Chiwopsezo cha khansa yobadwa nayo: Zimene muyenera kudziwa zokhudza Li-Fraumeni Syndrome

Kodi mudamvapo za mbiri ya banja la khansa? Kapena wachinyamata amene akudwala khansa yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhudza okalamba? Nthawi zina pangakhale chifukwa chomwe zinthuzi zimachitikira chomwe sitikudziwa. Ndicho chimene tikambirane lero, matenda osowa kwambiri omwe amapezeka m'mabanja ndipo amawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha khansa. Amatchedwa Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.

Mwachidule, kodi Li-Fraumeni Syndrome ndi chiyani?

Imeneyi ndi matenda osowa kwambiri a majini. Amayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini m'thupi lathu. Kusintha kwa majini kumeneku kumawonjezera kwambiri mwayi kapena chiopsezo choti inu ndi banja lanu mukhale ndi khansa ya mtundu umodzi kapena ingapo.

Taganizirani izi: Munthu amene ali ndi vutoli amakhala ndi mwayi wa 90% wokhala ndi khansa akafika zaka 60. Ndipo, pafupifupi theka la anthuwa amakhala ndi khansa asanakwanitse zaka 40. Makamaka, akazi omwe ali ndi Li-Fraumeni Syndrome ali ndi mwayi wa pafupifupi 100% wokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere m'moyo wawo wonse.

Izi zingamveke zoopsa pang'ono. Koma chofunika ndichakuti ngakhale sitingathe kupewa vutoli, mwa kupita kuchipatala msanga komanso nthawi zonse kukayezetsa khansa ndikupeza chithandizo chofunikira , tingachepetse kwambiri momwe limakhudzira miyoyo yathu.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Matenda a Li-Fraumeni ndi matenda osowa kwambiri. Ofufuza apeza mabanja pafupifupi 1,000 padziko lonse lapansi omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini kumeneku. Choncho palibe chifukwa choopera popanda chifukwa.

Kodi zizindikiro za Li-Fraumeni Syndrome ndi ziti?

Chinthu chapadera apa ndichakuti palibe zizindikiro zenizeni zokhudzana ndi vuto lotchedwa Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, munthu amene ali ndi vutoli saona kusintha kulikonse kunja.

Ndiye mumazindikira bwanji izi? Chizindikiro chachikulu cha vutoli ndi kupezeka kwa mitundu ina ya khansa ali aang'ono . Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zomwe mumakumana nazo zimadalira mtundu wa khansa yomwe muli nayo. Mwachitsanzo, khansa ya muubongo idzawonetsa zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi zimenezo, ndipo khansa ya m'mawere idzawonetsa zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi zimenezo.

Ndi mitundu iti ya khansa yomwe imagwirizana kwambiri ndi vutoli?

Mitundu yoposa khumi ya khansa yagwirizanitsidwa ndi Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. Khansa zina ndizofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli kotero kuti zimatchedwa "makansa apakati." Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

N’chifukwa chiyani vutoli limachitika?

Kuti timvetse chifukwa chake izi zili choncho, tiyenera kudziwa za kamtete kamene kali m'thupi mwathu. Tili ndi jini yotchedwa TP53 . Ili ngati "mngelo woteteza" m'thupi mwathu. Ntchito yaikulu ya jini iyi ndikuletsa maselo m'thupi mwathu kuti asakule modabwitsa komanso mosalamulirika n'kukhala zotupa.

Puloteni yopangidwa ndi jini iyi ya TP53 imatchedwa puloteni ya P53. Ichi ndi chomwe chimagwira ntchito yoteteza.

Tsopano, chomwe chimachitikira munthu amene ali ndi Li-Fraumeni Syndrome n’chakuti pali kusintha, kapena kusintha kwa majini oteteza otchedwa TP53 . Chomwe chimachitika n’chakuti majiniwo sangathe kupanga puloteni ya P53 yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino. Majini otetezawa akatayika, maselo amayamba kugawikana mosalamulirika. Ndicho chimene chimasanduka khansa.

Kawirikawiri, mwana amalandira jini lolakwika la TP53 kuchokera kwa makolo ake. Izi zimatchedwa Autosomal Dominant Pattern . Mwachidule, ngakhale kholo limodzi lokha lilandira jini lolakwikali, kaya ndi mayi kapena bambo, mwanayo akhozabe kukhala ndi vutoli ndipo ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa .

