Kodi mudamvapo za amoeba yomwe imadya ubongo? (Amoeba Yodya Ubongo - Naegleria fowleri) - Tiyeni tikambirane za vutoli loopsa!

Mwina mwamvapo za matenda oopsa kwambiri. Pakati pawo, matenda otchedwa "Brain-Eating Amoeba" amakupangitsani kunjenjemera, sichoncho? Ngakhale dzinalo likumveka loopsa, matendawa ndi osowa kwambiri . Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa izi, chifukwa pali zinthu zomwe tingachite kuti tidziteteze ku matendawa. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za amoeba iyi yotchedwa `Naegleria fowleri` ndi matenda oopsa omwe imayambitsa otchedwa `Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)`.

Kodi amoeba iyi yotchedwa `Naegleria fowleri` ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, `Naegleria fowleri` ndi chamoyo chaching'ono chokhala ndi selo limodzi, monga momwe tidaphunzirira kusukulu. Titha kuchipeza padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka m'malo otentha komanso opanda madzi abwino (monga nyanja, mitsinje, akasupe otentha). Nthawi zina chimakhala m'nthaka. Chinthu chapadera ndichakuti amoeba iyi sifunikira nyama ina (wokhalamo) kuti ikhale ndi moyo, imatha kukhala yokha m'chilengedwe.

Komabe, amoeba iyi ikakhudza anthu, imayambitsa matenda otchedwa `Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM).` Uwu ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri omwe amakhudza dongosolo la mitsempha . Ndipotu, amatha kupha.

Kumbukirani: M'malo ena mungaone mawu akuti "ameba" akulembedwa m'malo mwa "amoeba" ndi akuti "amebic" akulembedwa m'malo mwa "amoebic." Mulimonsemo, zonsezi zikunena za chamoyo chimodzi chokha.

Kodi amoeba iyi imalowa bwanji m'thupi mwathu?

Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. Njira yaikulu imene amoeba iyi ya `Naegleria fowleri` imalowera m'thupi mwathu ndi kudzera m'mphuno, kudzera m'madzi oipitsidwa . Tangoganizirani kuti mukusambira, kusambira m'madzi, kapena kusewera m'madzi tsiku lotentha m'nyanja, mumtsinje, kapena dziwe losambira lomwe silinatsukidwe bwino. Panthawiyo, ngati madzi okhala ndi amoeba iyi alowa m'mphuno mwanu, adzayenda mwachindunji kupita ku ubongo wanu.

Koma, ndikofunikira kudziwa izi:

• Matendawa samachitika chifukwa chomwa madzi oipitsidwa. Ngati amoeba yalowa m'mimba, singathe kufika ku ubongo.
• Kawirikawiri, izi zimachitikanso mukamagwiritsa ntchito madzi apampopi (makamaka ofunda, osati oyera kwambiri) kutsuka mphuno.

Kodi matendawa ndi ofala bwanji?

Mwamwayi, matenda a `Naegleria fowleri` ndi osowa kwambiri . Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale ku United States, matenda ochepa okha ndi omwe amanenedwa chaka chilichonse (pakati pa 0 ndi 8). Amapezeka kwambiri m'madera akum'mwera kwa dzikolo, komwe nyengo imakhala yotentha, ndipo amapezeka kwambiri mwa anyamata achichepere.

Komabe, posachedwapa, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo, matenda amenewa anenedwa ngakhale m'maiko ena akumpoto nthawi yotentha kwambiri. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kukwera kwa kutentha kwa chilengedwe kungakhale komwe kukuthandizira izi.

Chinanso n’chakuti kafukufuku wina amakayikira kuti matendawa ndi osowa bwanji. Chifukwa anthu ena ali ndi ma antibodies olimbana ndi amoeba iyi m’magazi mwawo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwina anali ndi matendawa ndipo anachira osadziwa. Komanso, imfa zina zomwe zinalembedwa kuti meningitis pambuyo pake zinasinthidwa kukhala imfa chifukwa cha matenda a ``Naegleria fowleri``.

