Kodi pali vuto ndi mtsempha wanu wamagazi? Tiyeni tikambirane za matenda a mtima otchedwa Aorta omwe ali ndi Nirogi Lanka!

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti mtsempha wamagazi waukulu komanso wofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lanu ndi uti? Ndi mtsempha wanu wamagazi —njira yayikulu kwambiri ya kayendedwe ka magazi. Mtsempha waukulu uwu umayenda kuchokera pamtima mpaka pamimba, womwe umagwira ntchito ngati njira yofunikira yoperekera magazi atsopano okhala ndi mpweya wambiri m'thupi lanu lonse. Chifukwa ndi wofunika kwambiri, vuto lililonse lomwe limakhudza mtsempha wanu wamagazi lingakhale ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pa thanzi lanu lonse. Ku Nirogi Lanka , timatchula gulu ili la matenda omwe amakhudza mtsempha wamagazi ngati aorta .

Kodi Aortaopathy ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule.

Mwachidule, aortaopathy imatanthauza gulu la matenda omwe amafooketsa kapena kuwononga makoma a mtsempha wanu. Taganizirani izi motere: nthawi iliyonse mtima wanu ukamagunda, umapopa magazi mwachindunji mumtsempha waukuluwu. Kuti muthane ndi kupanikizika kumeneko, makoma anu a mtsempha ayenera kukhala olimba komanso olimba. Komabe, ngati makoma awa afooka, amatha kutupa, kusweka, kapena kung'ambika (kuduladula), zomwe zingakhale zoopsa ku moyo. Mtundu weniweni wa aorta womwe muli nawo umatsimikizira momwe aorta yanu imakhudzidwira.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya aorta ndi iti?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya matenda a aorta. Tiyeni tikambirane zomwe zimafala kwambiri.

Aneurysm ya m'mimba ya Aortic (AAA)

Izi zimachitika pamene gawo la mtsempha wamagazi lomwe limadutsa m'mimba mwanu limafooka ndikutupa ngati baluni. Timatcha izi kuti aneurysm . Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 65, omwe amasuta fodya, kapena omwe ali ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima. Kuopsa kwa AAA ndikuti imatha kuphulika mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zimayambitsa kutuluka magazi mkati mwa thupi komwe kungawononge moyo.

Kutsekeka kwa Mitsempha ya M'khosi (TAA)

Izi zimaphatikizapo kufooka kapena kutumphuka kwa gawo la mtsempha wamagazi lomwe limadutsa pachifuwa chanu. Ngakhale kuti (TAA) si yofala kwambiri ngati (AAA), nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi gawo lamphamvu la majini, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imatha kuchitika m'mabanja. Monga (AAA), chiopsezo chachikulu cha (TAA) ndi kuphulika komwe kungawononge moyo.

Kuopsa kwa Kugawanika kwa Mtsempha wa Aorta

Imeneyi ndi ngozi yaikulu. Kusweka kwa mtsempha wamagazi kumachitika pamene gawo lamkati la khoma lanu la mtsempha wamagazi likusweka. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pamalo pomwe khoma lili lofooka kale, nthawi zina pomwe pali aneurysm, ngakhale kuti imatha kuchitika popanda imodzi. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: Kusweka kwa Mtundu A , komwe kumaphatikizapo kusweka kwa gawo la mtsempha wamagazi lomwe lili pafupi ndi mtima (asanalowe m'chimake), ndi kusweka kwa Mtundu B , komwe kumachitika pambuyo pa chimake, pachifuwa kapena m'mimba. Kusweka kwa mtsempha wamagazi ndi njira yodziwira matenda.zadzidzidzi zachipatala zomwe zimafuna kudziwitsidwa ndi kulandira chithandizo mwachangu.

Kumvetsetsa Kupweteka kwa Mitsempha ya Banja

Matenda a m'mitsempha ya m'mimba (Familial aorta) amatanthauza matenda a m'mitsempha ya m'mimba omwe ali ndi ulalo wa majini (wobadwa nawo) . Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli ali ndi majini osiyanasiyana omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo chawo ku matenda a m'mitsempha ya m'mimba. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mtsempha wa m'mimba, makamaka muzu wa m'mitsempha ya m'mimba kapena mtsempha wokwera.

