Kodi tingathe kuzindikira mavuto a majini mwa mwana m'mimba msanga? Tiyeni tikambirane za (Chorionic Villus Sampling - CVS)!

Ngati ndinu mayi woyembekezera, mwina mumadandaula kwambiri ndi mwana amene ali m'mimba mwanu, sichoncho? Ndizachibadwa kudzifunsa ngati ali ndi thanzi labwino komanso ngati ali ndi mavuto aliwonse. Nthawi ngati zimenezi, mayeso apadera otchedwa ``Chorionic Villus Sampling`` kapena ``CVS`` akupezeka omwe amathandiza kuzindikira matenda ena a majini kapena matenda obadwa nawo mwa mwana. Kodi tikambirane izi mwatsatanetsatane?

Mwachidule, mayeso a `CVS` awa ndi mayeso omwe amachitika msanga kwambiri pa mimba, pakati pa masabata 10 ndi 13. Amaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo chaching'ono kwambiri cha maselo ochokera ku placenta, otchedwa `Chorionic villi`, ndikuwayang'ana. Popeza maselo a `Chorionic villi` awa amapangidwa ndi dzira lopatsidwa umuna, zambiri zawo za majini nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe mwana ali nazo pa majini. Chifukwa chake, maselo awa amatumizidwa ku labotale ndikuwunikidwa kuti awone ngati mwana ali ndi matenda aliwonse a majini. Izi zitha kudziwa ngakhale jenda la mwana.

N’chifukwa chiyani mayeso a CVS awa amachitika? Kodi akulimbikitsidwa kwa ndani?

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa, kodi aliyense ayenera kuchita mayeso a `CVS` awa? Ayi ndithu. Si gawo lofunikira pa chisamaliro chanu cha amayi apakati. Madokotala amangolimbikitsa mayeso awa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zinthu zina zoopsa, kapena ngati mayeso ena osavulaza amayi apakati kapena ma ultrasound scan akuwonetsa zolakwika zilizonse. Komabe, chisankho chochita mayesowa kapena ayi chili ndi inu . Mutha kukambirana zabwino ndi zoyipa za izi ndi dokotala wanu ndikupanga chisankho chanu.

Madokotala angakulimbikitseni kuti muyesedwe ndi CVS m'mayesero otsatirawa:

• Ngati muli ndi mwana wakale yemwe ali ndi vuto la majini.
• Ngati muli ndi zaka 35 kapena kuposerapo mukakhala ndi mwana wanu.
• Ngati scan yapitayi kapena mayeso ena asonyeza kuti mwana ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi vuto la majini.
• Ngati inu, mnzanu, kapena wina aliyense m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a majini (kapena ali ndi mbiri ya matendawo).

Kodi ndi liti pamene kuli bwino kusiya mayeso a CVS?

Komabe, nthawi zina, madokotala angakulangizeni kuti musachite mayesowa. Tiyeni tiwone nthawi yomwe mayesowo adzachitika.

• Ngati mwakhala mukutuluka magazi m'mimba mwanu panthawi ya mimba.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda, mwachitsanzo matenda opatsirana pogonana (STI).

Ndi matenda ati omwe angadziwike ndi CVS?

Kodi ndi chiyani kwenikweni chomwe chingadziwike ndi mayeso a `CVS` awa? Izi zimathandiza kwambiri kuzindikira matenda ena a majini, makamaka mavuto a ma chromosome. Kodi mukudziwa kuti ma chromosome ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi `DNA` ndi kapangidwe ka majini a mwana. Chifukwa chake, mayesowa amatha kuwona ngati pali ma chromosome ambiri, ochepa, kapena ngati pali kusintha kwakukulu mu kapangidwe ka ma chromosome. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ma chromosome kotereku, matenda ena obadwa nawo ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo zimachitika.

Kuti tipereke zitsanzo zingapo:

• Matenda a Down kapena Trisomy 21
• Matenda a cystic fibrosis
• Matenda a sickle cell
• Matenda a Tay-Sachs
• Matenda a Trisomy 18 kapena Edward
• Trisomy 13 kapena Patau Syndrome

Kodi pali zinthu zomwe mayeso a CVS sangathe kuzizindikira?

