Tiyeni tidziwe bwino malo olumikizirana mapewa anu.

Moni! Muli bwanji? Lero tikambirana za gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi vuto m'thupi lathu. Imeneyo ndi phewa . Mukadzuka m'mawa ndikugwedeza mkono wanu, kunyamula zolemera, kapena kusewera cricket, phewa ili limathandiza pa zonsezi. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe chili, momwe chimagwirira ntchito, komanso matenda omwe chingayambitse.

Kodi cholumikizira cha phewa ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, cholumikizira ndi malo omwe malekezero a mafupa awiri amakumana kuti alole kuyenda. Phewa lanu limapangidwa ndi zilumikizano ziwiri zazikulu. Zilumikizanozi zimalumikiza mafupa atatu omwe ali paphewa lanu. Kulumikizana kumeneku kumalimbikitsidwanso ndi minofu yofewa, monga minofu, minyewa, mitsempha, ndi cartilage.

Mafupa atatu akuluakulu omwe ali m'mapewa anu ndi awa:

• Fupa la phewa `(Scapula)`
• Clavicle - Anthu ena amatchanso izi kuti fupa la kolala.
• Humerus - Iyi ndi fupa lalitali lomwe lili pamwamba pa mkono wanu.

Mafupa atatuwa amalumikizana ndipo amayendayenda pamodzi pa phewa, ndichifukwa chake timatha kutembenuza manja athu mbali iliyonse, kupinda zigongono zathu, ndikugwira ntchito ndi manja athu. Tangoganizani, kapangidwe kodabwitsa ka phewa ili kamatithandiza kuzunguliza manja athu poponya mpira.

Kodi ziwalo ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zili m'phewa ndi ziti?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone ziwalo ziwiri zazikulu izi m'mapewa. Zonsezi ndizofunikira kwambiri.

• Choyamba ndi `Acromioclavicular joint` . Ngakhale dzinalo lingamveke lalitali pang'ono, kwenikweni limalumikiza pamwamba pa tsamba la phewa lanu (lotchedwa `acromion`) ndi khosi lanu (`Clavicle`). Ichi ndi cholumikizira chomwe chikutuluka pang'ono kuchokera pamwamba pa phewa lanu.

• Chachiwiri ndi `Glenohumeral joint` . Ichi kwenikweni ndi cholumikizira chachikulu chomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza tikamanena kuti `phewa joint`. Apa ndi pomwe gawo looneka ngati mpira la fupa lanu lapamwamba la mkono `(Humerus)` limalowa mu gawo longa chikho la fupa lanu la phewa `(Scapula)` (lotchedwa `glenoid cavity`). Apa ndi pomwe kuyenda kwakukulu kwa mkono kumachitika.

Kodi cholumikizira cha phewa ndi mtundu wanji?

Cholumikizira cha phewa, makamaka cholumikizira cha glenohumeral, ndi cholumikizira cha mpira ndi soketi . Chimatchedwanso cholumikizira cha spheroidal. Tangoganizani kuti mapeto ozungulira a fupa limodzi amalowa m'malo ofanana ndi chikho m'fupa linalo.

Mungayesere izi. Gwirani dzanja lanu lamanja mu nkhonya yanu ndikuyiyika mu dzanja lanu lamanzere. Tsopano pindani dzanja lanu lamanzere mozungulira nkhonya yamanja. Pamene mukugwira nkhonya yanu yamanja mu dzanja lanu lamanzere, sunthani dzanja lanu lamanja mmwamba ndi pansi, mbali imodzi kupita mbali ina, ndi kuzungulira. Ndi mtundu wa mayendedwe omwe mumapeza kuchokera ku "cholumikizira mpira ndi soketi".

Chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito pamodzi kwa ziwalo ziwirizi m'mapewa ndi momwe tsamba la phewa limayendera mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo pamwamba pa nthiti, phewa limatha kuyenda mosiyanasiyana kuposa chiwalo china chilichonse m'thupi lathu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti tikhoza kusuntha mkono wathu patsogolo, kumbuyo, mmwamba, m'mbali, mozungulira, komanso mbali iliyonse.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pa phewa?