Kawirikawiri imagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

Kodi Syndromic Aortopathy ndi chiyani?

Kawirikawiri amatchedwa (Syndromic heritable thoracic aortic disease), izi zimachitika mukakhala ndi majini omwe amakhudza aorta pamodzi ndi ziwalo zina zakuthupi. Matenda ena okhudzana ndi matenda a aortic ndi awa:

• Matenda a Loeys-Dietz
• Matenda a Marfan
• Matenda a Turner
• Matenda a mitsempha ya Ehlers-Danlos

Kumvetsetsa Non-syndromic Aortopathy

Lodziwika kuti (Non-syndromic heritable thoracic aortic disease), izi zimachitika ngati mulibe matenda enaake otchedwa syndrome, koma muli ndi majini osiyanasiyana omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a aortic. Asayansi apeza majini oposa 50 okhudzana ndi matendawa. Ena mwa majini ofunikira kwambiri ndi awa:

• ACTA2 (yomwe imapezeka kwambiri)
• FOXE3
• LOX
• MYH11
• MYLK

Kumbukirani, ngati wachibale wanu wakhala ndi vuto la aortic aneurysm kapena kung'ambika kwa mtsempha wamagazi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuyezetsa majini . Ngati mwapezeka ndi vuto la aortic, achibale anu angafunikenso kuyezetsa majini kuti adziwe ngati ali pachiwopsezo.

Kodi Bicuspid Aortaopathy ndi chiyani?

Izi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa (Bicuspid valve-associated aortopathy). Zimatanthauza kuti kuwonjezera pa vuto la aortic, muli ndi vuto la mtima lobadwa nalo lotchedwa Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV) . BAV ndi vuto la mtima lobadwa nalo kwambiri, lomwe limakhudza pafupifupi munthu m'modzi pa anthu 50 aliwonse.

Valavu yanu ya msempha imagwira ntchito ngati mlonda, kulamulira kuyenda kwa magazi kuchokera m'chipinda chachikulu chopopera cha mtima wanu (ventricle yakumanzere) kupita ku aorta. Valavu ya msempha yathanzi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi timapepala titatu; valavu ya bicuspid imakhala ndi timabuku tiwiri tokha. Ngakhale anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi BAV angakhale opanda zizindikiro kwa zaka zambiri, izi zingayambitse mavuto pakapita nthawi.

Ngati muli ndi vuto la bicuspid aortaopathy, valavu yanu ya aorta ili ndi timabuku tiwiri tokha, ndipo aorta yanu nthawi zambiri imakhala yayikulu kuposa yachibadwa (kukulirakulira). Mwa odwala (BAV), kukuliraku kumachitika muzu wa aorta kapena aorta yokwera—zigawo zomwe zili pafupi ndi mtima wanu.

Mavuto a Bicuspid Aortopathy

Kutambasuka pang'ono sikungayambitse mavuto nthawi yomweyo. Komabe, ngati mtsempha wamagazi ukukulirakulira kwambiri, ukhoza kukhala aneurysm. Izi zimapangitsa kuti makoma a mtsempha wamagazi achuluke kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chiopsezo chophulika kapena kusweka. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la bicuspid aortic ali ndi mwayi wopeza aortic dissection pafupifupi nthawi zisanu ndi zinayi kuposa omwe alibe vutoli.

Kodi Aorta ndi yofala bwanji?

Kufalikira kwa matendawa kumadalira matenda enaake. Matenda a m'mimba otchedwa Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) ndi omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'thupi la munthu. Ku United States kokha, milandu pafupifupi 200,000 ya AAA imapezedwa chaka chilichonse. Padziko lonse lapansi, akuti anthu pafupifupi 47,000 amafa chaka chilichonse chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a m'mimba.

Kodi zizindikiro za Aorta ndi ziti? Musanyalanyaze izi!

Nthawi zambiri, aortaopathy imakhala yopanda zizindikiro , zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoopsa kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyezetsa nthawi zonse kwachipatala ndikofunikira ngati muli ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo.

