Kodi 'kuchuluka kwa zinthu' kumeneku n'chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta!

Kodi munamvapo mawu oti 'extravasation'? Mwina munamvapo kuchokera kwa dokotala wanu, kapena mwina munamvapo pamene mukufufuza za mankhwala a khansa . Ngakhale kuti kwenikweni ndi mawu azachipatala, ali ndi matanthauzo awiri. Choyamba ndi chakuti ndi njira yachilengedwe yomwe imachitika m'thupi lathu. Chinanso ndi chakuti ndi vuto laling'ono lomwe nthawi zina limatha kuchitika tikamapereka mankhwala, makamaka panthawi ya chithandizo cha khansa (chemotherapy). Tikambirana zonsezi lero, mwachidule, kuti mumvetse.

Kodi njira yotchedwa 'extravasation' ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, 'extravasation' ndi njira imene maselo m'thupi lathu amatuluka m'mitsempha yamagazi (kumene magazi amatuluka) ndi kulowa m'minofu yozungulira. Limapangidwa ndi mawu awiri a Chilatini. 'extra' amatanthauza "kunja" ndipo 'vas' amatanthauza "chombo." Choncho amatanthauza china chake chonga "kutuluka m'chombo."

Taganizirani izi motere. Mukapeza bala laling'ono, kapena kachilombo kamene kamalowa m'thupi lanu, chinthu choyamba chomwe chimakupulumutsani ndi maselo anu oyera amagazi. Ali ngati apolisi m'thupi lanu. Maselo oyera awa amagazi amayenda m'mitsempha yanu yamagazi, kulumpha kuchokera m'mitsempha imeneyo, ndikupita ku bala kapena kachilomboka. Timatcha njira iyi yodumphira 'extravasation.' Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chitetezo cha thupi lanu .

Komanso, mwatsoka, njira yomweyi ya 'extravasation' imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maselo a khansa kufalikira m'thupi lonse, kutanthauza kuti, kusuntha kuchokera pamalo amodzi kupita kwina (komwe timatchanso kuti 'metastasis').

Kodi maselo a khansa amachita bwanji izi?

Maselo a khansa amayamba kutuluka m'chotupa choyambirira chomwe adachokera. Kenako maselo amenewa amayenda kudzera m'mitsempha yaying'ono kwambiri yamagazi m'thupi lathu, yotchedwa capillaries , kupita m'magazi. Pamene akuyenda, maselo a khansa amenewa amalumikizana ndi minofu yopyapyala yotchedwa endothelium , yomwe imazungulira mitsempha yamagazi.

Poyamba, maselo a khansa awa amayenda motsatira endothelium. Patapita kanthawi, amakhala ogwirizana kwambiri ndi endothelium. (Izi zimathandizidwa ndi maselo athu oyera ena, mtundu wa selo lotchedwa ma platelets . Ofufuza zachipatala akufufuza kwambiri njirayi, chifukwa amaganiza kuti ngati tingathe kuyimitsa, tingachepetse kufalikira kwa khansa.) Pamapeto pake, maselo a khansa awa amathyola makoma a mitsempha yamagazi ndikutuluka kupita ku minofu. Pambuyo pake, maselo a khansa amatha kugona, kufa, kapena kuyamba kupanga zotupa zatsopano pamalo atsopano.

Mwina mukuganiza kuti, "Kodi ndingamve ngati nditakhala ndi 'extravasation' ngati iyi m'thupi langa?" Maselo oyera amagazi akamalimbana ndi matenda, mungamve ngati kutupa ndi kufiira. Koma ndi 'extravasation', yomwe imachitika khansa ikafalikira , simungaone zizindikiro zazikulu ngati zimenezi poyamba . Ngakhale kuti mayeso azachipatala sasonyeza 'extravasation' mwachindunji, zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi ndi zizindikiro za khansa zitha kufufuzidwa ndi mayeso a magazi.

Matenda otchedwa 'extravasation'

Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane tanthauzo lina la zomwe madokotala amatcha 'extravasation'. Izi zimakhala zoona makamaka pamene odwala khansa apatsidwa mankhwala a chemotherapy kudzera m'mitsempha (IV) , yomwe ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kudzera mu chubu (cannula) kupita mumtsempha.