Chinthu china choyenera kuganizira ndi chifukwa chake, mwa gulu la anthu omwe adasewera pamalo omwewo komanso mwanjira yomweyo, anthu ena okha ndi omwe amatenga matendawa. Chifukwa chiyani ena satero? Izi zikufufuzidwabe.

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za `Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)` zimatha kuwonekera mwadzidzidzi, ndipo zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri kuyambira pachiyambi . Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi izi:

• Malungo aakulu
• Mutu wopweteka kwambiri (izi sizili ngati mutu wamba)
• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Kugwedezeka
• Zizindikiro za matenda a meningitis: Monga malungo a muubongo, khosi lolimba, ndi photophobia
• Kusokonezeka maganizo (kulankhula molakwika, kusokonezeka maganizo)
• Pomaliza pake, munthu amakhala ndi chikomokere , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sadziwa kalikonse.

Izi n’zomvetsa chisoni kudziwa, koma ndi zoona: Ngakhale ndi chithandizo, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amafa chifukwa cha matendawa ndi oposa 97%.

Kodi chifukwa cha matendawa n'chiyani?

Monga tanenera kale, matendawa amapezeka pamene amoeba yotchedwa `Naegleria fowleri` ilowa mu ubongo kudzera m'mphuno . Izi zimachitika pamene madzi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka apumidwa kudzera mu mphuno. Amoeba iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala m'madzi ofunda amchere komanso m'madzi otentha.

Kawirikawiri, zanenedwa kuti izi zingachitikenso chifukwa chopuma fumbi lokhala ndi kachilomboka.

Pakhala milandu ina ingapo pomwe anthu atenga kachilomboka pogwiritsa ntchito madzi apampopi m'malo mwa madzi oyeretsedwa kapena oyeretsedwa m'zida monga miphika ya neti, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka mphuno.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere? (Nthawi Yoyamwitsa)

Zingatenge masiku awiri mpaka khumi ndi asanu kuti amoeba ilowe m'thupi ndipo zizindikiro ziwonekere. Nthawi imeneyi imatha kusiyana pang'ono malinga ndi munthu.

Kodi izi zimapatsirana kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina?

Ayi. Matendawa sanapezeke kuti amafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungathe kuwatenga pokhudza kapena kulankhula ndi munthu amene ali ndi matendawa. Komabe, kafukufuku akupitirirabe kuti adziwe ngati angathe kufalikira kudzera mu minofu kapena ziwalo.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji?

Ngati dokotala akuonani, akufunsani za zizindikiro zanu, ndikufunsani ngati mwakhala mukusambira m'dziwe lofunda la madzi oyera posachedwapa, ndipo akuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi matenda a Naegleria fowleri, adzakulangizani kuti muyesedwe.

• Kuboola Msana/Lumbar: Mu izi, chitsanzo cha madzi a m'mitsempha yanu ya ubongo (CSF) chimatengedwa ndikuyesedwa kuti chione ngati pali amoeba iyi.
• Kuyeza ubongo: Nthawi zina, kachidutswa kakang'ono ka minofu kuchokera mu ubongo kamatha kutengedwa ndikuyang'aniridwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kuti atsimikizire kupezeka kwa amoeba.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Chithandizo chachikulu cha Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), kapena matenda a Naegleria fowleri, ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a amphotericin B. Ena omwe adapulumuka matendawa ku North America adapatsidwa amphotericin B pamodzi ndi rifampin, fluconazole, ndi miltefosine. Miltefosine ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza leishmaniasis, matenda opatsirana ndi ntchentche zamchenga.

Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri (pa ana awiri omwe achira kwathunthu) zapezeka pozindikira matendawa msanga, kupereka mankhwala ofunikira, ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi pansi pa nthawi yake kuti athetse kutupa kwa ubongo. Chifukwa chake, nthawi ndi yofunika kwambiri.

Kodi tingadziteteze bwanji ku izi?