Pamene aneurysm ya mtsempha wamagazi ikuyandikira malo ophulika, mungazindikire zizindikiro zina zochenjeza:

• Kumva kukhuta m'mimba mwako mutadya pang'ono chabe.
• Kupweteka kosalekeza kumbuyo, matako, m'mimba, miyendo, kapena m'mimba.
• Kugunda kapena kugunda pafupi ndi mchombo wanu, mofanana ndi kugunda kwa mtima.
• Kupuma movutikira.

Kuphulika kwa mtsempha wamagazi ndi kusweka kwa mtsempha wamagazi ndi zinthu zoopsa zomwe zingawononge moyo wanu! Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirazi, imbani 911 kapena ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi mdera lanu nthawi yomweyo, kapena pitani ku dipatimenti yazadzidzidzi yachipatala yapafupi:

• Kupweteka kwadzidzidzi, kwakukulu m'mimba.
• Kupweteka kwadzidzidzi, koopsa, komanso koopsa pachifuwa kapena kumbuyo. Izi zingamveke ngati kung'amba, kubaya, kapena kung'amba.
• Khungu louma kapena thukuta kwambiri.
• Chisokonezo.
• Chizungulire kapena kukomoka.
• Kugunda kwa mtima mwachangu.
• Kusanza ndi kusanza.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Kuvuta kulankhula.
• Kutaya masomphenya mwadzidzidzi.
• Kufooka kapena kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a mtima (aorta)?

Matenda a mtima (aortaopathy) angayambike chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, zina kuyambira kubadwa (kubadwa) ndi zina kukula pambuyo pa moyo.

• Majini: Matenda a majini ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya majini ingayambitse matenda a aorta. Familyal Aortopathy nthawi zambiri imabadwa mu njira ya 'autosomal dominant', zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ngati kholo limodzi lili ndi jiniyi, pali mwayi wa 50% wopatsira ana awo.
• Matenda a mtima obadwa nawo: Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi aorticopathy. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo `Bicuspid aortic valve`, `Coarctation of the aorta`, `Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (VSD)`, `Tetralogy of Fallot`, `d-Transposition of the great arteries`, ndi `Truncus arteriosus`. Kukonza kwina kwa opaleshoni, monga `Arterial switch (ASO)`, `Atrial baffle (Mustard/Senning)`, kapena `staged Norwood, Glenn, ndi Fontan surgeries`, kungagwirizanenso ndi chitukuko cha aorticopathy pambuyo pake.
• Matenda a atherosclerosis:Kuwunjikana kwa plaque m'mitsempha yanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ichepetse, ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha aortaopathy chomwe chimayamba kukula muunyamata.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha Aorta?

Zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a aorta ndi izi:

• Kusuta ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fodya: Ichi ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu . Ambiri mwa matenda a aortic aneurysms amapezeka mwa anthu omwe amasuta kapena omwe kale anali kusuta.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (Kuthamanga kwa magazi): Pakapita nthawi, izi zitha kufooketsa makoma a mtsempha wanu wamagazi.
• Zaka: Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi aneurysm ya aorta chimawonjezeka kwambiri munthu akakwanitsa zaka 65.
• Mbiri ya banja: Ngati wachibale wanu weniweni wakhala ndi aneurysm kapena kusweka kwa magazi, chiopsezo chanu chimakhala chachikulu.
• Mafuta ambiri a cholesterol kapena triglycerides: Kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumawonjezera kuthekera kwa kudzikundikira kwa plaque m'mitsempha yanu.
• Matenda a Autoimmune: Matenda monga `Giant cell arteritis` ndi `Takayasu arteritis` angayambitse kutupa, kufooketsa makoma a mtsempha wamagazi.
• Matenda: Nthawi zambiri, matenda monga `syphilis` kapena matenda a bakiteriya omwe ali mu khoma la aorta angayambitse kufooka kwa kapangidwe ka thupi.

Kodi matenda a aorta amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Popeza matenda amenewa nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda zizindikiro zochenjeza mpaka patakhala vuto lalikulu, timadalira kuyezetsa magazi mwamsanga ngati muli ndi zinthu zomwe mukudziwa kuti zingakuike pachiwopsezo. Dokotala wanu ku Nirogi Lanka adzawunika thanzi la mtsempha wanu wamagazi ngati akukayikira kuti pali vuto.

