Kodi mtsempha waukulu wamagazi pachifuwa panu watupa ngati baluni? (Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm) - Tiyeni tikambirane izi!

Mtsempha waukulu, waukulu kwambiri wamagazi womwe umanyamula magazi m'thupi lathu lonse ndi aorta, kapena aorta. Taganizirani izi ngati chitoliro chachikulu chamadzi chomwe chimabweretsa madzi m'nyumba mwathu. Nanga chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati khoma limodzi la chitolirochi lafooka pamalo amodzi ndikuyamba kuphulika chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa madzi? Ndicho chimene Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ili. Chomwe chimachitika pankhaniyi ndi chakuti khoma la gawo la aorta lomwe limadutsa pachifuwa chathu limafooka ndikuphulika ngati baluni chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa magazi. Lero, tikambirana za vutoli, lomwe nthawi zambiri limachitika popanda zizindikiro zilizonse, mkati mwa thupi.

Kodi kwenikweni Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, uku ndi kutupa kapena kutukumuka (aneurysm) mu aorta, mtsempha waukulu womwe umadutsa pachifuwa chathu (pachifuwa). Mtsempha uwu uli ngati chubu. Koma aneurysm ikapangidwa, mawonekedwe a chubucho amasintha, ndipo malo amodzi amatukumuka ngati baluni. Kawirikawiri, madokotala amatcha vutoli kuti aneurysm pamene gawo la mtsemphawo limakhala lokulirapo ndi 50% kuposa m'lifupi mwake wamba.

Mtundu uwu wa aneurysm ukhoza kupangika kulikonse mu aorta yathu. Koma nthawi zambiri umapezeka m'mimba. Timautcha kuti Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Koma pafupifupi chimodzi mwa zinayi za aneurysm zomwe zimachitika m'chifuwa. Timautcha kuti Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm.

Ngati muli ndi aneurysm yaying'ono ngati iyi, singafunike chithandizo chambiri. Mukamamwa mankhwala oletsa zinthu monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, dokotala wanu adzakusanthulani nthawi zonse kuti aone ngati ikukulirakulira. Koma ngati aneurysm ndi yayikulu, kapena ikukula mofulumira, opaleshoni ingafunike musanakumane ndi mavuto akuluakulu komanso oopsa.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, vutoli limakhudza anthu pakati pa 6 ndi 10 pa anthu 100,000 aliwonse. Komabe, chiwerengero chenicheni chikhoza kukhala chokwera. Izi zili choncho chifukwa anthu ambiri sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse ndipo amakhala osadziwa kuti ali ndi vutoli. Pafupifupi 20% ya odwala omwe apezeka ndi matendawa ali ndi achibale omwe ali ndi vutoli, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti likhoza kukhala lobadwa nalo.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Choopsa chachikulu cha vutoli ndichakuti nthawi zambiri palibe zizindikiro. Komabe, nthawi zina, pamene aneurysm ikukula ndikukankhira ziwalo zozungulira, zizindikiro zina zimatha kuwoneka.

Zizindikiro zadzidzidzi zomwe zimachitika ngati aneurysm yaphulika (kuphulika) kapena kung'ambika (kung'ambika)

Iyi ndi nthawi yoopsa kwambiri ya matendawa. Khoma la aneurysm limatha kufooka ndikuphulika mwadzidzidzi (kusweka) kapena kung'amba zigawo ziwiri za khoma (kuduladula). Imeneyi ndi nthawi yodzidzimutsa kwambiri, yomwe ingawononge moyo. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera mwadzidzidzi komanso moopsa kwambiri.

N’chifukwa chiyani chinthu chonga ichi chimachitika?

Makoma a mitsempha yathu nthawi zambiri amakhala olimba komanso osinthasintha. Ayenera kukhala okhoza kufinya ndi kutambasula pansi pa kupanikizika kwa magazi komwe kumabwera ndi kugunda kwa mtima kulikonse. Koma ngati makoma awa afooka, sangathe kuthana ndi kupanikizikako ndikuyamba kutupa.

Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi matenda otchedwa Atherosclerosis . Mwachidule, mafuta monga cholesterol amaikidwa m'mitsempha yamagazi (timawatcha izi plaque), pang'onopang'ono akukhuthala ndikufooketsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi. Monga momwe dzimbiri limakhalira mkati mwa chitoliro chakale chamadzi. Izi zimafooketsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikuwonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi aneurysm.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo?

Kuwonjezera pa atherosclerosis, chilichonse chomwe chimafooketsa makoma a mtsempha wamagazi chimawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi aneurysm.

Kodi madokotala amapeza bwanji izi?