Inde, chinthu chimodzi choyenera kukumbukira. Mayeso a `CVS` awa sangazindikire zilema zonse zobadwa nazo . Mwachitsanzo, zinthu monga `Neural tube defects (NTDs)`, zomwe ndi mavuto a msana kapena ubongo wa mwana, sizingadziwike ndi mayeso awa. Kodi mudamvapo za `(Spina bifida)`? Zinthu zimenezo ndi zimenezo. Pali mayeso ena ozindikira matenda otere, mwachitsanzo, `(Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) test)` ndi yabwino, ndipo `(Amniocentesis)` ndi yabwino.

Komanso, zolakwika zina m'thupi la mwana, monga matenda a mtima, milomo yosweka, kapena milomo yosweka, sizingadziwike ndi mayeso a `CVS` awa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha kuzindikirika ndi `Ultrasound` scan, yomwe nthawi zambiri imachitika pakati pa masabata 18 ndi 20 a mimba.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mayeso a CVS asanachitike?

Chabwino, tiyerekeze kuti mwasankha kukayezetsa CVS. Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani musanachite zimenezo? Nthawi zambiri mudzatumizidwa kukalandira uphungu wa majini kwa mlangizi wa majini kapena katswiri wa mankhwala a amayi ndi mwana wosabadwa. Mlangiziyu adzakufotokozerani zoopsa ndi ubwino wa mayesowo. Kuphatikiza apo, scan ya ultrasound idzachitika kuti muwone ngati muli ndi pakati pa milungu ingati. Izi zidzakuthandizani kudziwa nthawi yabwino yoyezetsa CVS.

Kodi mayeso a CVS amachitidwa bwanji? Kodi amapweteka?

Funso lomwe anthu ambiri amakhala nalo ndi lakuti kodi mayeso a CVS amapweteka? Sizikupweteka kwenikweni, koma mungamve kusasangalala pang'ono. Pali njira ziwiri zomwe madokotala amachitira mayesowa:

1. Kudzera mu nyini (njira ya Trans-cervical)

Chomwe chimachitika apa ndi chakuti, chipangizo chotchedwa `(Speculum)` chimayikidwa mu nyini yanu. Ndi chipangizo chopyapyala chooneka ngati mlomo wa bakha, mwina munachiwonapo ngati munachitapo `(Pap test)`. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa makoma a nyini pang'ono, ndipo dokotala amaika chubu chopyapyala cha pulasitiki kudzera mu `(Cervix)`. Kenako, motsogozedwa ndi `(Ultrasound)` scan, chubucho chimatumizidwa kumalo komwe `(Placenta)` ili, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo, chitsanzo cha selo la `(Chorionic villi)` chimatengedwa.

2. Kudzera m'mimba (njira ya Trans-abdominal)

Mu njira iyi, motsogozedwa ndi ultrasound scan, dokotala amalowetsa singano yopyapyala kudzera pakhungu la mimba yanu kupita ku placenta ndikutenga chitsanzo cha maselo. Mu njira iyi ya transabdominal, mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu kuti muchepetse ululu.

Njira zonsezi zimatenga mphindi zosakwana 30 kuti mayeso athe.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa mayeso a CVS?

Mukhoza kupita kunyumba nthawi yomweyo mutatha mayeso a CVS. Ndi bwino kupuma kwa maola angapo mutapita kunyumba. Anthu ambiri amatha kuyambiranso kuchita zinthu zachizolowezi tsiku lotsatira. Komabe, dokotala wanu angakupempheni kuti mupewe kuchita zogonana, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kapena kuchita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu .

Kodi ndikufunika kuyesedwa kachiwiri kwa CVS?

Nthawi zina, mayeso achiwiri a CVS angafunike. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati mayeso oyamba sakusonkhanitsa maselo okwanira, mungafunike kuchitanso kachiwiri kuti mupeze chiwerengero chofunikira cha maselo.

Komanso, ngati muli ndi mapasa, ndipo mwana aliyense ali ndi placenta zosiyana, ndiye kuti mungafunike kuyesedwa kawiri kwa CVS kwa mwana aliyense.

