Kodi tiyenera kudziwa bwino za mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi (Antihyperlipidemic Drugs)?

Kodi mudawonapo lipoti la kuyezetsa magazi lomwe limati "cholesterol yanu yakwera pang'ono"? Kapena kodi dokotala wanu adakuuzanipo kuti "muyambe kumwa mankhwala oletsa cholesterol yanu"? Izi ndizodziwika bwino kwa anthu ambiri mdziko lathu. Chifukwa chake lero ndilankhula mwachidule komanso mwaulemu za mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol awa, kapena m'mawu azachipatala, mankhwala a "Antihyperlipidemic".

Nchifukwa chiyani tikufunika mankhwala a cholesterol awa?

Choyamba, tiyeni timvetse izi. Cholesterol ndi chinthu chomwe matupi athu amafunikira pang'ono. Chimathandiza kumanga maselo athu ndikupanga mahomoni. Chiwindi chathu chimapanga cholesterol yomwe timafunikira. Koma vuto limayamba ndi zakudya zomwe timadya komanso moyo womwe timakhala, zomwe zingayambitse cholesterol yowonjezera m'matupi athu.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti cholesterol ichuluke:

• Chakudya ndi zakumwa zathu: Mafuta okhuta omwe amapezeka muzakudya za nyama (nyama, batala, tchizi, mkaka) ndi zakudya zokazinga kwambiri (makamaka zinthu monga mafuta a kanjedza) amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi.
• Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Thupi likapanda kuchitapo kanthu, ma calories owonjezera omwe timadya amasungidwa ngati mafuta.
• Zifukwa za majini: Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi cholesterol yambiri chifukwa cha zotsatira za majini zomwe zadutsa m'mibadwomibadwo.

Pamene kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kukukwera, kumayamba kusonkhana pa makoma a mitsempha yathu yamagazi. Izi zimatchedwa ``Atherosclerosis''. Zili ngati dothi lomwe limasonkhana mkati mwa chitoliro chamadzi. Pakapita nthawi, zinthuzi zimapangitsa kuti mitsempha yamagazi ikhale yopapatiza ndikuletsa kuyenda kwa magazi. Izi ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda aakulu monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko ayambe.

Mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa cholesterol. Si mankhwala onse omwe ndi ofanana. Dokotala wanu adzakusankhirani mankhwala oyenera kwambiri kutengera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yanu, matenda ena, komanso zoopsa zomwe muli nazo. Tiyeni tiwone mwachidule mankhwala aliwonsewa.

1. Ma Statin - mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri

Iyi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso ogwira mtima kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mwina munamvapo za mayina a makampani odziwika bwino monga `Lipitor®`, `Crestor®`, `Zocor®`. Onsewa ali m'gulu la mankhwala a `Statins`.

• Kodi imagwira ntchito bwanji?:Mwachidule, chiwindi chathu chili ngati fakitale yomwe imapanga cholesterol. Fakitale iyi ili ndi enzyme yofunika kwambiri yotchedwa `(HMG CoA reductase)` yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga cholesterol. `Statins` imaletsa enzyme iyi. Kenako kupanga cholesterol ndi chiwindi kumachepa.
• Ubwino wina: Ma Statin ali ndi zinthu zina zabwino.
• Zimathandiza kuti khoma lamkati la mitsempha yamagazi lizigwira ntchito bwino.
• Amachepetsa kutupa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi.
• Amachepetsa chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana.
• Zimathandiza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ma plaque (mafuta osungidwa) m'mitsempha yamagazi kusweka ndikuwononga.

Chifukwa cha maubwino ena owonjezerawa, ma statin ndi mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri pochepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

2. Ma Fibrate (Zochokera ku Fibric acid kapena Ma Fibrate)

Mankhwala amtundu uwu makamaka cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa mtundu wina wa mafuta otchedwa triglycerides m'magazi. Ma calories owonjezera omwe timadya amasungidwa m'thupi ngati `Triglycerides`. `Tricor®`, `Lopid®` ndi zitsanzo za mankhwala amtundu uwu. Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa amachepetsa cholesterol yoyipa `(LDL)`, amathandizanso kuwonjezera cholesterol yabwino `(HDL)` pamlingo winawake. Komabe, mankhwalawa si oyenera anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa a impso kapena chiwindi.