Mwina mwaona kuti mankhwala ena amaperekedwa mwachindunji mumtsempha. Mu chithandizo cha khansa, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa mwachindunji m'magazi kudzera mu chubu cha IV. Chubu cha IV ichi nthawi zambiri chimalumikizidwa ndi mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu kapena pachikhatho chanu. Kenako mankhwalawa amapopedwa kudzera mu chubu kuchokera mu thumba la pulasitiki kupita m'magazi anu. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kanula, komwe pang'onopang'ono kumalowetsa mankhwalawa m'thupi lanu kwa nthawi yayitali.

Tsopano, pali mankhwala ena oletsa khansa omwe amatchedwa ``vesicants.'' Mawuwa amatanthauza ``omwe amayambitsa vesicants.'' Ngati mankhwala a ``vesicants'' awa atuluka mu mzere wa IV kapena ``cannula,'' akhoza kuwononga minofu yathanzi yozungulira. Ndicho chimene timachitcha kuti ``extravasation'', pamene mankhwalawo atuluka mumtsempha ndikuwononga minofu .

Ngati izi zitachitika, munthu amene akulandira mankhwalawo angamve kutentha ndi kupweteka pamalo omwe analowetsa mtsempha wa mtsempha. Ngati mankhwalawo atuluka kudzera mu kanula, malowo angamve olimba, otupa, komanso ofiira.

Koma apa pali chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kukumbukira . Ngati mukupatsidwa mankhwala a khansa amtundu wa 'vesicant', madokotala ndi anamwino anu amadziwa bwino za izi. Zipatala zili ndi mfundo ndi malangizo omveka bwino oletsa 'kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa'. Amakuyang'anirani mosamala kwambiri akakupatsani mankhwalawo, ndipo ngati awona vuto lililonse, amakonza mwachangu.

Kodi 'kuchuluka kwa mankhwala' kumeneku n'kofala kwambiri pochiza khansa?

Ayi, izi sizofala kwambiri., koma sizingatheke. Kafukufuku wina adapeza kuti pafupifupi 6% ya mankhwala a khansa amakhala ndi 'extravasation' yaying'ono. Ogwira ntchito zachipatala omwe amapereka mankhwala a khansa kudzera mu IV amaphunzitsidwa mwapadera kuti apewe izi ndikuchiza mwachangu ngati zitachitika.

Kodi ili ndi vuto lalikulu?

Inde, nthawi zina izi zingakhale zoopsa . Taganizirani izi, mankhwala amphamvu mokwanira kupha maselo a khansa amathanso kuwononga minofu yathanzi, sichoncho? Chifukwa chake ngati mankhwala atuluka mu IV, angayambitse ululu ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu. Zizindikiro zitha kuwoneka nthawi yomweyo, kapena zitha kuwoneka patatha masiku angapo.

Kodi zizindikiro za 'kuchuluka kwa shuga' ndi ziti?

• Kupweteka mwadzidzidzi komwe kwalowetsedwa IV kapena cannula.
• Kumva kutentha kapena kupweteka .
• Khungu ndi lofiira pamalo amenewo.
• Matuza kapena zizindikiro za pockmarks .
• Kuvulala .
• Kuyera khungu (izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa minofu).

Kodi pali zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuchotsedwa kwa mahomoni m'thupi?

Inde, zinthu zina zingawonjezere chiopsezochi pang'ono. Koma ogwira ntchito zachipatala amadziwa zoopsazi, choncho amachitapo kanthu kuti achepetse chiopsezochi.

• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mitsempha yaying'ono kapena yofooka .
• Kwa iwo omwe mitsempha yawo yamagazi imaphulika mofulumira kuposa masiku onse .
• Kwa anthu omwe mitsempha yawo ya magazi yakhuthala kapena kuuma chifukwa cha chithandizo cha khansa.
• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imayenda mozungulira poyesa kuyika IV.

Kodi 'kuchuluka kwa zinthu' kumeneku kumachiritsidwa bwanji?