Kodi zoopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake za mayeso a CVS ndi ziti?

Mukamaliza kuyezetsa, mungamve kupweteka pang'ono m'mimba mwanu. Kuwona malo m'mimba mwanu ndikwabwinobwino. Ngati mayesowo adachitika m'mimba, mungamve kupweteka pang'ono m'mimba mwanu.

Kuyezetsa kwa CVS nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotetezeka, koma sikuti kulibe zoopsa zina . Ndikofunikira kukambirana zoopsa izi ndi dokotala wanu ndikuzimvetsa. Tiyeni tiwone zoopsazo:

• Kutaya Mimba: Chiwopsezo cha kutaya mimba chifukwa cha mayeso a CVS ndi chochepera 1 pa 100, kapena chochepera 1% . Chiŵerengero chimenecho ndi chochepa kwambiri.
• Matenda: Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi njira ina iliyonse yachipatala, pali mwayi wochepa kwambiri woti munthu atenge matenda.
• Kulephera kwa ziwalo: Nthawi zambiri, makamaka ngati mayeso a CVS achitika milungu 10 isanafike mimba, pali mwayi woti mwana abadwe ndi vuto la ziwalo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuchita izi pa nthawi yake.
• Kutuluka magazi: Ngakhale kuti kutuluka magazi kwina kumakhala kwachibadwa, nthawi zina, pangakhale kutuluka magazi ambiri m'mimba pambuyo pa CVS.
• Kutuluka kwa madzi amniotic:Nthawi zina, madzi ochulukirapo a amniotic (madzi ozungulira mwana) amatha kutuluka, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto panthawi ya mimba.
• Kuzindikira kwa Rh: Izi zimachitika pamene mtundu wa magazi anu uli wopanda Rh ndipo mwana wanu wosabadwayo ali ndi Rh-positive, ndipo mitundu iwiri ya magazi ikasakanikirana. Komabe, pali chithandizo cha izi.

Kodi ubwino wa mayeso a CVS ndi wotani?

Ubwino waukulu wa mayeso a `CVS` awa ndi wakuti mutha kudziwa zotsatira za mayeso a majini kumayambiriro kwa mimba . Kudziwa izi pasadakhale kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga zisankho zaumoyo mwachangu.

Mwachitsanzo, mungathe kukonzekera pasadakhale chisamaliro chilichonse chapadera chomwe mwana wanu angafune akangobadwa. Kapena, chidziwitsochi chingakhale chofunikira posankha ngati mupitirize kutenga mimba kapena ayi.

Ubwino wina wofunikira ndi wakuti mayeso a `CVS` awa ndi olondola pafupifupi 99% . Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kukhulupirira zotsatira za mayesowa.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mupeze zotsatira za mayeso a CVS?

Dokotala amatenga chitsanzo cha `(Chorionic villi)` ndikuchitumiza ku labotale. Akatswiri kumeneko amakula maselowo mumadzimadzi apadera ndikuyesa kwa masiku angapo. Nthawi zambiri mutha kupeza zotsatira zoyambirira mkati mwa masiku ochepa. Komabe, matenda ena amatenga nthawi yayitali kuti ayesere. Zingatenge masiku 10 kapena milungu iwiri kuti zotsatira izi zibwerere. Mlangizi wanu wa majini adzakulankhulani ndi zotsatira zomaliza ndikukambirana nanu za izo. Ngati kuli kofunikira, angakambiranenso za mayeso ena omwe muyenera kuchita.

Kodi mayeso a CVS ndi olondola bwanji?

Monga ndanenera kale, mayeso a CVS ndi olondola pafupifupi 99% . Komabe, mayesowa sangadziwe molondola kuopsa kwa matenda a majini.

Komanso, nthawi zina zotsatira za mayeso zimatha kukhala zogwirizana ndi placenta. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, vuto limapezeka mu placenta yokha ndipo silikhudza mwana m'mimba. Izi zimachitika kokha mu 1% mpaka 2% ya milandu yonse.

Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati zotsatira za mayeso a CVS zili zabwino?