Nthawi zambiri, izi zimapezeka mwangozi. Timazitcha kuti "kuzindikira mwadzidzidzi." Izi zikutanthauza kuti, pamene X-ray ya pachifuwa ichitidwa pazifukwa zina, dokotala angazindikire kuti gawo lapakati la pachifuwa (mediastinum) ndi lalikulu kuposa lachibadwa. Pamenepo ndi pamene akukayikiridwa kuti pali aneurysm.

Ngati pali kukayikira koteroko, dokotala adzalamula mayeso ngati awa kuti atsimikizire izi:

• Angiogram ya Computed tomography (CT): Izi zingapangitse kuti pakhale zithunzi zomveka bwino za msempha wamagazi.
• Echocardiogram (echo): Kujambula kwa ultrasound kuti muwone momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito komanso gawo loyamba la mtsempha wamagazi.
• Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA): Kuyesa kofanana ndi CT scan, koma popanda kugwiritsa ntchito radiation.
• Kuyeza kwa m'mimba: Anthu omwe ali ndi aneurysm pachifuwa nawonso angakhale ndi aneurysm ya m'mimba, choncho yang'ananinso zimenezo.

Kodi mankhwala omwe alipo ndi ati?

Chithandizo chenicheni cha aneurysm ya mtsempha wa m'mimba ndi opaleshoni. Komabe, nthawi komanso mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe imachitika zimadalira kukula kwa aneurysm, komwe ili, momwe ikukula mofulumira, komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

Kodi opaleshoni imafunika liti?

Ngati aneurysm ndi yaying'ono, dokotala angasankhe kudikira popanda opaleshoni. Timatcha izi kuti "kudikira mosamala." Izi zikutanthauza kuti adzayang'ana aneurysm miyezi 6 mpaka 12 iliyonse kuti awone ngati ikukulirakulira, ndipo adzakupatsani mankhwala owongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi anu.

Koma,

• Ngati aneurysm ili ndi mainchesi awiri (pafupifupi masentimita 5.5) kapena kuposerapo,
• Ngati aneurysm ikukula mofulumira kuposa 0.5 cm pachaka ,
• Ngati aneurysm imayambitsa zizindikiro ,

Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri imalimbikitsidwa chifukwa ngati aneurysm ili yaikulu, chiopsezo cha kuphulika kwake chimakhala chachikulu.

Mitundu ikuluikulu ya opaleshoni

Pali mitundu ingapo yayikulu ya opaleshoni yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano.

1. Opaleshoni yotseguka yachikhalidwe: Kuduladula kumapangidwa pakati pa chifuwa, gawo lofooka la aorta yokhala ndi aneurysm limachotsedwa, ndipo chogwirira chimayikidwa m'malo mwake.

2. Kukonza mtsempha wamagazi wa m'chifuwa (TEVAR): Iyi ndi njira yochepetsera kufalikira kwa magazi m'chifuwa. Kudula pang'ono kumapangidwa m'chifuwa, ndipo stent graft imayikidwa kudzera mu kudulako pogwiritsa ntchito catheter kupita ku aneurysm ndikuyiyika mkati.

3. Kubwezeretsa mizu ya mtsempha wa mtima: Opaleshoni iyi imachitika ngati aneurysm ili pa muzu wa mtsempha wa mtima, womwe umalumikizana ndi mtima. Zingakhalenso zofunikira kusintha valavu ya mtima.

Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yothandizira yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.

Kodi izi sizingaletsedwe kuti zisachitike?

Palibe njira yopewera 100% kukula kwa aneurysm. Komabe, kuwongolera chomwe chimayambitsa, atherosclerosis, kungachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo.

• Lamulirani kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi mwa kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani.
• Khalani ndi kadyedwe koyenera, monga chakudya cha ku Mediterranean.
• Siyani kusuta fodya ndi zinthu zonse zopangidwa ndi fodya kotheratu.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono, monga kuyenda, kwa mphindi zosachepera 150 pa sabata. Koma lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe pulogalamu yatsopano yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Pita kukayezetsa matenda chaka chilichonse.

Ngati muli ndi vutoli, kodi mumadzisamalira bwanji?

Ngati dokotala wanu akukuuzani kuti muli ndi aneurysm ya mtsempha wa m'mimba, musachite mantha. Iye adzakupatsani malangizo a momwe mungadzisamalire nokha pamene mukukhala ndi vutoli.

• Pewani zinthu monga kunyamula zolemera ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi yayitali (HIIT). Izi zingapangitse kuti mtsempha wamagazi ukhale wopanikizika kwambiri. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi ati omwe ali oyenera kwa inu.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito fodya kotheratu.
• Chepetsani mchere mu chakudya.
• Imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani molondola komanso panthawi yake.
• Pewani mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amawonjezera kugunda kwa mtima (cocaine, amphetamines) ndi zitsamba zina.
• Lumikizanani ndi dokotala nthawi zonse. Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zatsopano kapena mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zina zilizonse kuchokera ku mankhwala anu, mudziwitseni nthawi yomweyo.