3. Mankhwala ena

Pali mitundu ina yambiri ya mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe salabadira ma statins kapena m'mikhalidwe ina yapadera.

• Zoletsa za PCSK9: Izi ndi mankhwala obayidwa omwe amachepetsa kwambiri cholesterol yoyipa (LDL). Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima ndipo cholesterol yawo singathe kulamulidwa ndi mankhwala ena.
• Mankhwala ochepetsa asidi a bile: Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito m'matumbo. Amamangirira ku ndulu yomwe imachokera ku chiwindi kuti ithandize kugaya chakudya, kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'thupi.
• Mankhwala oletsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol (Ezetimibe): Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, awa amagwira ntchito poletsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol kuchokera m'matumbo kupita m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa pamodzi ndi ma statins.
• Nicotinic acid (Niacin): Iyi ndi mtundu wa vitamini B. Imathandiza kuchepetsa cholesterol yoyipa (LDL) ndi triglycerides ndikuwonjezera cholesterol yabwino (HDL). Komabe, siyoyenera anthu omwe ali ndi gout kapena matenda oopsa a chiwindi.
• Mafuta a Omega-3: Amatchedwanso "mafuta a nsomba." Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'thupi. Ena mwa iwo amapezeka popanda kugulitsidwa ndi dokotala, koma simuyenera kuwagwiritsa ntchito popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu , chifukwa amatha kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena.

Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi ziti?

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi angayambitse mavuto ena mwa anthu ena. Chofunika ndichakuti si aliyense amene amakumana ndi mavutowa. Ndipo ambiri mwa iwo si oopsa.Koma ngati mukumva kusasangalala kulikonse, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala za izi.

Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu, tiwona zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala akuluakulu.

Zinthu zomwe tiyenera kuziganizira tikamamwa mankhwala

Kuti tipindule kwambiri ndi mankhwala a cholesterol, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe tiyenera kuchita. Si bwino kuiwala zina zonse chifukwa choti mwamwa mapiritsi.

• Sinthani moyo wanu: Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamtima: Chepetsani kudya mafuta, mkaka wa kokonati, shuga, ndi ufa momwe mungathere. Phatikizani ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, nyemba, mtedza, ndi nsomba muzakudya zanu.
• Maseŵero Olimbitsa Thupi: Khalani ndi chizolowezi choyenda, kuthamanga, kapena kukwera njinga kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku.
• Imwani mankhwala anu pa nthawi yake: Imwani mlingo woyenera pa nthawi yoyenera monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Musaphonye tsiku limodzi.
• Musachepetse mlingo wa mankhwala anu: Musachepetse mlingo wa mankhwala anu, kaya mukuganiza kuti "sungani ndalama" kapena "zidzamveka bwino lero." Mudzapindula mokwanira pokhapokha mutamwa mlingo wonse.
• Pezani mankhwala atsopano musanathe: Musadikire mpaka mankhwala atatha, tengani mipiringidzo yatsopano ya mankhwala musanathe.
• Zoyenera kuchita ngati mwaiwala kumwa mlingo: Ngati mwaiwala kumwa mlingo, imwani mwamsanga mukangokumbukira. Komabe, ngati nthawi yanu yotsatira yayandikira, dumphani mlingo womwe mwaiwala ndikumwa mlingo wotsatira panthawi yachizolowezi. Musamwe milingo iwiri nthawi imodzi kuti mubwezeretse mlingo womwe mwaiwala.
• Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena: Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena aliwonse, mavitamini, kapena mankhwala a Ayurvedic omwe mukumwa, chifukwa mankhwala ena amatha kuyanjana.

Mawu okhudza zinthu "zachilengedwe" nawonso

Anthu ena amayesa kuchepetsa cholesterol yawo ndi zinthu "zachilengedwe" m'malo momwa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, amagwiritsa ntchito chowonjezera chotchedwa `red yeast rice`. Izi kwenikweni zili ndi mankhwala ofanana ndi omwe amapezeka mu `statins` zina.

Koma kumbukirani, "zachilengedwe" sizitanthauza "zotetezeka." Zakudya zowonjezera ngati izi sizimayesedwa mwamphamvu ngati mankhwala. Zingathenso kusokonezana ndi mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukuganiza zogwiritsa ntchito chinthu chonga ichi, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndipo mupange zisankho kutengera upangiri wawo.