Ngati zotsatira za mayeso a CVS zikusonyeza kuti mwana wanu wosabadwayo ali ndi vuto la majini, mutha kulankhula ndi mlangizi wanu, mnzanu, ndi dokotala wanu kuti musankhe choti muchite kenako. Dokotala wanu kapena mlangizi wa majini angakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la zotsatira za mayeso a CVS. Kenako mutha kupanga zisankho zabwino kwambiri pankhani yopita patsogolo.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala nditamaliza mayeso a CVS?

Ngati mukumva kupweteka m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba, kapena kutuluka magazi komwe sikutha kapena kuwonjezeka mutatha CVS, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Muyeneranso kuuza dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Ngati mukumva ngati madzi amniotic akutuluka (mungamve ngati mukukodza pang'ono).
• Ngati mukumva ngati mukudwala chimfine ndi malungo.
• Ngati muli ndi kupweteka kwa m'mimba komanso kupweteka m'mimba.
• Ngati muli ndi malungo.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa mayeso a CVS ndi mayeso a Amniocentesis ndi kotani?

Funso lina lomwe anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi lakuti kodi kusiyana kwa mayeso a `CVS` ndi mayeso a `(Amniocentesis)` n'kotani. Zonsezi ndi mayeso omwe amayang'ana momwe majini a mwana ali m'mimba alili. Komabe, pali kusiyana kosiyanasiyana pakati pa awiriwa:

• Nthawi: Mayeso awiriwa amachitidwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana panthawi ya mimba. CVS imachitika kumayambiriro kwa mimba (pakati pa masabata 10 ndi 12), kotero mutha kudziwa msanga ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la majini. Amniocentesis imachitika pafupifupi masabata 16 a mimba.
• Matenda omwe angadziwike: Amniocentesis imatha kuzindikira matenda monga matenda a neural tube defects (NTDs) ndi spina bifida. CVS singazindikire matenda amenewa.
• Kuopsa kwa kutaya mimba: Kuopsa kwa kutaya mimba panthawi yoyezetsa magazi ya ``Amniocentesis'' ndi kochepa pang'ono poyerekeza ndi ``CVS''.
• Kusagwirizana kwa Rh: Kusagwirizana kwa Rh kungayesedwe kudzera mu amniocentesis.
• Kutsimikizira: Nthawi zambiri, mayeso a amniocentesis amatha kuchitidwa kuti atsimikizire zotsatira za mayeso a CVS.

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukambirana za zoopsa zomwe muli nazo ndikukulangizani kuti muchite mayeso amodzi, onse awiri, kapena onse awiri.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala okhudza mayeso a CVS?

Ngati muli ndi pakati, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunsa dokotala mafunso monga awa:

• "Kodi ndiyenera kuyezetsa mimba ndili ndi pakati?"
• "Kodi mwana wanga ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi vuto la chromosome kapena vuto lina la majini?"
• "Kodi mayeso a `CVS` kapena `(Amniocentesis)` ndi abwino kwa ine?"
• "Kodi chiopsezo chotaya mimba ndi chiyani ngati nditachita mayeso awa?"
• "Ndi mavuto ati omwe ndiyenera kudziwa pambuyo pa mayeso a `CVS`?"
• "Ndi chiyani kwenikweni chomwe ndingaphunzire kuchokera ku zotsatira za mayeso a `CVS`?"

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Kuyezetsa magazi kwa Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) ndi mayeso omwe amafufuza mavuto enaake a majini mwa mwana wanu. Si mayeso okakamiza . Ngati mwasankha kuchita izi, nthawi zambiri zimachitika pakati pa milungu 10 ndi 13 ya mimba. Kuyezetsaku ndi kotetezeka ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zolondola, koma pali zoopsa zina. Zotsatira za mayeso a CVS zingakuthandizeni kupanga zisankho zofunika paumoyo. Ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi mwana wokhala ndi vuto la majini, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Adzakuthandizani kusankha ngati mayeso a CVS ndi oyenera kwa inu.

Mayeso a CVS , mayeso a mimba, matenda a majini, placenta, zilema zobadwa nazo, (Chorionic Villus Sampling), (Kuzindikira Usana)