Njira zodziwika bwino zodziwira matenda ndi izi:

• Kuyezetsa thupi: Dokotala wanu adzachita kafukufuku wathunthu wa thanzi lanu, kuwunika zoopsa za mtima wanu, ndikuwunikanso mbiri yanu yachipatala, zizolowezi zanu za moyo, ndi mbiri ya banja lanu.
• Kuyezetsa majini: Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuyezetsa majini kuti aone ngati pali kusintha kwina komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha matenda a aorta.
• Mayeso ojambulira: Kuti aone kukula ndi thanzi la mtsempha wanu wamagazi, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zapadera. Mayesowa amayesa kukula kwa mtsempha wamagazi kuti adziwe ngati wakula kupitirira malire oyenera.

Kodi matenda a aorta amachiritsidwa bwanji?

• Kujambula kwa CT (computed tomography)
• Kujambula kwa maginito (MRI)
• Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) (ultrasound ya mtima yosavulaza)
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) (ultrasound yochitidwa kudzera mu esophagus)
• Ultrasound ya m'mimba

Kuyezetsa kulikonse komwe kumayesa matenda kumakhala ndi ubwino wake komanso zofooka zake. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani mayeso omwe akufunika pa vuto lanu komanso chifukwa chake. Angagwiritse ntchito mayeso amodzi kapena angapo kuti ayang'anire mtsempha wanu pakapita nthawi. Mungafunike kuchita mayeso awa nthawi ndi nthawi (monga kamodzi pachaka). Kuchuluka kwa kuyezetsa kumeneku kumadalira kwambiri zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda anu komanso momwe thanzi la mtsempha wanu wamagazi lilili panopa.

Kodi ndi mankhwala ati omwe alipo a aorta?

Ndondomeko yanu ya chithandizo imakonzedwa kuti igwirizane ndi vuto lanu komanso kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo cha zovuta. Ku Nirogi Lanka, dokotala wanu adzakukonzerani dongosolo losamalira lomwe likugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu, zomwe zingaphatikizepo kusintha moyo wanu, mankhwala, njira zapadera, kapena opaleshoni.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kusintha moyo wathu!

Kusintha kwina kwa moyo kungathandize kuchepetsa kukula kwa matenda a mtsempha wamagazi ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuphulika kwa aneurysm. Ngati mwapezeka ndi vuto la mtsempha wamagazi, ndikofunikira kuti:

• Pewani kumwa mowa.
• Siyani kusuta fodya ndipo pewani kugwiritsa ntchito fodya.
• Khalani ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi pa mtima.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse (monga momwe dokotala wanu akulangizira).
• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera.
• Konzani zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima monga kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol yambiri.

Mankhwala angathandize kwambiri

Dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mwa kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, mumachepetsa kupsinjika komwe kumayikidwa pa makoma a mitsempha yanu, zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuphulika kwa aneurysm ya aortic kapena kusweka. Mankhwala odziwika bwino ndi awa:

• Zoletsa za angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
• Ma ARB (Angiotensin receptor blockers)
• Beta-blockers
• Zoletsa njira za calcium
• Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya madzi (mapiritsi a madzi)

Opaleshoni ndi njira zachipatala

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto la aorta angafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni kapena kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Opaleshoni ya Aneurysm (opaleshoni yachikhalidwe yotseguka)
• Opaleshoni yosinthira mizu ya aorta
• Kukonza aneurysm ya m'mitsempha ya m'magazi (EVAR) - njira yosavulaza kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito kudula pang'ono ndi catheter.
• Kukonza aneurysm ya m'khosi (TEVAR) - njira yofanana ndi imeneyi yochepetsera kufalikira kwa mtsempha wa m'khosi.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo chanu cha aorta?

Kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ku matenda a mtima. Nazi malangizo ena:

