Kodi n'kovuta kuchita zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku wekha? Tiyeni tikambirane (Zochita za Moyo wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku - ADLs)

Kodi munayamba mwawonapo amayi anu okondedwa, abambo anu, kapena agogo anu akutenga nthawi kuti adziyike okha? Kapena amaoneka ngati akuiwala pang'ono pophika tiyi? Timaona zinthu zazing'onozi tsiku lililonse. Nthawi zina timaziiwala, n’kumaganiza kuti, "Ndi momwe zimakhalira tikamakalamba." Koma zinthu zosavutazi zimanena zambiri za thanzi lathu, makamaka kuthekera kwathu kukhala patokha. Ndicho chimene timachitcha "Zochita za Moyo wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku (ADLs)" mu zamankhwala.

Mwachidule, kodi zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku izi (ADLs) ndi ziti?

Izi n'zosavuta kwambiri. Ma ADL ndi ntchito zofunika kwambiri zomwe timachita tsiku lililonse kuti tisamale matupi athu ndikukhala athanzi. Taganizirani izi, zinthu zomwe timachita kuyambira nthawi yomwe timadzuka m'mawa mpaka nthawi yomwe timagona usiku. Sitingakhale popanda zinthu monga kudya, kusamba, ndi kupita kuchimbudzi. Izi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri.

Komanso, izi zimawonjezera zovuta pang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, zinthu monga kusamalira ndalama, kubweretsa zakudya kunyumba, kuphika, ndi kuchapa zovala. Popanda izi, zimakhala zovuta kuti tikhale tokha komanso tokha, eti?

Nthawi zina munthu amangofunika thandizo pa ntchito zimenezi kwa kanthawi kochepa. Tangoganizani kuti mwasweka mwendo ndipo mwachitidwa opaleshoni. Kwa kanthawi, mudzakhala ndi vuto losamba kapena kuyenda nokha. Panthawiyo, wina adzafunika thandizo. Koma bala likachira, mudzatha kuchita zinthuzi nokha.

Koma anthu ena amafunika thandizo pa ntchito zimenezi kwa nthawi yayitali, mwina kwa moyo wawo wonse. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti ali ndi vuto losatha. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene ali ndi nyamakazi yoopsa angavutike kutseka zovala kapena kudya chifukwa sangathe kupindika kapena kuwongola miyendo yake bwino. Mofananamo, munthu amene ali ndi vuto losakumbukira bwino (monga matenda a Alzheimer) angayambe kuiwala zinthu monga kuphika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama.

Madokotala amagawa ma ADL awa m'magawo awiri. Tiyeni tiwone padera.

1. Zochita Zoyambira Tsiku ndi Tsiku (Ma ADL Oyambira)

2. Zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida (ADLs kapena IADLs)

Zochita Zoyambira Zatsiku ndi Tsiku (ADLs) - Zofunikira pakukhala ndi moyo

Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zomwe timafunikiradi kuchita kuti tipulumuke, zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi matupi athu. Izi ndi monga zosowa zofunika kwambiri za thupi lathu. Ngati sitingathe kuchita chilichonse mwa izi, chidzakhudza thanzi lathu mwachindunji.

Ganizirani izi motere. Ngati mungathe kuyenda, koma mutataya mphamvu zanu ndikugwa mukuyenda, ndi vuto. Zimatanthauza kuti mungathe, koma simungathe kuchita bwino . Ngati mwagwa pa kapeti kakang'ono kunyumba ndikugwa, kapena ngati mwaterereka ndikugwa m'bafa, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za zinthu zimenezo.

Musazengereze kuganiza kuti, "Umu ndi momwe zinthu zilili mukakula." Ngakhale kusintha pang'ono kungakhale chiyambi cha vuto lalikulu.

Zochita Zothandizira Kukhala Pakhomo (IADLs) - Zinthu zomwe zimakuthandizani kukhala nokha

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone gawo lachiwiri. Timatcha izi kuti 'Zochita Zatsiku ndi Tsiku (IADLs).' Izi sizingakhale zofunikira kwambiri pa moyo monga ntchito zoyambira. Komabe, ngati munthu akufuna kukhala yekha, otetezeka, komanso payekha m'gulu, ayenera kukhala wokhoza kuchita ntchitozi. Izi zimafuna zovuta pang'ono, kukonzekera, ndi kukonza.

