Anencephaly: Tiyeni tikambirane za izi

Tikudziwa kuti chikhumbo chachikulu cha inu nonse, monga mayi, ndi kubereka mwana wathanzi komanso wokwanira. Koma nthawi zina, mavuto amatha kuchitika omwe sitinaganizirepo. Anencephaly ndi nkhani yovuta kumva. Iyi ndi vuto lobadwa nalo lomwe limachitika pamene ubongo ndi chigaza cha mwana sizikukula bwino. Kupweteka ndi mantha omwe mumamva mukaphunzira za chinthu chonga ichi n'kosaneneka. Koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mumvetse vutoli molondola komanso mosavuta. Lero, tikambirana za vuto ili lotchedwa Anencephaly.

Mwachidule, kodi Anencephaly ndi chiyani?

Anencephaly ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe amachitika munthu akangobadwa. Pa vutoli, ziwalo zina zofunika kwambiri za ubongo ndi chigaza cha mwana sizimakula. Ili ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limakhudza mitsempha ya mwana.

Tangoganizirani, mwezi woyamba wa mimba, ubongo wa mwana, chigaza, msana, ndi msana zimayamba kupangika. Izi zimapangidwa mu kapangidwe kapadera kotchedwa 'neural tube'. Chubu ichi chimayenera kutsekedwa, monga zipi. Pankhani ya anencephaly, gawo lapamwamba la neural tube iyi, komwe ubongo ndi chigaza zimapangidwa, silimatseka bwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake limatchedwanso neural tube defect .

Ubongo umalamulira chilichonse m'miyoyo yathu, umatisunga ndi moyo. Choncho zimakhala zovuta kuti mwana akhale ndi moyo popanda ziwalo zazikulu za ubongo. Chifukwa chake, ana obadwa ndi matenda a ubongo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi moyo kwa mphindi zochepa, maola kapena masiku ochepa. Nthawi zambiri, mimba yotereyi imatha ndi kutaya mimba kapena kubereka mwana atafa.

Kodi pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya matenda a anaencephaly?

Inde, pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya matenda a anaencephaly. Mitundu yonse itatu imakhudza kwambiri moyo wa mwana.

Kodi zizindikiro zomwe zingathandize kuzindikira vutoli ndi ziti?

Vutoli limatha kuzindikirika msanga kudzera mu mayeso panthawi ya mimba. Madokotala akulabadira izi.

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Kuchuluka kwa puloteni m'magazi mwa mayi wotchedwa alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri. Iyi ndi mayeso omwe nthawi zambiri amachitika mu trimester yachiwiri ya mimba.
• Kujambula: Kuchuluka kwa madzi amniotic ozungulira mwana kungakhale kokwera kwambiri. Izi zimatchedwa polyhydramnios . Komanso, kujambula kwa ultrasound kungasonyeze bwino kuti mbali zina za chigaza ndi ubongo wa mwana sizikupezeka.
• Maonekedwe a mwana: Pakubadwa, mungazindikire kuti ziwalo zina za chigaza cha mwana sizikupezeka, minofu ya ubongo imaonekera, ndipo mutu wake ndi wocheperapo kuposa momwe amayembekezera.

Kodi mwana wakhanda amamva bwanji?

Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chimapweteka kwambiri kwa mayi kapena bambo. Kwa makanda obadwa ndi vutoli:

• Palibe chidziwitso.
• Palibe masomphenya.
• Palibe kumva.
• Sindikumva ululu.

Nthawi zina, makanda omwe ubongo wawo uli ndi kukula pang'ono amatha kusonyeza mphamvu zina akakhudzidwa. Zinthu monga kupuma, kusuntha miyendo yawo. Mukawona zinthuzi, mungaganize kuti mwana akutimva. Koma si chinthu chomwe chimachitika mwadala. Ndi chinthu chomwe chimachitika chokha. Chifukwa chakuti ziwalo zazikulu za ubongo sizilipo, mwana samva kapena kumvetsetsa chilichonse.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a anencephaly komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa?