Kotero, chinthu chachikulu chomwe phewa limachita ndikukulolani kusuntha mkono wanu. Mwa kulumikiza mafupa atatuwa, zimakulolani kuchita mayendedwe osiyanasiyana. Taganizirani izi, mukafikira china chake pashelufu, mukaponya mpira, mukavala zovala, mukapesa tsitsi lanu, mukalemba, mukadya ... zonsezi ndizotheka popanda phewa. Zili ngati 'control panel' ya mkono wathu.

Kodi cholumikizira cha phewa chimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mafupa a phewa si mafupa okha. Ali ndi ziwalo zina zomwe zimawathandiza kuyenda bwino. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Minofu ndi Mafupa: Izi ndi zinthu zonga chingwe, koma zolimba, komanso zosinthasintha. Minofu imagwira mafupa pamodzi mwamphamvu, kuti cholumikiziracho chisasunthe. Minofu imagwirizanitsa minofu ndi mafupa. Tikafuna kusuntha mkono wathu, minofu imachepa, zomwe zimasamutsa mphamvu kupita ku fupa kudzera mu mtsempha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti fupa lisunthe.
• Chipolopolo: Ichi ndi minofu yosinthasintha, yooneka ngati mphira. Pamalo omwe mafupa amakumana pa cholumikizira, pali gawo la chipolopolochi. Izi zimathandiza mafupa kuyendayenda bwino (chipolopolo cha articular), zimakhazikitsa mayendedwe (monga labrum mu glenohumeral joint), ndipo, monga pansi pa nsapato yanu, zimayamwa kugwedezeka komwe kumakhudzana ndi cholumikizira. Popanda izi, mafupawo amakakamirana ndikutha.
• Minofu: Pakati pa tsamba la phewa lanu ndi fupa la mkono pali minofu yapadera yotchedwa rotator cuff . Iyi ndi minofu inayi. Minofu imeneyi imagwira cholumikiziracho mwamphamvu, kuthandiza kuchilimbitsa, kuchichirikiza, komanso kuthandiza kukweza ndi kuzungulira mkono.
• Bursa: Bursa imathandiza minofu yanu, mitsempha, ndi minyewa kuyenda bwino popanda kukandana. Ili ngati thumba laling'ono lodzaza ndi madzi. Limagwira ntchito ngati khushoni mkati mwa cholumikizira, makamaka pakati pa fupa ndi minyewa.
• Kakhungu ka synovial: Kakhungu aka kamazungulira cholumikiziracho ndipo kamatulutsa madzi omata (synovial fluid). Izi zimapangitsa kuti cholumikiziracho chikhale chofewa ndipo zimapangitsa kuti kuyenda kukhale kosavuta, monga mafuta mumakina. Zimapatsanso chakudya ku kanyama kamene kali mkati mwa cholumikiziracho.

Kodi malo olumikizira mapewa ali kuti?

Cholumikizira cha phewa chili pamwamba pa mkono wanu, pomwe mkono wanu umalumikizana ndi thupi lanu. Tili ndi zolumikizira ziwiri za phewa mbali iliyonse ya thupi lathu, chimodzi ku dzanja lamanja ndi china ku dzanja lamanzere.

Chomwe chatchulidwa kale ``(Acromioclavicular joint)`` chimagwirizanitsa fupa lanu la m'khosi ndi tsamba lanu la phewa. Pansi pake pali ``(Glenohumeral joint)``. Chimagwirizanitsa fupa lanu la mkono ndi tsamba lanu la phewa.

Kodi cholumikizira cha phewa chimawoneka bwanji?

Pali ziwalo ziwiri paphewa panu. Chilichonse chimawoneka chosiyana pang'ono.

