zaka zisanu ndi zinayi.
Testosterone Yaikulu mwa Akazi
Mwa makanda achikazi, kuchuluka kwa testosterone kwambiri kungayambitse matenda osadziwika bwino a ziwalo zoberekera, monga clitoris yokulirapo. Mwa atsikana achichepere, izi zingayambitsenso kutha msinkhu msanga (kutha msinkhu msanga) (kutha msinkhu msanga)`, ndipo kutha msinkhu kumayamba asanakwanitse zaka zisanu ndi zitatu.
Mwa akazi akuluakulu, kuchuluka kwa testosterone nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro chachikulu cha Polycystic Ovary Syndrome `(PCOS)` . Imeneyi ndi vuto lofala kwambiri, lomwe limakhudza akazi okwana 15% a msinkhu wobereka.
`(PCOS)` ingayambitse zizindikiro monga:
- Ziphuphu zoopsa `(Ziphuphu)`.
- Kumera kwambiri kwa tsitsi pankhope ndi pathupi (vuto lotchedwa hirsutism `(hirsutism)`).
- Kusamba kosakhazikika kapena kulephera kusamba `(Kusamba kosakhazikika)`.
- Tsitsi lochepa kapena losaoneka ngati la amuna.
- Kuzama kwa mawu.
Kodi Chimachitika N'chiyani Ngati Miyezo Yanu ya Testosterone Ili Yotsika?
Tiyeni tikambirane zomwe zimachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa testosterone `(Testosterone)` kutsika pansi pa muyezo wabwinobwino . Kawirikawiri, kuchepa kwa testosterone kumayambitsa zizindikiro zodziwika bwino makamaka mwa amuna, matenda omwe amadziwika kuti hypogonadism ya amuna `(hypogonadism ya amuna)`.
Pali magulu awiri akuluakulu a hypogonadism ya amuna (hypogonadism ya amuna): yakale (yomwe ingakhale yobadwa nayo kapena yopezeka) ndi yochedwa kuyamba.
Kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa amuna (classical male hypogonadism) kumachitika pamene vuto lachipatala, kuvulala, kapena matenda zimakhudza machende (machende)`, pituitary gland`(pituitary gland)`, kapena hypothalamus`(hypothalamus)`. Izi zitha kukhala zobadwa nazo (zomwe zilipo kuyambira kubadwa, monga Klinefelter syndrome`(Klinefelter syndrome)` kapena Kallmann syndrome`(Kallmann syndrome)`) kapena zomwe zimapezeka pambuyo pake chifukwa cha kuvulala, matenda, kapena matenda ena (omwe apezeka).
Kuchepa kwa mahomoni m'thupi la amuna (hypogonadism) kumachitika chifukwa cha ukalamba ndi matenda okhudzana ndi ukalamba, makamaka kunenepa kwambiri (kunenepa kwambiri) ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 (matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2). Matendawa amakhudza pafupifupi 2% ya amuna azaka zopitirira 40.
Zizindikiro za testosterone yotsika zimadalira kwambiri nthawi yomwe kusowa kwa testosterone kumayambira.
Testosterone Yochepa Pakukula kwa Mwana Wamng'ono
Kusowa kwa testosterone `(kuchepa kwa testosterone)` panthawi ya kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo kungalepheretse makhalidwe achibadwa a mwamuna kupanga bwino. Chitsanzo chachikulu cha izi ndi Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome `(Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome - AIS)`, yomwe imachitika pamene mwana wosabadwayo wamwamuna sangathe kuyankha androgens `(androgens)` (mahomoni ogonana amwamuna).
`(AIS)` imatchulidwa kuti ndi vuto la kukula kwa kugonana `(matenda osiyanitsa kugonana)`. Imakhudza kukula kwa kugonana m'mimba komanso panthawi ya kutha msinkhu. Chifukwa chake, ziwalo zoberekera zachimuna sizingakule mokwanira, ndipo anthu nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi kusabereka `(kusabereka)` akakula.