• Pewani zinthu zoopsa: Fodya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi mowa wochuluka zimawononga mtima wanu ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Tikukulimbikitsani kwambiri kuti musiye kusuta fodya ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ponena za mowa, yesetsani kukhala mkati mwa malire oyenera—nthawi zambiri musamwe mowa woposa umodzi patsiku kwa akazi ndi awiri kwa amuna.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamtima: Yang'anani kwambiri zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ochepa, mafuta osungunuka, sodium, ndi shuga wowonjezera. Chepetsani chakudya chokonzedwa bwino monga buledi woyera ndipo sankhani tirigu wonse m'malo mwake. Samalani momwe zakudya zanu zimakhudzira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu.
• Khalani otanganidwa: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumaoneka kosiyana kwa aliyense. Pezani masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe mumakonda ndipo tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu okhudza mphamvu zotetezeka. Nthawi zambiri, yesetsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono kwa mphindi 150 pa sabata, monga kuyenda mwachangu, kukwera njinga, kapena kusambira.
• Sinthani kupsinjika maganizo:Ngakhale kuti n'zosavuta kunena kuposa kuchita, kuphunzira njira zochepetsera kupsinjika maganizo n'kofunika kwambiri. Gawani mavutowa ndi anzanu ndi abale anu.

Kodi chiyembekezo ndi chiyani ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima (Aorta)?

Dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri woti akuuzeni za matenda anu. Adzaganizira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo:

• Matenda anu enieni.
• Kuchuluka kwa matenda.
• Zaka zanu ndi jenda lanu.
• Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima.
• Mbiri ya matenda a banja lanu.
• Mbiri yanu yonse yachipatala.

Chonde khalani ndi mphamvu zokambirana momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za zomwe mungayembekezere mtsogolo.

Kodi ndiyenera kudzisamalira bwanji ngati ndili ndi matenda a mtima (Aorta)?

Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo enieni odzisamalira. Tsatirani malangizo awa mosamala, ndipo musazengereze kulankhulana nafe ndi mafunso. Mungalangizidwe kuti:

• Pewani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi otopetsa kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa kapena kusiya kumwa mowa.
• Sinthani zakudya.
• Siyani kugwiritsa ntchito fodya konse.
• Imwani mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa nthawi zonse.

Mimba ndi Aorta

Ngati muli ndi vuto la aorta, mimba ikhoza kukhala ndi zoopsa zazikulu. Musanakonzekere kutenga pakati, chonde lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe ngati ndi yotetezeka kwa inu. Kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha mavuto, mungafunike chisamaliro chapadera cha amayi oyembekezera, monga kuyezetsa zithunzi pafupipafupi. Dokotala wanu angafunikenso kusintha mankhwala anu kuti atsimikizire kuti simukulandira mankhwala aliwonse omwe ndi osatetezeka panthawi ya mimba.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yanji?

Onetsetsani kuti mwapita kukayezetsa matenda anu chaka chilichonse ndipo muzichita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti muone ngati muli ndi matenda. Dokotala wanu adzakulangizani za kuchuluka kwa nthawi zomwe muyenera kukayezetsa matenda anu.

Ngati munapezeka ndi vuto la mtima lobadwa nalo muli mwana, mwina munali ndi dokotala wa mtima wa ana amene ankakuyang'anirani thanzi lanu. Komabe, mutakwanitsa zaka 18, mwina simunayambe kulandira chithandizo kuchokera kwa katswiri watsopano. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti anthu ambiri amavutika ndi kusintha kuchoka pa chisamaliro cha ana kupita ku chisamaliro cha akuluakulu. Ngati munalandira chithandizo cha matenda a mtima obadwa nawo muli achinyamata, ndikofunikira kupitiriza kugwira ntchito ndi dokotala wa mtima wa akuluakulu. Izi zimakhala zoona ngakhale mutakhala kuti muli ndi thanzi labwino.Dokotala wanu wa mtima adzakupatsani malangizo pa zoopsa za aorta ndi matenda ena mukadzakula.

Uthenga Wofunika Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Matenda a mtima (aorticopathy) ndi matenda oopsa omwe angakhale oopsa ngati sanapezeke ndi chithandizo. Ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi vuto la aortic aneurysm kapena dissection, chonde lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mumvetse zoopsa zanu. Anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chifukwa cha majini, zilema za mtima wobadwa nazo, kapena zinthu zina monga kusuta fodya. Kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima (aorticopathy) ndikulimbitsa thupi lanu lonse. Samalani mtima wanu—ndiwo kugunda kwa moyo wanu!

Mawu Ofunika: Nirogi Lanka, Aorta, Aorta, Matenda a mtima, Aneurysm, Aortic dissection, Matenda a majini, Kupweteka pachifuwa, Kuthamanga kwa magazi, Kusuta, Thanzi la mtima