• Cholumikizira cha Acromioclavicular:Izi zimagwirizanitsa tsamba la phewa ndi clavicle. Zikuoneka ngati mapensulo awiri olumikizidwa, limodzi kumbuyo kwa linzake, ndi mpata wawung'ono pakati pawo. Cholumikizira ichi ndi chaching'ono.
• Cholumikizira cha glenohumeral: Apa ndi pomwe fupa la mkono wapamwamba (fupa la mkono) limalumikizana ndi fupa la phewa. Fupa la phewa lili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi chikho (lotchedwa glenoid cavity). Fupa la mkono wanu wapamwamba ndi lalitali, lokhala ndi mbali yozungulira pamwamba (yotchedwa mutu wa humeral). Gawo lozungulira limenelo limalowa mu mawonekedwe ofanana ndi chikho a fupa la phewa, ndikupanga cholumikizira. 'Mpira ndi soketi' uwu ndi zomwe zimalola mkono wanu kuzungulira mbali zonse.

Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza phewa?

Popeza timagwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zathu za mapewa pafupipafupi, zimakhala zosavuta kuvulala komanso kusweka. Nazi zina mwa matenda omwe amakhudza phewa:

• Kuphwanyika kwa mafupa: Mitsempha ya mafupa pa phewa imatambasulidwa kapena kung'ambika. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kugwa mwadzidzidzi kapena kupindika kwa mkono.
• Phewa losweka: Mutu wa mkono wa fupa la mkono umatuluka m'chibowo cha glenoid. Izi zimapweteka kwambiri.
• Nyamakazi: Kupweteka ndi kutupa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusweka kwa cartilage pamene tikukalamba (Osteoarthritis) kapena matenda ena (Rheumatoid Arthritis).
• Bursitis: Kutupa kwa thumba lodzaza madzi (bursa) mkati mwa malo olumikizirana mafupa. Izi zitha kuchitika mukapitiriza kuchita zomwezo.
• Matenda a Tendinitis: Kutupa kwa minofu ya m'mapewa. Matenda a Rotator cuff tendinitis ndi matenda ofala kwambiri.
• Kusweka kwa phewa: Kusweka kwa fupa limodzi la phewa (clavicle, humerus, kapena fupa lapamwamba la mkono) lomwe limalumikizana ndi malo olumikizirana. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha zinthu monga kugwa.

Kodi zizindikiro za mavuto a mafupa a phewa ndi ziti?

Ngati muli ndi vuto ndi phewa lanu, mukhoza kuona zizindikiro monga izi:

• Ululu: Ichi ndiye chinthu chachikulu. Ululu ukhoza kuchitika mukasuntha phewa lanu, mukugona, kapena ngakhale mutangoyimirira.
• Kutupa: Phewa likhoza kuoneka lotupa.
• Kuuma kwa minofu, kuuma: Kungakhale kovuta kukweza kapena kuzungulira mkono.
• Kusintha mtundu wa khungu kapena mabala: Ngati panali kuvulala.
• Kusuntha pang'ono, kupweteka mukasuntha mkono, kapena kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito mkono mwachizolowezi. Mwachitsanzo, zingakhale zovuta kupesa tsitsi lanu kapena kutsuka mano anu.
• Nthawi zina mungamve phokoso la "kudina" kapena kumva kulimba mukasuntha phewa lanu.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala.

Kodi mungayang'ane bwanji thanzi la mafupa a mapewa?

Dokotala adzayang'ana phewa lanu, adzakufunsani momwe ululu ulili, komanso mitundu ya mayendedwe omwe ndi ovuta. Kenako, ngati akufuna kuyang'anitsitsa malo olumikizirana mapewa, angakufunseni kuti akayesedwe.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mayeso ojambula zithunzi ndi:

• X-ray: Izi zitha kuwona momwe mafupa alili komanso ngati pali kusweka kulikonse.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyang'ana momwe minofu yofewa ilili, monga tendon, ligaments, cartilage, ndi minofu. Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri poyang'ana zinthu monga rotator cuff rain.
• Nthawi zina mayeso a ultrasound angachitikenso.