Testosterone Yochepa Pa Unyamata
Ngati mnyamata akukumana ndi vuto la testosterone `(kusowa kwa testosterone)` pa nthawi ya kutha msinkhu, izi zitha kuchedwetsa kapena kusokoneza kukula kwa mwana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti:
- Kukula pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale kuti manja ndi miyendo zimatha kukula motalika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi thunthu.
- Tsitsi lochepa kapena losakhalapo m'mimba ndi m'thupi.
- Kukula kochepa kwa mbolo `(mbolo)` ndi machende `(machende)`.
- Kulephera kwa mawu kuzama.
- Kuchepa kwa mphamvu zakuthupi ndi mphamvu poyerekeza ndi anzawo.
Testosterone Yotsika mwa Amuna Achikulire
Ngakhale kuchepa pang'onopang'ono kwa testosterone (Testosterone) ndi gawo lachilengedwe la ukalamba, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ukalamba kumatha kubweretsa zizindikiro zodziwika bwino, kuphatikizapo:
- Kuchepa kwa minofu kosayembekezereka komanso kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta m'thupi.
- Kutaya tsitsi la thupi ndi la nkhope.
- Kukhumudwa `(Kukhumudwa)` kapena kukwiya.
- Kulephera kwa Erectile `(Kulephera kwa Erectile)`.
- Chilakolako chochepa cha kugonana `(Chilakolako chochepa cha kugonana)`.
- Mafupa owonda kapena ofooka, otchedwa osteoporosis `(Osteoporosis)`.
- Kuvuta kuganizira kapena kusintha kukumbukira.
Kodi Muyenera Kuonana ndi Dokotala Liti Ponena za Miyezo Yanu ya Testosterone?
Ngati mwazindikira zizindikiro zilizonse za testosterone (Testosterone) yokwera kapena yotsika mwa inu nokha, ndi bwino kuti mulankhule ndi dokotala wanu . Akhoza kuchita mayeso oyenera ozindikira matenda kapena kukutumizani kwa katswiri (katswiri)`, monga endocrinologist, kuti akuthandizeni kupeza mayankho.
Testosterone ndi yofunika kwambiri pa thanzi lanu lonse komanso thanzi lanu lobereka. Ngakhale kuti ndi zachibadwa kuti kuchuluka kwa mahomoni anu kusinthasintha ndi ukalamba, kusalinganika kosalekeza kungayambitse zizindikiro zosasangalatsa ndikukhudza moyo wanu. Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri omwe angathandize kubwezeretsa thanzi lanu.
Mfundo Zazikulu: Zimene Muyenera Kuzikumbukira
Tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule mfundo zofunika kwambiri zokhudza testosterone zomwe muyenera kukumbukira:
- Testosterone `(Testosterone)` ndi homoni yofunika kwambiri kwa amuna ndi akazi. Komabe, imapezeka m'magawo apamwamba kwambiri mwa amuna ndipo ndi yofunika kwambiri pa mawonekedwe a thupi la amuna.
- Ndi steroid `(steroid)` yomwe imapezeka mwachilengedwe m'thupi lanu. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika ma anabolic steroids opangidwa kuti akonze magwiridwe antchito ndi koopsa ndipo kuli ndi zoopsa zazikulu paumoyo.
- Kuchuluka kwa testosterone m'thupi komanso kuchepa kwake kungayambitse mavuto azaumoyo. Kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli mothandizidwa ndi dokotala ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera.
- Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto la kusalinganika kwa mahomoni kapena mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zachilendo, musazengereze kapena kuchita manyazi kulankhula ndi katswiri wa zaumoyo. Dokotala wanu alipo kuti akuthandizeni, ndipo kufunafuna malangizo a zachipatala ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yomwe mungachite.
Kumbukirani, kuika thanzi lanu patsogolo ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu. Musazengereze kulankhula ndi katswiri wa zaumoyo mukakhala ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudza thupi lanu.
Ma tag: Testosterone, Mahomoni, Thanzi la Amuna, Thanzi la Akazi, Ukalamba, Mahomoni Ogonana, Hypogonadism