Sizotheka kunena chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a anencephaly, koma pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingayambitse matendawa.

Kodi vutoli limatsimikizika bwanji panthawi ya mimba?

Mukapita ku chipatala muli ndi pakati, madokotala adzachita mayeso angapo kuti azindikire zilema zobadwa nazo. Mayesowa ndi othandiza kwambiri pozindikira matenda a anencephaly.

• Choyezera cha Quad Marker: Ichi ndi mayeso omwe amachitidwa pa magazi a mayi. Amafufuza zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa AFP kuti adziwe zolakwika za neural tube ndi matenda ena a majini.
• Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Iyi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kujambula kwa anomaly, komwe kumachitika pakati pa masabata 18-20, kumafufuza chigaza cha mwana, ubongo, ndi msana. Ngati pali anencephaly, imatha kuzindikirika bwino ndi kujambulidwa kumeneku. Nthawi zina imatha kuzindikirika kale, pafupifupi masabata 8-12.
• MRI ya Mwana Wamng'ono (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Ngati scan ikuwonetsa mavuto aliwonse, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyike MRI kuti muphunzire ubongo ndi msana mozama.
• Amniocentesis: Mu mayesowa, chitsanzo chochepa kwambiri cha madzi amniotic ozungulira khanda chimatengedwa ndikuyesedwa. Ngati kuchuluka kwa AFP m'madzi amenewo kwakwera, kungakhale chizindikiro cha vuto la neural tube.

Kodi pali mankhwala a izi?

Ichi ndi chowonadi choopsa cha nkhaniyi. Palibe mankhwala kapena machiritso a matenda a anencephaly. Ndi vuto lomwe silikugwirizana ndi moyo.

Mukalandira matenda ngati amenewa, madokotala ndi ogwira ntchito kuchipatala adzakupatsani inu ndi banja lanu chithandizo chamaganizo chomwe mukufuna. Adzakufotokozerani za vutoli, adzakambirana za zomwe mungachite, komanso kukuthandizani pa nthawi yovutayi.

Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe chingachitike kuti tipewe vutoli?

Ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kuletsa izi kwathunthu, pali zinthu zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati mukukonzekera kutenga mimba kachiwiri.

• Imwani folic acid: Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Yambani kumwa 400 mcg (ma microgram) a folic acid tsiku lililonse osachepera miyezi itatu musanayambe kutenga mimba. Popeza zolakwika za neural tube zimachitika m'masabata oyamba a mimba, ndikofunikira kumwa folic acid kuyambira nthawi yomwe mukufuna kutenga mimba. Ngati munakhalapo ndi mwana wokhala ndi neural tube defect kale, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mupereke folic acid yambiri.
• Funsani upangiri wa dokotala (Uphungu Wokhudza Kugonana Pamaso Pathupi):Ngati mukukonzekera kutenga mimba, pitani kwa dokotala musanayambe kutenga mimba. Kambiranani za mankhwala omwe mukumwa, matenda ena aliwonse omwe muli nawo (monga matenda a shuga), ndipo pezani malangizo omwe mukufunikira kuti mukhale ndi mimba yabwino.
• Moyo Wathanzi: Idyani zakudya zoyenera, pewani kumwa mowa ndi kusuta fodya. Kusamalira thanzi lanu kumakhudza mwachindunji thanzi la mwana wanu.

Chisoni ndi mantha a imfa ya mwana ngati uyu zingakhale zovuta kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi munthu woti mulankhule naye ndikumuuza zakukhosi kwanu. Lankhulani ndi mwamuna wanu, banja lanu, ndi anzanu. Ngati mukufuna thandizo, musazengereze kupempha thandizo kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo. Kulowa m'magulu othandizira ndi makolo ena omwe adakumana ndi zokumana nazo zofanana kungakuthandizeninso kwambiri.