Nanga bwanji ngati mtima waima mwadzidzidzi? Tiyeni tikambirane za 'flat line' (Asystole)

Muyenera kuti munaziwona pa TV, pamene wina mwadzidzidzi wataya chikumbumtima ndikugwa pansi, madokotala amathamangira mkati, amaika makina pachifuwa nati 'Chotsani!' ndikugwedeza magetsi. Koma nthawi zina zomwe mumawona pa chowunikiracho ndi mzere wautali wowongoka. Ndicho chimene timachitcha 'flat-line' kapena asystole. Ichi ndi vuto lalikulu lachipatala lomwe lingayambitse imfa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tonsefe tidziwe bwino izi.

Kodi asystole ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, asystole ndi pamene magetsi a mtima wanu amatseka kwathunthu ndipo mtima wanu umasiya kugunda. Uwu ndi mtundu wa kuima kwa mtima. Pa nthawiyi, mtima umasiya kupopera magazi m'thupi kwathunthu. Izi zingayambitse kutaya mwadzidzidzi chidziwitso, kusiya kupuma, kapena kubanika. Popanda chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu, monga CPR, imfa ingachitike mkati mwa mphindi zochepa.

Nchifukwa chiyani izi zimatchedwa 'flat-line'?

Sitingathe kudziwa vutoli kuchokera kunja. Lingathe kudziwika bwino pokhapokha poyesa ECG (Electrocardiogram). Mwina mwaonapo kuti m'zipatala, masensa angapo amamangiriridwa pachifuwa kuti aziyang'anira momwe mtima ukuyendera. Masensawa amazindikira momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito pang'ono ndipo amawawonetsa ngati mawonekedwe ozungulira pazenera.

Kachitidwe ka mafunde aka kamachitika pamene pali ntchito yamagetsi mumtima. Mu asystole, palibe ntchito yamagetsi mumtima, kotero m'malo mwa mafunde, mzere wowongoka, wosalala umangowonekera pazenera. Ndicho chifukwa chake umatchedwa 'mzere wosalala'.

Kodi mtima wathu umagwira ntchito bwanji ? Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani munthu akamavutika ndi vuto la mtima (asystole)?

Nthawi iliyonse mtima wathu ukugunda, zimachitika m'magawo awiri akuluakulu.

1. Systole: Kachilombo kakang'ono kamagetsi kamene kamachitika mkati mwa mtima kamapangitsa kuti minofu ya mtima igwidwe mwamphamvu. Kupindika kumeneku ndi komwe kumapopa magazi kuchokera mumtima m'thupi lonse.

2. Diastole: Pambuyo pogunda kamodzi, minofu ya mtima imapumula. Apa ndi pamene zipinda za mtima zimadzazanso ndi magazi, okonzeka kupompa kwina.

Mu asystole, mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imayambitsa systole imatayika kwathunthu. Monga momwe injini yamadzi imasiya kugwira ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi ikatayika, njira yamagetsi ikatayika, mtima umasiya kugwira ntchito kwathunthu. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha 'imfa yachipatala'.

Kodi zifukwa za asystole ndi ziti?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtima usiye kugwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi. Zina mwa zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:

• Kutuluka magazi ambiri m'thupi.
• Kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi (Hypoxia) komwe ndi koopsa .
• Kusalinganika kwa mchere ndi ma electrolyte m'thupi.
• Matenda a mtima oopsa.
• Kutuluka kwa mpweya m'mapapo.
• Miyimbo ya mtima yosazolowereka (Arrhythmias), makamaka matenda monga Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) ndi Ventricular Tachycardia (VT).
• Ngozi yaikulu pachifuwa kapena pamtima.
• Kugwedezeka kwamagetsi.
• Kumwa mankhwala enaake, poizoni, kapena mankhwala enaake monga cocaine.

Kodi izi zingachiritsidwe bwanji? Kodi zingapulumutse moyo?

Asystole ndi vuto lachipatala lomwe sekondi iliyonse imawerengedwa. Ngati izi zitachitika kwa munthu amene ali kunja kwa chipatala, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri komanso chokhacho chomwe mungachite ndikuyamba CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) nthawi yomweyo ndikupitiriza mpaka thandizo lachipatala litafika. CPR yoyenera komanso yopitilira ili ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri wopulumutsa moyo.

Ngati muli m'chipatala, magulu azachipatala amapereka chithandizo chotsatirachi.

Kodi kugwedezeka (defibrillation) sikungatsitsimutse mtima?

Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza molakwika akaonera mafilimu. Asystole si nyimbo 'yodabwitsa'. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kupatsa munthu amene ali ndi chingwe chosalala mphamvu yamagetsi (defibrillation) sikungagwire ntchito. Ndipotu, kuchita zimenezi kungapangitse kuti zikhale zovuta kutsitsimutsa mtima.

Kugwedezeka kumachitika kokha pa kayendedwe ka rhythm kosazolowereka, monga Ventricular Fibrillation (VF), komwe ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima imasokonekera ndipo mtima umangogwedezeka. Komabe, ndi CPR yabwino, nthawi zina mtima womwe uli mu mkhalidwe wa asystole ungasinthidwe kukhala kayendedwe ka shockable. Ichi ndichifukwa chake CPR ndiye chithandizo chachikulu apa.

Kodi muyenera kufunafuna thandizo nthawi yomweyo liti?

Ngati munthu amene ali pafupi nanu mwadzidzidzi akumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, kungakhale kulephera kwa mtima.

• Mwadzidzidzi kutaya chidziwitso ndikugwa.
• Osapuma kapena kupuma movutikira.
• Kutaya kwa kugunda kwa mtima pakhosi kapena pachikhatho.

Mu mkhalidwe wotere, imbani nthawi yomweyo ambulansi yadzidzidzi (mwachitsanzo, 1919). Kenako, yambani CPR mwachangu momwe mungathere. Ngakhale simukudziwa momwe mungachitire CPR, musachite mantha. Mkulu wa ambulansi angakuphunzitseni momwe mungachitire CPR pafoni. Khama lanu lili ndi mwayi waukulu wopulumutsa moyo. Wodwalayo ayenera kutengedwera ku Chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti izi zachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala oopsa, mutha kuyimbira foni ku National Poison Information Center ku Colombo National Hospital nthawi yomweyo ndikupempha upangiri.