Kawirikawiri, chinthu choyamba chimene munthu amazindikira ndi chakuti akufunikira thandizo ndi pamene sangathe kuchita izi. Nthawi zina amazindikira kuti, "O, sindingathenso kukwera basi ndekha," kapena "Ndimaiwala kumwa mankhwala anga nthawi zina." Nthawi zina munthuyo sadziwa, koma banja lake ndi madokotala amatha kuona kusiyana.

Nthawi zambiri, ngakhale munthu amene akuvutika kuchita ma IADL amathabe kuchita ma ADL oyambira omwe tidakambirana kale (monga kusamba ndi kudya) popanda vuto lililonse. Komabe, pakakhala zinthu monga matenda okhudzana ndi kukumbukira, pakapita nthawi, ngakhale ma ADL oyambira amayamba kukhala ovuta kuchita.

Kodi madokotala amafufuza ma ADL awa nthawi ziti?

Iyi si mayeso omwe amachitidwa pa aliyense nthawi zonse, koma amaonedwa makamaka pazochitika zina. Zochitika zoterezi zikuphatikizapo:

• Mukakhala kuchipatala: Ngati mukulandira chithandizo kuchipatala chifukwa cha matenda, anamwino ndi madokotala adzafufuza ngati mungathe kuchita zinthu nokha asanakutumizeni kunyumba.
• Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ngozi, kapena sitiroko: Popeza ntchito ya thupi imachepa pambuyo pa chinthu chonga ichi, luso limeneli nthawi zambiri limafufuzidwa panthawi yochira.
• Pakakhala matenda omwe amachepetsa kukumbukira ndi kugwira ntchito kwa ubongo: Popeza momwe anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga `Alzheimer's disease` ndi `Parkinson's disease` amasintha pakapita nthawi, amawunikidwa nthawi zonse kuti awone ngati angathe kugwira ntchito pawokha.
• Pakakhala mavuto amisala: Matenda ena amisala amatha kuchepetsa chidwi cha munthu komanso luso lake lochita ntchito yake. Iyi ndi nthawi yoti munthu azimvetsera.

Kodi luso limeneli limayesedwa bwanji?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana pa izi.

• Kuyang'anitsitsa mwachindunji: Mumawona mwachindunji munthu akuchita ntchitoyo ndikuwona momwe mungachitire bwino.
• Kufunsa Wosamalira: Ngati muli ndi wosamalira, mufunseni za luso lanu ndipo pezani zambiri.
• Kudzidziwitsa wekha: Nthawi zina mumadzifunsa kuti , "Kodi mungathe kuchita izi nokha? Kodi mavuto ake ndi otani?"

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi, mudzadziwa kuchuluka kwa thandizo lomwe mukufuna. Kutengera izi, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zothandizira: Zinthu monga choyendera poyenda, zida zapadera zodyera, ndi zogwirira za bafa.
• Kusintha zinthu panyumba: Zinthu monga kugwiritsa ntchito mipando yokhala ndi malo opumulira, kuchotsa makapeti oterera, ndi zina zotero.
• Kulemba munthu woti athandize: Kulemba munthu woti athandize pa ntchito zapakhomo kapena ntchito za 'wothandizira pa zaumoyo wapakhomo'.
• Njira zina zogona: Kutengera ndi momwe zinthu zilili, tumizani ku malo ngati malo osungiramo odwala kapena malo osungira okalamba.

Tiyeni tiphunzirenso za mafunso a Katz ADL Scale.

Iyi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi madokotala padziko lonse lapansi. Imatchedwa `Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living` kapena `Katz ADL scale`. Imayesa momwe mungachitire bwino ma ADL 6 oyambira omwe tidakambirana kale nokha.

Izi n'zosavuta kwambiri. Mumapereka mfundo imodzi pa ntchito iliyonse yomwe mungathe kuchita nokha, popanda thandizo. Mumapereka mfundo 0 pa ntchito iliyonse yomwe ikufunika thandizo. Chiwerengero chachikulu ndi 6.

Tiyeni tiwone zomwe ma ADL 6 oyambira amenewo ndi chiyani komanso zomwe muyenera kuchita kuti mupeze chizindikiro.

Dokotalayo adzagwiritsa ntchito sikelo ya Katz ADL, pamodzi ndi mafunso ena monga Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, yomwe imayesa ma IADL, kuti apeze chithunzi chonse cha vuto lanu. Ngati mupeza mafunso otere pa intaneti, musawadzaze ndikupeza mayankho anu nokha. Mutha kutanthauzira molakwika zomwe mwapeza. Chinthu chabwino komanso chotetezeka kuchita ndikulankhula ndi dokotala ndikuchita izi motsogozedwa naye ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mukukumana ndi vuto lamtunduwu.