Izi zingathandize dokotala kumvetsetsa bwino mafupa, minofu, minyewa, ndi mitsempha ya mafupa yomwe ili m'malo olumikizirana mafupa anu.

Kodi mankhwala a matenda a m'mapewa ndi otani?

Njira zochiritsira zingasiyane malinga ndi chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa phewa lanu kapena vuto lanu. Palibe chithandizo chimodzi choyenera onse. Mwachidule, nazi njira zochiritsira zodziwika bwino:

• Kuvala sling mpaka kuvulalako kuchira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti cholumikizira chikhale chopumula.
• Opaleshoni ndi njira yokonzanso ziwalo za phewa (monga mitsempha, minyewa, ndi cartilage). Nthawi zina opaleshoni ya keyhole, monga arthroscopy, ingathenso kuchitika.
• Kuchiza thupi kuti muwongolere kuyenda, kulimbitsa mphamvu, komanso kuchepetsa ululu ndikofunikira kwambiri.
• Kumwa mankhwala (monga mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, `NSAIDs`) kuti muchepetse kutupa (kutupa) kapena ululu. Mungathenso kupatsidwa jakisoni m'malo olumikizirana mafupa.
• Pumulani ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito dzanja lanu mpaka chiwalocho chitachira bwino, makamaka kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ululu.
• Kupaka ayezi kapena kutentha (monga momwe dokotala wanenera).

Chofunika: Dokotala adzakuuzani chithandizo chomwe chikugwirizana ndi matenda anu. Chifukwa chake, ndi bwino kufunsa upangiri kwa dokotala musanachite chilichonse chomwe mukufuna kuchita.

Kodi mungatani kuti mafupa a mapewa akhale athanzi?

"Kupewa ndi bwino kuposa kuchiza." Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi bwino kupewa matenda asanayambe kusiyana ndi kuchiza matendawo akangoyamba. Chifukwa chake, mutha kusunga mafupa anu a mapewa kukhala athanzi pochita izi:

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi . Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi michere yambiri yomwe imathandiza mafupa, monga calcium ndi vitamini D.
• Dziziritsani thupi bwino musanayambe komanso mutatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndipo tambasulani minofu yogwirizana ndi mapewa.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi opepuka monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amalimbitsa minofu ya mapewa ndi ofunikira.
• Mukasewera masewera olimbitsa thupi, kunyamula zolemeraKhalani ndi kaimidwe koyenera, valani zida zodzitetezera (ngati kuli kofunikira) ndipo tetezani thupi lanu ku kuvulala.
• Ngati mukugwira ntchito mofanana nthawi zonse, pumulani nthawi ndi nthawi ndikusintha maudindo.
• Pewani kusuta fodya. Kusuta fodya n'koipa pa thanzi la mafupa.

Kumbukirani izi mwachidule.

Cholumikizira cha phewa lanu ndiye gawo losinthasintha kwambiri la thupi lanu, zomwe zimapangitsa manja anu kuyenda mosiyanasiyana. Popanda cholumikizira ichi, luso lanu logwiritsa ntchito manja anu lingakhale lochepa kwambiri. Cholumikizira cha phewa chabwino ndi chofunikira pa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso masewera.

Choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mafupa anu a mapewa akhale athanzi mwa kudya zakudya zoyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, komanso kutentha thupi. Ngati mukumva kupweteka kulikonse, kutupa, kapena kuvutika kuyenda, musanyalanyaze ndipo funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Mwanjira imeneyi, ngati pali vuto, lingathetsedwe lisanakhale vuto lalikulu.

` Cholumikizira cha phewa, phewa, matenda a cholumikizira, mafupa, kupweteka kwa phewa, thanzi la thupi, upangiri wachipatala