Dokotala akakuuzani inu kapena mwana wanu kuti muli ndi matenda a magazi otchedwa Beta Thalassemia, ndikofunikira kudziwa mtundu weniweni wa matenda omwe muli nawo. Chifukwa mtundu wa matenda omwe muli nawo ndi womwe udzatsimikizire zizindikiro ndi chithandizo chomwe mukufuna. Mutha kuchita mantha pang'ono mukamva dzinali. Koma musadandaule, tidzafotokoza zonse momveka bwino komanso mosavuta.
Mwachidule, kodi beta thalassemia ndi chiyani?
Beta thalassemia ndi matenda omwe amakhudza magazi athu. Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe izi zimachitikira mkati mwa thupi.
Mkati mwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi mwathu muli puloteni yapadera yotchedwa hemoglobin . Iyi ndi njira yomwe imatenga mpweya kuchokera m'mapapo ndikuugawa ku maselo m'thupi lonse. Zili ngati ntchito yopereka mpweya. Mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi beta thalassemia, puloteni iyi ya hemoglobin simapangidwa mokwanira momwe imafunikira. Chifukwa cha izi ndi kusintha, kapena kusintha, mu jini yokhudzana ndi kupanga hemoglobin (jini la HBB).
Hemoglobini ikachepa, maselo a thupi salandira mpweya wofunikira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimawonekera. Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya matendawa. Tiyeni tiwone chilichonse padera.
1. Beta Thalassemia yodalira kuikidwa magazi
Izi zimatchedwanso Thalassemia Major . Uwu ndiye mtundu woopsa kwambiri wa thalassemia. Vutoli limachitika pokhapokha ngati mwana alandira makope awiri a jini yosinthika ya matendawa kuchokera kwa makolo onse awiri.
Mwana amene ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi matendawa asanakwanitse zaka ziwiri .
Monga makolo, tikudziwa kuti zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kupirira nkhani yoti mwana wanu ali ndi matenda aakulu. Ndizachibadwa kumva kutopa komanso kuda nkhawa. Musakhale nokha panthawiyi. Lankhulani ndi achibale anu ndi anzanu za izi. Thandizo lawo lidzakhala gwero lalikulu la mphamvu. Komanso, ngati mukumva kutopa komanso kuda nkhawa, funsani dokotala wanu kuti akutumizireni kwa mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo. Sikoyenera kuchita manyazi, ndipo ndikofunikira kukhala olimba mtima kwa mwana wanu.
Kodi zizindikiro zomwe zingawonekere pankhaniyi ndi ziti?
- Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi: Chifukwa cha hemoglobin yochepa kwambiri, mwana amamva kutopa komanso kutopa nthawi zonse. Angawoneke ngati otumbululuka.
- Kukula mochedwa: Kukula kwa mwana kumachedwa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ana ena.
- Kukula kwa ndulu ndi chiwindi:Pamene maselo ofiira ambiri owonongeka akusonkhana mu ndulu ndi chiwindi, ziwalo zimenezi zimakula pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi.
- Kufooka kwa mafupa: Popeza mafuta a m'mafupa amafunika kupanga maselo ofiira ambiri, mafuta a m'mafupa amatha kutupa ndipo mafupa amatha kuonda komanso kusweka.
- Kuchedwa kutha msinkhu: Pamene mukukalamba, kutha msinkhu kungachedwe chifukwa cha zotsatira za ntchito ya mahomoni.
- Chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga ndi magazi kuundana chingawonjezekenso munthu akakula.
Njira zochizira
Kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kumeneku, kuikidwa magazi nthawi zonse n'kofunika. Komabe, mukapitiriza kupereka magazi, kuchuluka kwa chitsulo m'thupi kumatha kuwonjezeka mosafunikira. chitsulo chowonjezerachi chingawononge chiwindi, mtima, ndi dongosolo la endocrine.