Komabe, nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa majini kumeneku kungachitike m'thupi la munthu popanda aliyense m'banjamo kukhala ndi vutoli. Izi zimatchedwa De Novo Mutation.

Kodi vutoli limapezedwa bwanji?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso a majini kuti adziwe vutoli. Koma asanachite izi, adzayang'ana bwino mbiri yanu ndi ya banja lanu. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe dokotala angakayikire kuti muli ndi Li-Fraumeni Syndrome:

• Ngati mwapezeka ndi khansa ya sarcoma musanakwanitse zaka 45.
• Ngati m'modzi mwa achibale anu oyamba (makolo, abale, ana) adapezeka ndi khansa asanakwanitse zaka 45.
• Ngati wachibale wanu wa digiri yachiwiri (agogo, azakhali, amalume, adzukulu, ndi adzukulu) adapezeka ndi khansa asanakwanitse zaka 45.

Ngati chimodzi mwa zinthuzi zakwaniritsidwa, dokotala angakutumizireni kuti mukayesedwe majini.

Ngati mwapezeka ndi vutoli, chinthu china chofunika kwambiri ndikutsatira ndondomeko yoyezera khansa. Mukapita kwa dokotala nthawi zonse ndikuyesedwa, khansa iliyonse yomwe yayamba imatha kuzindikirika ndikuchiritsidwa msanga .

Kodi chimachiritsidwa bwanji?

Palibe chithandizo chapadera cha matenda a majini a Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. Madokotala amachiritsa khansa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matendawa. Mankhwalawa ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi omwe amaperekedwa kwa munthu wopanda vutoli. Izi zikuphatikizapo opaleshoni ndi chemotherapy.

Koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu apa.

Kodi muyenera kuyembekezera chiyani mukakhala ndi vutoli?

Kudziwa kuti muli ndi matenda a Li-Fraumeni Syndrome kumatanthauza kuti inu ndi banja lanu muyenera kugwira ntchito yowunikira khansa nthawi zonse. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuwunika khansa nthawi zonse kumawonjezera mwayi wopulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu awa .

Ndondomeko za mayeso awa ndi zosiyana kwa ana ndi akuluakulu. Chitsanzo chotsatirachi ndi ichi. Dokotala wanu adzapanga ndondomeko yoyenera kwa inu.

Kodi vutoli silingathe kupewedwa?

Palibe njira yopewera matenda a majini otchedwa Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. Ndi chinthu chomwe chimabwera ndi majini athu. Koma mutha kupewa zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha khansa.

• Pewani kusuta fodya kotheratu.
• Pewani kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso .
• Mukapita padzuwa, musakhale panja kwa nthawi yayitali popanda chitetezo monga mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa .

Azimayi ena amachotsedwa mabere onse awiri opaleshoni khansa isanayambe kuti achepetse chiopsezo chawo cha khansa ya m'mawere. Izi zimatchedwa prophylactic mastectomy .

Ngakhale mutatsatira njira zonsezi zodzitetezera, munthu amene ali ndi vutoli akhoza kudwala khansa. Ndicho chifukwa chake chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuchita ndikupita kukayezetsa nthawi zonse ndikupeza khansa msanga ngati itachitika.

Kodi mumasamalira bwanji inuyo ndi banja lanu?

Kukhala ndi vuto ngati limeneli kwa moyo wonse kungakhale kovuta mwakuthupi komanso m'maganizo.

1. Musaphonye kuyezetsa khansa: Tsatirani ndondomeko yanu yoyezetsa khansa yomwe mwalimbikitsa.

2. Kukonza banja: Ngati mukukonzekera kukhala ndi ana, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi mlangizi wa majini. Muyenera kumvetsetsa chiopsezo chopatsira mwana jini lolakwikali.

3. Thanzi la maganizo: Musanyamule katundu uyu nokha. Funsani thandizo kwa mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo yemwe ali ndi luso logwira ntchito ndi odwala khansa kapena omwe ali ndi matenda osatha. Funsani dokotala wanu za magulu othandizira ngati awa.