Popeza matendawa ndi oopsa, ngakhale kuti ndi osowa kwambiri, ndikofunikirabe kuchitapo kanthu kuti mudziteteze. Nazi zinthu zofunika kukumbukira:

• Pewani kusambira, kuyenda m'madzi, komanso kusewera m'madzi m'madzi ofunda a madzi abwino (makamaka omwe ali ndi madzi osasunthika). Ngati mukufuna, gwiritsani ntchito zotchingira mphuno kuti madzi asalowe m'mphuno mwanu. Pewani kusambira m'malo odziwika kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka Naegleria fowleri.
• Musagwiritse ntchito madzi a pampopi pothirira mphuno (monga mphika wa neti). Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito madzi osungunuka kapena oyeretsedwa. Ngati muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a pampopi, wiritsani kwa mphindi imodzi, kenako zimitsani kutentha . Ngati mukukhala pamalo okwera mamita 1,500 pamwamba pa nyanja, wiritsani madziwo kwa mphindi zitatu.
• Mungagwiritse ntchito zosefera zapadera kuti muchotse majeremusi m'madzi. Yang'anani zosefera zolembedwa kuti "NSF 53," "NSF 58," kapena "kukula kwathunthu kwa pore ya 1 micron kapena yocheperako."
• Mungagwiritsenso ntchito madzi a chlorine bleach kapena mapiritsi kuti muchotseretu mankhwala m'madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa mphuno ndi m'mphuno mwanu. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa bleach komwe kumafunika kuyeretsa madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pothirira mphuno n'kosiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi akumwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa. Onetsetsani kuti mwadziwa izi musanagwiritse ntchito.
• Ngati mukuyamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga kutentha thupi ndi mutu mutasambira m'madzi ofunda amchere, uzani dokotala nthawi yomweyo ndipo muuzeni komwe munapita.

Kodi matenda amenewa angachitike bwanji ngati atayamba?

Ndipotu, mwayi wochira ku matenda a Naegleria fowleri ndi wochepa kwambiri . Ngakhale atalandira chithandizo, anthu ambiri amafa chifukwa cha vutoli. Imfa imatha kuchitika mkati mwa sabata imodzi kapena masiku khumi kuchokera pamene zizindikirozo zayamba, ndipo chikomokere ndi imfa zimachitika mkati mwa sabata imodzi kapena masiku khumi.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga malungo kapena mutu mutasambira m'dziwe lofunda la madzi oyera kapena mutatsuka mphuno yanu ndi madzi apampopi, pitani kwa dokotala kapena pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga. Ngati muli ndi matenda a `Naegleria fowleri`, kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo kungakhale kofunikira kwambiri kuti mupulumutse moyo wanu.

N'zomveka kuchita mantha mukamva za "amoeba yodya ubongo" ndikuzindikira kuopsa kwake. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina mwakumanapo ndi amoeba iyi, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti vutoli ndi losowa kwambiri . Mutha kudziteteza nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito madzi osungunuka kapena oyeretsedwa kuti mutsuke mphuno yanu, komanso kupewa madzi omwe mukuganiza kuti ali ndi kachilombo (makamaka nyengo yotentha).

Chinthu Chofunika Kwambiri - Chidule (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kotero, zinthu zazikulu zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana ndi izi:

• `Naegleria fowleri` ndi amoeba yomwe imatha kukhala m'madzi ofunda komanso imayambitsa matenda osowa kwambiri koma oopsa muubongo.
• Matendawa amayamba makamaka chifukwa cha madzi omwe ali ndi kachilombo omwe amalowa muubongo kudzera m'mphuno. Satenga madzi akumwa.
• Zizindikiro (malungo aakulu, mutu waukulu, kusanza, kuuma khosi) zimaonekera mwadzidzidzi ndipo zimakula mofulumira.
• Ndi bwino kukhala otetezeka:
• Pewani kusambira m'madzi ofunda komanso opanda madzi abwino, kapena gwiritsani ntchito zotchingira mphuno.
• Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito madzi osungunuka kapena owiritsa kuti mutsuke mphuno yanu.
• Ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga kutentha thupi ndi mutu mutasamba ndi madzi otentha, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Naegleria fowleri, amoeba yodya ubongo, primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, PAM, amoeba, matenda a ubongo, matenda obwera m'madzi