Pofuna kupewa izi, mankhwala otchedwa Iron Chelation Therapy amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachidule, izi zimachotsa chitsulo chochuluka chomwe chasonkhana m'thupi. Pali mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa pa izi.
2. Beta Thalassemia yosadalira kuikidwa magazi
Izi zimatchedwanso Thalassemia Intermedia . Zizindikiro za izi sizowopsa kwambiri ngati za Thalassemia Major yomwe yatchulidwa kale.
Kawirikawiri, munthu amene ali ndi vutoli amakaonana ndi dokotala chifukwa cha mavuto monga kutopa kosalekeza, khungu kukhala lachikasu (jaundice), kapena kulephera kukula bwino.
Zizindikiro zomwe zingawonekere mu mkhalidwe uwu
- Kukula kwa ndulu.
- Kuchedwa kutha msinkhu.
- Mafupa ofooka komanso chiopsezo chosweka mosavuta.
- Kutopa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
Popeza zizindikiro za vutoli si zazikulu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri sikofunikira kuikidwa magazi nthawi zonse . Simungafunike kupereka magazi moyo wanu wonse. Koma zimenezo zili m'manja mwa dokotala wanu.
3. Beta Thalassemia Yaing'ono
Izi zimatchedwanso "Thalassemia Trait." M'dziko lathu, anthu ambiri amatcha vutoli "kukhala wonyamula Thalassemia."
Uwu ndi mtundu wofatsa kwambiri wa thalassemia. Munthu amene ali ndi vutoli sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zina kupatula kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi . Anthu ambiri amakhala zaka zambiri osadziwa kuti ali ndi vutoli. Nthawi zina amapezeka mwangozi akamayesedwa magazi kuti adziwe vuto lina.
Vutoli nthawi zambiri silifuna chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zonse pokhapokha ngati mukumva kutopa kapena kutopa.
Koma ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe zizindikiro, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndinu amene muli ndi vuto la Thalassemia. Makamaka ngati mukukwatira kapena mukukonzekera kukhala ndi mwana. Chifukwa ngati mnzanu nayenso ali ndi vuto la Thalassemia, pali chiopsezo cha 1 pa 4 (25%) kuti mwana wanu akhale ndi matenda a Thalassemia Major, omwe ndi vuto lalikulu. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndikuyesedwa.
| Mtundu wa Thalassemia | Kuona zinthu mozama | Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chithandizo |
|---|---|---|
| Thalassemia Yaikulu | Zoopsa kwambiri | Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kwambiri, kuchedwa kukula. Kuika magazi nthawi zonse komanso chithandizo cha iron chelation ndikofunikira. |
| Thalassemia intermedia | Zovuta pang'ono | Kuchepa kwa magazi pang'ono, kutopa. Nthawi zambiri sipafunika kuikidwa magazi nthawi zonse. |
| Thalassemia yaying'ono (Yaing'ono/Khalidwe) | Sizowopsa (monga momwe zilili ndi woyendetsa galimoto) | Nthawi zambiri palibe zizindikiro. Sipafunika chithandizo. Koma kudziwa bwino nkhaniyi n'kofunika kwambiri pokonzekera banja. |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Beta thalassemia ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe amachepetsa kupanga hemoglobin.
- Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya izi: yayikulu (yovuta), yapakati (yapakati), ndi yaying'ono (yofatsa/yapakati).
- Thalassemia major imafuna kuikidwa magazi nthawi zonse komanso kuchotsa chitsulo.
- Ngati muli ndi thalassemia minor (wonyamula kachilombo), mwina simungakhale ndi zizindikiro. Komabe, kudziwa ngati mnzanuyo alinso ndi kachilomboka n'kofunika kwambiri ngati mukuyembekezera mwana wathanzi.
- Musachite manyazi kapena kuopa kulankhula momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za mtundu wa thalassemia womwe muli nawo, chithandizo chake, ndi mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo.
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