Ogwira ntchito zachipatala omwe amapereka mankhwala a khansa amaika patsogolo kwambiri kupewa 'kuchuluka kwa zinthu' kumeneku. Komabe, ngati, mwatsoka, zitachitika, amaphunzitsidwanso kuthetsa mavuto aliwonse omwe angabuke mwachangu. Nazi njira zina zomwe nthawi zambiri amachita:

• Mankhwala kudzera mu IV adzayimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo.
• Momwe mungathere, chotsani mankhwala aliwonse omwe atayika pamalopo.
• IV imachotsedwa ndikutayidwa.
• Mkono wokhudzidwawo uli pamwamba pang'ono (wokwezedwa).
• Pakani kirimu kuti muchepetse zizindikiro.
• Ma compress ozizira amaikidwa. Compress yozizira imachepetsa ululu. Imafinyanso mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimachepetsa kufalikira kwa mankhwala otsala.
• Nthawi zina , compress yofunda imagwiritsidwa ntchito.Ma compress ofunda amawonjezera kuyenda kwa magazi, zomwe zingathandize kuchotsa kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ozungulira malo olumikizirana mafupa. (Dokotala wanu adzasankha ngati compress yofunda kapena yozizira ndi yoyenera.)

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani munthu akachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso?

Zingasiyane malinga ndi vuto lanu. Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzachiza mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa kwa magazi m'thupi. Pambuyo pake, adzayang'anira vuto lanu kuti aone ngati pali vuto lina lililonse latsopano kapena ngati vutolo likuipiraipira.

Nthawi zina, mungapitirize kulandira chithandizo pogwiritsa ntchito njira ina yopatsirana kudzera m'mitsempha. Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyimitse chithandizo kwa masiku angapo mpaka mutachira. Komabe, adzakupatsani malangizo atsatanetsatane a momwe mungadzisamalire nokha kunyumba. Mwachitsanzo:

• Mukamaliza kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, mungapemphedwe kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala ozizira kapena otentha m'manja mwanu kwa tsiku limodzi (pafupifupi mphindi 15-20, kanayi mpaka kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku). Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani momwe mungachitire izi.
• Mungawauze kuti asunge dzanja lokhudzidwalo mmwamba .

Kodi ndidzatha kupitiriza kulandira chithandizo?

Zimatengeranso momwe mulili. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti anthu ambiri amatha kupitiriza kulandira chithandizo . Nthawi zina, IV ikhoza kusinthidwa ndipo chithandizo chingayambe mwamsanga mutangotulutsa. Nthawi zina, chithandizo chingachedwe mpaka zizindikiro za kuchotsa kwathunthu zitatha.

Kodi ndiyenera kudziwitsa dokotala liti?

Ngati zizindikiro za kutopa kwambiri zikupitirira nthawi yayitali kuposa momwe mumayembekezera, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu .

Mwachidule, nazi zinthu zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba):

Tsopano mukudziwa kuti mawu oti 'extravasation' ali ndi matanthauzo awiri. Limodzi ndi njira yachilengedwe yomwe maselo a khansa amagwiritsa ntchito kufalikira m'thupi lonse. Lina ndi vuto lachipatala lomwe lingachitike mankhwala a chemotherapy akatuluka mu IV.

Chofunika kwambiri, vuto ili lotchedwa 'extravasation' si lachilendo pochiza khansa. Ogwira ntchito zachipatala amaphunzitsidwa mwapadera kuti apewe ndikuchiza mwachangu ngati litachitika.

Ngati mukufuna kulandira chithandizo cha chemotherapy cha khansa, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kapena namwino za zomwe mungayembekezere panthawi ya chithandizo komanso zotsatira zake zoyipa. Mwanjira imeneyi, ngati muwona china chake chosiyana, mutha kudziwa ngati ndi chachibadwa kapena china chake chomwe muyenera kunena nthawi yomweyo. Musadandaule, gulu lanu lachipatala lili pano kuti likuthandizeni.

Kutulutsa magazi m'thupi , chithandizo cha khansa, chemotherapy, kutuluka kwa magazi m'mitsempha, kutuluka kwa mankhwala m'mitsempha, kufalikira kwa khansa, kusamuka kwa maselo