Ndikumvetsa momwe zimakhalira zovuta kwa kholo kuuzidwa ndi dokotala kuti mwana wanu wakhanda ali ndi vuto la mtima lobadwa nalo. Panthawi ngati iyi, mukamva za 'BTT shunt', mwina mumakhala ndi mafunso ambiri okhudza chomwe chimachitika, chifukwa chake chimachitidwa, kodi chidzavulaza mwana, komanso kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse? Musadandaule. Lero, tikambirana zonsezi momveka bwino komanso mosavuta.

Mwachidule, kodi BTT Shunt iyi ndi chiyani?

BTT shunt, kapena Blalock-Taussig-Thomas shunt, ndi opaleshoni yapadera yomwe imachitika kuti ithandize makanda omwe salandira mpweya wokwanira m'thupi lawo. Vutoli limayamba chifukwa cha vuto la mtima wobadwa nalo .

Taganizirani izi, matupi athu amalandira mpweya kuchokera mumpweya umene timapuma m'mapapo mwathu. Mpweya umenewu umafunika kuwonjezeredwa m'magazi ndi kunyamulidwa m'thupi lonse. Komabe, mwa ana ena omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima, mtsempha waukulu wamagazi womwe umanyamula magazi kuchokera mumtima kupita m'mapapo , womwe ndi mtsempha wa m'mapapo , sulandira magazi okwanira. Kenako thupi sililandira mpweya wokwanira.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti nthawi zambiri iyi ndi njira yakanthawi. Mwana akakula pang'ono komanso wamphamvu, opaleshoni yayikulu imachitika kuti akonze vuto la mtima loyambirira. Pa opaleshoni imeneyo, BTT shunt imachotsedwa. Komabe, nthawi zina, makanda ena angafunike kukhala ndi shunt iyi ngati njira yothanirana ndi vutoli kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ndi mitundu iti ya matenda a mtima yomwe imafunika opaleshoni ya BTT Shunt?

Opaleshoni iyi ndi yothandiza pa matenda angapo a mtima obadwa nawo omwe amachepetsa kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku mapapo.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike?

Opaleshoni isanachitike, gulu lachipatala la mwana wanu lidzasonkhanitsa zonse zofunika. Adzamuyang'ana mwana wanu mosamala ndikuwona mbiri ya thanzi lake kuyambira muli ndi pakati. Akhozanso kuchita mayeso ena osamuvulaza.

Mudzalandiranso malangizo a momwe mungasambitsire mwana wanu musanachite opaleshoni komanso nthawi yoti musiye kudya ndi kuyamwitsa.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni?

Opaleshoni iyi imatenga maola angapo ndipo ndi yovuta kwambiri. Dokotala wa opaleshoni amachita izi makamaka:

• Fupa pakati pa chifuwa cha mwanaMtima umafikiridwa podula sternum .
• Kuti ayandikire mtima, thymus gland yomwe ili pafupi imachotsedwa kwathunthu.
• Monga tanenera kale, cholumikizira chopangidwa chimalumikizidwa pakati pa mtsempha waukulu womwe umapatsa magazi thupi (mtsempha wa subclavian) ndi mtsempha womwe umapatsa magazi m'mapapo (mtsempha wa m'mapapo).
• Kulumikizana kumeneku kumafufuzidwa mosamala kuti kuone ngati kukugwira ntchito bwino, ngati pali magazi oundana, kapena ngati pali kutuluka magazi.
• Ngati zonse zili bwino, chifuwa cha mwana chidzatsekanso.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mwana wanu adzalowetsedwa mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) .

Mwana amapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, monga heparin, kuti apewe kuundana kwa magazi. Amayambanso kumwa aspirin . Mwanayo ayenera kumwa aspirin iyi moyo wake wonse. Nthawi zambiri, makanda ena amafunika thandizo la makina osakhalitsa othandizira moyo, monga ECMO .

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za opaleshoniyi ndi ziti?

Ubwino waukulu:

Phindu lalikulu la opaleshoniyi ndilakuti imawonjezera mpweya wokwanira womwe umafika m'maselo a thupi la mwana. Izi zimachepetsa mtundu wa buluu (cyanosis) womwe umapezeka pakhungu, milomo, ndi m'zikhadabo za ana ena chifukwa chosowa mpweya. Uwu ndi mlatho wabwino kwambiri kuti mwana akhale wathanzi komanso wamphamvu mpaka opaleshoni yayikulu yotsatira.

Zoopsa ndi zovuta:

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zina. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani mwatsatanetsatane. Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:

• Magazi ambiri amayenda kudzera mu shunt kupita ku mapapo kuposa momwe amafunikira (pulmonary overcirculation).
• Magazi amaundana.
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha pafupi ndi malo ochitira opaleshoni (makamaka mitsempha yomwe imakhudza kuzama kwa mawu a mwana).
• Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima (arrhythmia).
• Kumangidwa kwa mtima.

Zoopsa zimenezi n’zochepa kwambiri, ndipo gulu lachipatala likuyesetsa kupewa zinthu ngati zimenezi.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire ndipo ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Mwana nthawi zambiri amakhala m'chipatala kwa milungu iwiri. Sabata yoyamba kapena kuposerapo adzakhala m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU). Ngakhale mutapita kunyumba, muyenera kupita ndi mwana wanu kuti akamuyeze nthawi zonse. Ulendo woyamba nthawi zambiri umakhala mkati mwa sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri mutapita kunyumba.

Mukabwerera kunyumba, ngati muwona zizindikiro zotsatirazi, muyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Monga kholo, tikudziwa kuti mukufuna kupatsa mwana wanu zabwino kwambiri zomwe mungathe. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite panthawiyi ndikufunsa gulu lachipatala mafunso onse omwe muli nawo. Kambiranani momveka bwino za momwe mwana wanu alili, opaleshoni, ndi tsogolo lake. Kusankha chipatala ndi madokotala omwe ali ndi luso lalikulu pa opaleshoni yotereyi kudzakubweretserani mtendere wamumtima.